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Incredible Women You Didn't Learn About in History Class Here are the stories of women you may not know about, but definitely should ◆Maria Sibylla Merian Born in Germany in 1647, Merian was fascinated by insects, and she began collecting, studying, and drawing them when she was as young as 13. She was one of the few naturalists of her time to actually study live insects. It was through her study of caterpillars(毛毛虫) that she discovered the truth about their life cycles. Her work provided major contributions to the field of entomology（昆虫学）。 ◆ Murasaki Shikibu Murasaki Shikibu, a Japanese woman, was widely considered to be the world’s first novelist. She was a noble woman living in Japan around the year 1000 AD. She wrote a two-part novel called The Tale of Genji, which tells a riches-to-rags story about the son of a Japanese emperor forced to live as a common man. The Tale of Genji is widely considered to be a masterpiece of Japanese literature. ◆ Ada Lovelace Ada was working to design early computing machines that she hoped would be able to quickly solve math problems. In addition to designing this early computer program, she also was first to suggest that these computers might be able to do more than, well, calculate. She imagined them doing everything, from producing images to composing music. ◆ Lucy Stone Born in 1818, Stone married a fellow activist and changed her name, but decided to change it back a year later. She held the belief that "a wife should no more take her husband's name than hers." She became the first American married woman to keep her maiden name for her entire life. Stone was also one of the founding members of the American Equal Rights Association and fought for the ending of slavery. 【1】What can readers learn about from The Tale of Genji? A. Ancient Japanese culture. B. Development of computer. C. Research on living things. D. Modern life of Japanese women. 【2】What do Maria Sibylla Merian and Ada Lovelace have in common? A. They were pioneers in computer. B. They devoted themselves to science. C. They created masterpieces of literature. D. They made progress in studying Insects 【3】Which of the following women fought for human rights? A. Lucy Stone B. Ada Lovelace C. Murasaki Shikibu D. Maria Sibylla Merlan |
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When I was a child, I dreamed of becoming many things. Sometimes, I wished I was an astronaut going up into space, finding new planets and jumping around in a cool space suit. Other times, I imagined being a cowboy in the Wild West, wearing stylish cowboy boots. On other occasions, I pretended to be a famous footballer, using my skills to score lots of goals for my team. Looking back, I realize that imagination is a wonderful thing. I was able to create entire environments and scenarios in my head, using nothing more than my brain, and to be able to adapt things in my everyday surroundings to fit the specific story of the day. Growing up with siblings (兄弟姐妹) also helped, as it meant that even bigger stories could be created, combining our ideas and putting our thoughts into action. It also allowed for more varieties in the stories, as sometimes I could be the hero while on other occasions, I would be the bad guy. One of my all-time favorite memories as a kid was playing in my back garden. I played the role of Indiana Jones, which cleaned up at the cinema at that time, with my younger sister as my assistant and my brother as a bad person. We used everything in our garden, from the path to the fence, as part of the storyline to create obstacles that needed to be overcome, and we would keep the story going for hours! My personal favorite game was Indiana Jones and the Stolen Easter Eggs, where my brother hid small chocolate eggs around the garden and my sister and I had to find them by answering questions or solving a puzzle. It was difficult, but eventually we found all the eggs and shared them together. Since then, I have seen many great things and met many amazing people. The elements of fun and varieties of my creative imaginations are what I try to bring into every part of my positive life. So I can enjoy sharing with and hearing about other people’s stories, too. 【1】What do we know about the author from his childhood? A.He enjoyed living a life full of freedom. B.He was longing to experience adventurous things. C.He was always imagining a bright life for his future. D.He had a clear picture of what he would do after growing up. 【2】Which of the following can best replace the underlined word “scenarios” in Paragraph 2? A.experiences B.situations C.positions D.excuses 【3】From the passage, we know that Indiana Jones was . A.an astronaut B.a famous footballer C.a hot film D.a very popular book 【4】What would be the best title for the passage? A.My Creative Imagination. B.My Childhood. C.My Positive Life Today. D.My Pride in Myself. |
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| 3. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes, which should come first — changing your diet or becoming more physically active? Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals. So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were age 45 or older into four groups. One group was instructed about making diet and fitness changes at the same time, the second group was taught about diet changes first, then fitness changes four months later, the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later, and the final, control group was not instructed about either diet or fitness changes but about how to manage their stress. The researchers tracked the groups for a full year. Compared to the control group, the three intervention (干预) groups made healthy changes in their diet. Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months. However, at the end of the year, the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both exercise and nutrition levels, while those who worked on improving their nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after a year. The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity. The findings show, however, that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives. If folks change diet and exercise orderly, the scientists say, they may end up placing more importance on the first set of behavior changes and feel less pressured to address the second set. 【1】The advice mentioned in the second paragraph seemed . A.popular B.dangerous C.scientific D.unsatisfactory 【2】Which group made progress earlier than other groups in increasing the amount of daily exercise? A.The first group. B.The second group. C.The third group. D.The control group. 【3】The reason why those improving their nutrition first failed to meet the levels of fitness after a year might be that . A.they might be very lazy B.they wouldn’t like to change their behavior C.it is much harder to change physical activity D.they might put on weight before changing their physical activity 【4】Which of the following does the author probably approve of? A.Pairing diet and exercise changes. B.Becoming more physically active first. C.Changing diet and exercise following a fixed order. D.Changing diet first and placing more importance on it. |
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| 4. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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Babies born in summer are more likely to become short-sighted in late life, a study has shown. As many as a quarter of all cases of short-sightedness are caused by too great an exposure to sunlight in the first weeks of life, say eye experts. They are advising all parents to put sunglasses on their babies during the first weeks. Scientists had already established that over-exposure to sunlight caused shortsightedness in animals. Researchers who compared the months in which babies were born with whether they needed glasses later on say the principle also applies to humans. A study of almost 300,000 young adults-the largest of its kind-showed that those born in June and July had a 25 per cent greater chance of becoming severely short-sighted than those born in December or January. Research leader Professor Michael Belkin, of Tel Aviv University, said it was because prolonged illumination(光照) causes the eyeball to lengthen-causing short-sightedness. Hence the more light a newborn is exposed to, the more the eyeball lengthens and the worse the short-sightedness will be. The mechanism which lengthens the eyeball is associated with levels of melatonin(褪黑激素), a pigment (色素) which protects the skin against harmful rays of the sun. In young babies not enough melatonin is released as protection, meaning they are more_____to sunburn and changes to eyeball shape. Sight expert Professor Daniel O’Leary, of Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge, said “At the moment we don’t know the precise cause of why light exposure affects sight, but the evidence seems to prove that it is one of the reasons for people becoming shortsighted.” 【1】Babies born in summer are more likely to be shortsighted ____________. A. because the summer sun is too strong for babies B. because babies born in summer have lengthened eyeballs C. if they are exposed too much sunlight in the first weeks after they are born D. if parents don’t know a proper way to protect their babies’ eyes 【2】Melatonin is a kind of material to ___________. A. prevent the eyes from becoming near-sighted B. protect the skin from harmful sun rays C. make our body strong D. protect babies’ eyes from summer sun 【3】From what Professor Daniel O’Leary says we can conclude that ___________. A. there is no evidence that shortsightedness is related to exposure to sunlight B. whether light exposure affects sight still needs to be further proved C. he believes that light exposure can cause shortsightedness D. he tries to give the cause of why light exposure affects sight 【4】The underlined word “vulnerable” in the passage probably means __________. A. easy to be harmed B. resistant C. protective D. changeable |
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| 5. 其他阅读题型 | 详细信息 |
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How to Make a Chinese Hot Pot Eating a Chinese hot pot is a very common experience. People gather around the pot, dipping their food, waiting for it to cook, mixing their own seasonings (调味品) and enjoying each other's company. 【1】 Firstly, prepare a large pot of soup. There is no right or wrong way to prepare a soup, so feel free to make your own. A simple soup can be made by boiling water with the addition of meat bones or fish heads and a mixture of herbs, seasonings and vegetables. Then, cut a variety of meats and fish into thin slices.【2】. Choose any food that you enjoy. Some common choices for Chinese hot pot include thin pieces of beef, pork, lamb and so on. You can make your hot pot using the more traditional method of using the meats and seafood that are local to you. Meanwhile, select, wash and prepare some vegetables. 【3】 Mushrooms of all kinds are also common to Chinese hot pot preparations. 【4】At home, a single hot pot would work well up to 4-8 people depending on the size of the pot. Make sure everyone is sitting in a circle and has easy access to everything on the table. Prepare a separate small dish for each guest to mix their seasonings. 【5】! A. Finally, arrange the seating reasonably B. Now comes the turn to enjoy your hot pot C. It will guarantee that the items will cook quickly and fully D. Here are some easy steps to make a Chinese hot pot at home E. For more variety, consider dumplings, rice cakes and tangyuan F. Popular choices include: cabbage, pea leaves, winter melon and tomato G. It usually lasts a couple of hours because you are cooking and eating in small parts |
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I'm standing in a class of wild 14－year－old girls as they throw paper and howl with laughter. They won't _______to me. I was 22 and I didn't know what I was doing. I never wanted to teach. I wanted to be a _________. But when I arrived in London, they were short of teachers. My_________ at teaching were hopeless. When the bell finally rang, I rushed to the _________ room, red _________anger. The other teachers weren't surprised. "That's 4B, the worst class in school," one said. I was afraid of our next meeting, but I couldn't give up, because I needed the job. Therefore, I _________formal lessons._________, I brought topics for class discussions. One of the liveliest talks was about the arguments they had with their _________. They paid attention and shared about their families. Then I had them write about themselves. As time went on, their essays became a _________ between us. I think they __________ my interest in their lives. The musical My Fair Lady was playing in the West End, but they had never seen a(n)__________ stage performance. I asked if they would like to see the musical. They thought I was __________. No teacher had ever ________ taking them out. A few weeks later, 4B and I were __________ in a theatre. They loved the music and the characters. It was the __________ of their year, and they talked about it for days. Near the end of the semester, someone__________ on the door of the staff room. The two girls most unwilling to________ rules in 4B were there—with flowers. I was __________to know I had touched their lives, but they had also touched mine. When I returned to Australia several years later, I still wanted to be a writer. For the first time in my life, I stopped __________and started writing. My first story was __________, My Fair Ladies. Teaching wasn't the end of my writing career; it was the beginning. 【1】A.reply B.hold C.apply D.listen 【2】A.director B.writer C.singer D.musician 【3】A.efforts B.ambitions C.experiences D.experiments 【4】A.sitting B.consulting C.staff D.waiting 【5】A.with B.at C.for D.on 【6】A.prepared B.abandoned C.attended D.favoured 【7】A.Besides B.Instead C.Therefore D.Nevertheless 【8】A.parents B.classmates C.friends D.teachers 【9】A.topic B.argument C.bridge D.conflict 【10】A.ignored B.denied C.restricted D.appreciated 【11】A.instructive B.thrilling C.live D.formal 【12】A.promising B.joking C.complaining D.protesting 【13】A.kept B.minded C.suggested D.avoided 【14】A.sitting B.performing C.competing D.singing 【15】A.expectation B.success C.fantasy D.highlight 【16】A.called B.fell C.knocked D.leaned 【17】A.chase B.desert C.dismiss D.observe 【18】A.proud B.interested C.curious D.relaxed 【19】A.moving B.dreaming C.working D.travelling 【20】A.commented B.awarded C.introduced D.titled |
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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号里单词的正确形式。 President Xi Jinping signed a presidential order on Tuesday to award four people national medals and honorary titles for their outstanding contributions 【1】 fighting the COVID-19 pandemic. Zhong Nanshan, 84. 【2】 excellent disease expert, was awarded the Medal of the Republic, the highest national honor, for his outstanding work in fighting COVID-19 in China. Three others were also awarded the “People’s Hero” national honorary title for helping fight against the novel coronavirus (新冠病毒) . They are Zhang Boli, a 【3】 (tradition) Chinese medicine expert ; Zhang Dingyu, head of Wuhan’s Jinyintan Hospital; and Chen Wei, a medical scientist 【4】 made major achievements in COVID-19-related basic research. Zhong also has long been devoted to the research, prevention and 【5】 (treat) of major infectious and chronic respiratory diseases (慢性呼吸病) , and has a long record of 【6】 (achievement). He was a major figure in the fight against the severe acute respiratory syndrome（综合症状） outbreak in 2003 in China. 【7】 (follow) the COVID-19 outbreak, the Chinese government encouraged the country 【8】(contain) the disease in Wuhan, Hubei province, after the city was locked down in late January. More than 42, 000 medical workers from across the country 【9】 (send) to Hubei to fight the disease. The pandemic has been 【10】 (effective) placed under control on the Chinese mainland since early March. |
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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线（___），并在该词下面写出修改的词。 注意：1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词； 2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 Most people look forward to their birthdays because of the presents they receive them. I have been getting my birthday presents but none of which have been remarkable so far. My parents always give me books which is fine but not exciting. Then, on my seventeen birthday, I got the best birthday present ever. On the dining table was a white envelope. I opened it and find a key and a note. “Happy birthday, my dear nephew!” was written on hand. It was from his Aunt Jess. I looked at the key more closely but I realized it was a car key. This was best birthday present. On my birthday, I became the owner of my own car thanks to my generously aunt. |
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| 9. 书面表达 | 详细信息 |
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一项调查显示，我国每年餐桌上浪费的食物高达2000亿元，相当于2亿多人一年的口粮。因此党中央发出“杜绝食物浪费，发起光盘行动”的号召。请你以李华的名义向你校师生写一封倡议书，内容包括： 1.学生食堂浪费现象严重； 2.食物浪费的原因和影响； 3.减少食物浪费的具体措施。 要求：字数100词左右；字迹清楚工整；内容连贯完整；开头已给出不计入词数。 参考词汇：光盘行动“clear your plate”campaign Dear teachers and schoolmates, Food waste has become a great concern all over the country. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua |
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