福建2019年高二下半期英语期末考试试卷带答案和解析

1. 阅读理解

详细信息

Visitor Code of Conduct Please help us maintain a healing environment for our patients. Visiting hours and policies vary throughout the hospital. Please ask a staff member about the policy on the unit you wish to visit. We ask that you obey the following visitor rules: ◆Do not visit if you are sick (fever, cough, sore throat, nausea, or vomiting) or have been exposed to chicken pox (水痘) or other contagious (传染的) illnesses within the past three weeks. ◆Clean your hands each time you enter and leave the patient’s room. ◆Follow isolation precautions (隔离预防措施) that are posted on the patient’s door. ◆Do not touch patient equipment, patient wounds, or bandages while visiting. ◆You must wear shoes and shirts at all times. Clothing must be clean and neat. ◆Visitors are limited to two per patient each time. ◆Do not use waiting rooms on a unit if you are not visiting a patient in that unit. ◆Waiting rooms are not for overnight stays. ◆Children must have adult supervision (监护) at all times and must be respectful of the hospital’s healing environment. Some units do not allow children’s visiting. You will be asked to leave for violating (违反) any of the above rules or for the following: ◆Your behavior creates a risk to patients, families or staff. ◆You appear to be ill. ◆You refuse to follow isolation precautions. ◆You are not respectful or considerate of others. ◆You fail to supervise children. If you believe someone is violating these rules, or you need assistance, please notify security by dialing 7363 on the hospital phones or 813-844-7363 on your mobile phone. Security is available at all times. Waiting areas are monitored at all times by a security video camera. 【1】Before you visit a unit in the hospital, you should ______. A.make an appointment B.ask permission from the doctor C.check the visiting policy D.have your clothes disinfected 【2】According to the code, visitors are allowed to ______. A.touch patient equipment B.visit patients in groups of two C.stay overnight in the waiting room D.change into slippers in the patient room 【3】What can be concluded from the text? A.Children can go to any unit if they are supervised. B.If you seem to be ill, you can still visit unless it is contagious. C.Visitors who violate the rules will not be allowed to visit again. D.You can ask for security’s help at any time.

2. 阅读理解

详细信息

I was shopping in the supermarket when I heard a loud voice boom from across the aisle. “Mom, come here! There’s a lady here my size!” The mother rushed to the boy she called Mickey; then she turned to me to apologize. I smiled and told her, “It’ s okay.” Then I talked to the boy, “Hi, Mickey, I’m Darryl Kramer. How are you?” He studied me from head to toe, and asked, “Are you a little mommy?” “Yes, I have a son,” I answered. “Why are you so little?” he asked. “It’s the way I was born,” I said. “Some people are little. Some are tall. I’m just not going to grow any bigger.” After about five more minutes of answering questions, I shook Mickey’s hand, and he returned to his mother. My life as a little person is filled with stories like that. I enjoy talking to children and explaining why I look different from their parents. It has taken many years to develop my confidence to be able to do that. It takes only one glance to see my uniqueness. I stand three feet, nine inches tall. I was born an achondroplasia dwarf (患软骨发育不全症的侏儒). Despite this, my parents encouraged me to do all the things the kids around me did when I was growing up. When my neighbors got two-wheel bikes, I got a two-wheel bike. When they roller-skated, I roller-skated. I didn’t realize how short I was until I started school. There, a few kids picked on me, calling me names. Then I knew. After that, I began to hate the first day of school each year. As time went on, I just tried to smile and accept the fact that I was going to be noticed my whole life. I was determined to make my uniqueness an advantage rather than a disadvantage. What I lacked in height, I made up for in personality. I’m 47 now, and the stares have not diminished as I’ve grown older. People look in disbelief when they see me get out of my car on the driver’s side. During those times, I try to keep a good attitude. And it’s the children’s questions that make my life special. When I talk with children, they leave content that their questions have been answered. My hope is that in taking time with them, I will encourage them to accept their peers, whatever size and shape they come in, and treat them with respect. 【1】The mother apologized to the author because she thought ______. A.her son mistook the author for her B.her son was too noisy in the supermarket C.what her son said to the author was rude D.her son might have frightened the author 【2】How did the author’s parents bring her up when she was growing up? A.They taught her at home by themselves. B.They inspired her to live as a normal kid. C.They encouraged her to be the best bicyclist. D.They often reminded her that she was different from other kids. 【3】The word “diminished” underlined in the second-to-last paragraph probably means ______. A.decreased B.spread C.occurred D.focused 【4】Why does the author enjoy talking to children? A.She thinks they are lovely and full of curiosity. B.She can get strength and encouragement from them. C.She feels safe and confident to communicate with them. D.She wants to teach them to accept people for who they are.

3. 阅读理解

详细信息

Parking in the CBD of any Australian city is expensive, hard to come by and often an unavoidable headache. But Rylan Kindness, a 16-year-old entrepreneur (企业家) from Brisbane, thinks he might have the answer to this problem. It was after Rylan realized his parents were spending hours to try and find parking deals in the city that he came up with the idea for a centralized system. This system shows users the best price for parking in the area they want and offers users a daily deal with a discount. Rylan now doubles as a high school student and the CEO of Parking Deals Australia, a role he took on four months ago when he launched the business from his bedroom. Parking Deals Australia isn’t even Rylan’s first business. When he was barely 11, Rylan came up with an idea to sell wholesale (批发的) scooter parts (儿童滑板车配件) online, purely because he just wanted some extra money. On the side, he’s succeeding in other passions as well. And despite Rylan clearly being a high-achiever and having a knack (诀窍) for business, he admitted it hasn’t always been smooth sailing. “I’ve learned so many crazy things through trial and error. Every day I fail somewhere but I always try to get better. My biggest failure was when I first set up everything and thought it was what everyone else would like but it’s a shock when you see people not enjoying what you’re doing. It makes you want to cry a little bit but then you polish the product and keep going,” he said. While Rylan didn’t want to say exactly how much his now-bustling company is worth, he did admit he’s making a tidy profit. “I earn more in one day than I was earning for three months work in a cafe but I’m investing it all back into the business. ... what I’ve learned is that if you’re starting a business just to make money, you’re definitely going to fail. I’m there to help millions of people and that’s what really gets me going,” he said. Rylan’s goal with Parking Deals Australia is to take it countrywide. “We want to be everyone’s second step in their parking journey and save millions of people millions of dollars,” he said. 【1】According to the article, the centralized system can ______. A.analyze users’ parking habits B.show the nearest parking lot for drivers C.show areas with available parking spaces D.recommend the cheapest parking spaces 【2】What can we learn about Rylan Kindness? A.He got the idea for the parking system from his parents. B.He started to display a talent for business when he was about 11. C.He left school to run his own company four months ago. D.He started his first business by setting up Parking Deals Australia. 【3】Rylan’s business experience ______. A.has shown him that the beginning is the most difficult time B.has taught him to work through failures by improving C.has pushed him to attempt crazy things, even when he fails D.has inspired him not to care too much about others’ opinions 【4】What was Rylan’s main purpose for starting his business? A.To earn some extra money for making bigger investments. B.To become one of the most successful entrepreneurs in Australia. C.To help people while making a profit. D.To expand his influence on a national scale.

4. 阅读理解

详细信息

A new study from MIT has found that piano lessons have a very specific effect on kindergartners’ ability to distinguish different pitches (音高), which translates into an improvement in distinguishing between spoken words. However, piano lessons did not appear to provide any benefit for overall intelligence, as measured by IQ, attention span (注意力集中时间), and working memory. The 74 children participating in the study were divided into three groups: one that received 45-minute piano lessons three times a week; one that received extra reading instruction for the same period of time; and one that received neither of these. All children were 4 or 5 years old and spoke Mandarin as their native language. After six months, the researchers tested the children on their ability to distinguish words based on differences in vowels (元音), consonants (辅音), or tone (音调). Better word distinguishing usually comes with better phonological awareness – the awareness of the sound structure of words, which is a key part of learning to read. Children who had piano lessons showed a significant advantage over children in the extra reading group in distinguishing between words that differ by one consonant. Children in both the piano group and extra reading group performed better than the third group when it came to distinguishing words based on vowel differences. The researchers also used electroencephalography to measure brain activity and found that children in the piano group had stronger responses than the other children when they listened to a series of tones of different pitch. This suggested that a greater sensitivity to pitch differences is what helped the children who took piano lessons to better distinguish different words, Desimone says. “That’s a big thing for kids in learning language: being able to hear the differences between words,” he says. “They really did benefit from that.” In tests of IQ, attention, and working memory, the researchers did not find any significant differences among the three groups of children. Desimone says he hopes the findings will help to convince education officials who are considering abandoning music classes in schools not to do so. 【1】What do we know about the study? A.The participants were divided into four groups. B.All the participants spoke English as their native language. C.The participants were tested after a period of six months. D.The ages of the participants ranged from 4 to 15 years. 【2】What did the researchers find in their study? A.Children in the piano group had better awareness of the differences among words. B.Children in the piano group performed better in the IQ test. C.Children in the extra reading group had better awareness of sounds. D.Children in the extra reading group performed better in the IQ test. 【3】What does Desimone think is an important ability for kids learning a language? A.The ability to imitate certain sounds. B.The ability to tell the differences between sounds. C.The ability to remember new sounds and words. D.The ability to relate sounds to real objects. 【4】With the findings, what does Desimone want education officials to do? A.To have more music classes in schools. B.Not to end music classes in schools. C.To provide more types of musical instruments to schools. D.Not to force students to study music if they are unwilling to.

5.

详细信息

It is very common for a classroom to have a world map on the wall. However, a new map, called the AuthaGraph World Map, might replace the old maps. 【1】 This surprised many because earlier winners of the important award have been things like robots and mobility chairs (移动座椅). But this map is very special, because it is more accurate than the maps you have used at school. This is because it is difficult to copy the 3-D, spherical surface (球面) of the world onto a 2-D map. 【2】 This means places like North America look much bigger than they really are. North America looks the same size as Africa, even though Africa is much bigger. 【3】 Many people have tried to fix this problem, but until now they haven’t been successful. 【4】Created by Japanese designer Hajime Narukawa, it cuts the globe into 96 equal triangles and puts them into a tetrahedron (四面体) shape. In this way, the designer keeps the proportions (比例) of the land and water the same when going from a 3-D sphere to a 2-D map. The map is already being used in Japanese school textbooks. According to the Good Design Award judges, it is the best example of what the planet really looks like. 【5】 A. However, they did suggest increasing the accuracy further by cutting the world into even smaller pieces. B. It recently won Japan’s 2016 Good Design Award. C. Similarly, Alaska looks bigger than Brazil, even though Brazil is more than five times bigger in real life. D. It recently becomes very popular in Japan and catch much attention. E. That means the body of the world has been changed. F. Bodies of water and land are distorted (变形) because of this. G. The AuthaGraph World Map appears to have solved the problem using geometry.

6. 完形填空

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The day that I will always remember is when I ran my first 10km.While putting my toe on the starting ____, I felt my heart drop to my stomach. However, I would ____ my heart, because in running, when you run out of your ____, you just run with your heart. That day the ____ was cool and fresh, and my courage had ____. The race was about to start. Bang! The ____ of the starting gun ran into the air. I took off running, ____ like the wind. I knew it would be a really great ____ for me. In the first four miles, I felt like a cheetah (猎豹). I felt ____ and forceful in my pace. Then came the fifth mile. My legs ____ like jelly(果冻), and I could feel fire burning in my lungs, “keep ____!” the thought ran through my head. Now was the time I had to run with my ____. I had to win although I didn’t know whether I would ____ it. My body really wanted to ____, but my heart told me not to. I think it’s the ____ thing about running. The real run starts when you want to ____. I saw the finishing line and I felt like an Olympic ____ who was about to win the race. I had ____ been happier, and felt proud too when I had my ____ put around my neck. As the saying goes, “Running is the greatest metaphor (比喻) for life, ____ you get out of it what you put into it.” 【1】A. point B. sign C. course D. line 【2】A. need B. check C. break D. know 【3】A. knowledge B. ability C. energy D. money 【4】A. situation B. scenery C. air D. sunlight 【5】A. shown off B. made out C. got through D. set in 【6】A. sound B. power C. action D. result 【7】A. carefully B. gently C. fast D. freely 【8】A. mistake B. challenge C. trouble D. success 【9】A. nervous B. serious C. strong D. heavy 【10】A. looked B. tasted C. felt D. smelt 【11】A. growing B. going C. talking D. resting 【12】A. heart B. feet C. legs D. body 【13】A. expect B. see C. accept D. make 【14】A. take off B. give up C. stay out D. turn back 【15】A. first B. important C. terrible D. easy 【16】A. stop B. jump C. turn D. improve 【17】A. coach B. volunteer C. supporter D. runner 【18】A. sometimes B. ever C. always D. never 【19】A. metal B. model C. medal D. license 【20】A. if B. because C. unless D. though

7. 语法填空

详细信息

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last weekend, I was lucky enough 【1】 (tour) the World Heritage city of Pingyao in Shanxi province. The ancient city 【2】 (preserve) within the original city wall. The highlight (最精彩部分) of our tour was a visit 【3】 the famous Qiao family compound (乔家大院), about 30 kilometers north of Pingyao. It was 【4】 the Chinese film Raise the Red Lantern was shot, directed by Zhang Yimou in 1991. We went in the evening and the warm, clear weather made it the perfect time to appreciate this 18th century marvel (奇迹) of Chinese architecture. Qiao Guifa started building 【5】 compound in 1756 during the Qing Dynasty. Who was he? Qiao began life as a servant, 【6】 rose to become one of the most successful 【7】 (businessman) of the age. The large, splendid home he established 【8】 (have) six main courtyards, 20 smaller ones and 313 rooms in all. Qiao lived there with his family and dozens of servants, as did later generations of his family. 【9】 may surprise you to hear that one of the best parts of the trip was the hotel I stayed in. It was no 5-star place, but an authentic 18th century building. As I dropped off to sleep in the 【10】 (comfort) bed in my simple room, I felt as if I had traveled back to another century.

8. 改错

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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 Everyone has something that make them happy. For me, happiness is sitting in front of a piano but losing myself in the world of music. I still remember to playing the piano one Sunday afternoon. I felt so tiring after studying for a whole week. After thinking for a moment, I sat in front my piano. Gently pressing the keys with my fingers, I made a few simple but pleasant sound. Slowly, I closed my eyes and enjoyed the music. They reduced my stress and made me happily. Happiness should be everything that accompanies us all the time. It’s like the butter to our bread --- we can’t do with it.

9. 书面表达

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假如你是李华，刚刚参加完某一英语报社组织的“中学生英语夏令营”活动。请你给该活动的负责人Jane写一封信，要点如下： 1. 你从该活动中学到了什么； 2. 表达你的感激之情； 3. 渴望再次参加。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jane, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua