2019-2020年高二下学期期中英语考题同步训练（湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学）

1. 阅读理解

详细信息

Every new parent knows that rocking can calm that uneasy baby when it’s time to take a nap. But the benefits of gentle movement may go beyond the baby stage. Because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night’s sleep. What should be no surprise is that movement can calm someone. Think of how many times you’ve fallen asleep on a train. But can motion really cause a nap, and make for a deeper sleep? To find out, researchers invited 18 healthy volunteers for a sleepover. “So they came to the lab and slept one time on the motionless, normal bed. And one night where they got rocked.” said Aurore Perrault, a sleep researcher at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. “And what we find is that when compared to a motionless night, a whole night of rocking sleep has a beneficial effect not only on sleep beginning but also on sleep continuity. “Subjects who were rocked also did better on a memory test the next morning than the stiller sleepers. In the second study, Kompotis, a student at the University of Lausanne, rocked a group of mice. “Whether rocking affects sleep in other species was never before discussed. So the main questions for our study were whether rocking affects sleep in mice and what is the possible system? ” Kompotis placed the mouse cages on a platform that moved from side to side. Though mice were rocked four times faster than their human counterparts—a frequency of one back-and-forth per second, or 1 Hertz, worked best—the results were strikingly similar. “During rocking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still condition.” However, additional studies could allow the researchers to identify a new aim for treating sleep disorders, including insomnia (失眠). If you want a good night’s sleep, you might think about adding a little swing to your night-time routine. 【1】What’s the purpose of the second study in the passage? A.To do research on the sleep system of other species. B.To see whether rocking affects sleep of other species. C.To discuss in which case rocking affects baby’s sleep. D.To study the influence of rocking on sleep disorders. 【2】What do we know about the mice in Paragraph 5? A.Their sleeping time went up when rocked at 1 Hertz. B.Their sleep disorder including insomnia was treated. C.When rocked, they fell asleep four times faster than at still condition. D.When rocked, they slept faster than their human counterparts. 【3】What’s the best title of the passage? A.Rocking Helps Grown-ups Sleep Too. B.Deep Sleep Needs the Constant Swing. C.Rocking Greatly Affects Deep Sleep. D.Rocking Can Treat Sleep Disorders.

2. 阅读理解

详细信息

Following the outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP), also named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathing —the NCP’s symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu, but it’s potentially more dangerous. Viruses could be deadly, like HIV and Ebola. But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble? Viruses are non-living organisms (有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they can’t reproduce on their own. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over. Viruses can infect every living thing – from plants and animals down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections trigger no noticeable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host cell to come along. They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect. For example, HIV, which causes AIDS, attacks the T-cells of the immune system. But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists. “Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult”, Ed Rybicki, a virologist (病毒学家) at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, “because viruses don’t leave fossils and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells they’ve invaded”. However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses. First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites (寄生者). Second, viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that “escaped” from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells. For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to test these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers. Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears. 【1】What can we learn about viruses from the text? A.Viruses have nothing to do with the common cold. B.Viruses are really small living organisms. C.Viruses can’t reproduce unless they find a host cell. D.Viruses enter our bodies mainly through the mouth, nose and hair. 【2】Which of the following might explain the origin of viruses? A.They evolved from the fossils of large organisms. B.They evolved from parasites into independent organisms. C.They evolved from the T-cells in animals. D.They evolved along with their host cells. 【3】The underlined word “plausible” in the last paragraph probably means ________. A.reasonable B.common C.creative D.unbelievable 【4】What can we conclude from the text? A.Viruses live longer in human host cells than in animals’. B.Viruses will become more like bacteria as they evolve. C.It may take a long time to understand the origin of viruses. D.The author is optimistic about future virus research.

3. 阅读理解

详细信息

The advent of warm weather here in Maine calls for a seasonal ritual that, for me, puts an end to winter—fetching the wooden screen door. Note that I wrote “wooden”. The aluminum models just won’t do it—they close too neatly and keep their perfect form for decades. In the 1960s, a time of imperfection, there was no perfect house, no perfect car, no perfect kids or parents. Why should a screen door be an exception? I grew up with my siblings in a working-class neighborhood in New Jersey. When the warm weather arrived, my dad would pull out the wooden screen door and install it over the back door, which could then be left wide open, admitting a refreshing breeze (we had no air conditioning). My father was a Mr. Fix-it, so keeping the screen door serviceable was one of his hobbies. Every few years he gave it a fresh coat of paint and fixed it a bit. I distinctly remember him putting the last screw in the last hinge (铰链), and swinging the door shut with a “crack!” A good, wooden screen door, unsightly as it was, had an invaluable function in the age of the stay-at-home mom: It alerted her to the coming and going of the kids. My siblings, and my friends ran in and out of the house, tearing the screen door open and letting it slap shut behind us. A hundred times a day. It was all good, and my mom never complained about the noise, because that was the purpose of a wooden screen door—to slam shut and thereby announce that her children were within earshot. Several years ago, in a fit of nostalgia (怀旧), I went shopping for a wooden screen door. I was disappointed in the choices available. They looked a bit too solid, too well made. But I found one online, and within a week it was delivered to my doorstep. The firm had sent me one with the wrong dimensions, so I asked my carpenter to make the necessary adjustments. Ozzie worked away at it for a couple of hours until he got it to sit neatly in its frame. I gave it a test: I pulled it open and let go. It closed in a lazy fashion. “Not good,” I pronounced. “Please remove the automatic door closer and adjust the door so it swings shut with a good crack.” Ozzie went about his work and a short while later the task was done. The door was uneven in its frame, and the screen no longer lay flat. But when I pulled open the door and released it, the thing clapped shut like a rifle shot. “What do you think?” I asked. “It looks like hell,” said Ozzie. “But it sounds like heaven,” I said. And I, being the owner of the door—and the memory—had the final word. 【1】What particular function did the wooden screen door perform in the writer’s childhood? A. It functioned as an air conditioner in summer. B. It helped sharpen his father’s repairing skills. C. It was more like a toy that kids often played with. D. It made Mom aware that the kids were close by. 【2】The reason why the writer asked the carpenter to continue to adjust the door is that ________. A. the door was not the right size for the frame B. the door was poorly made that it didn’t suit him C. he wanted to see how the door was supposed to shut D. he was determined to seize the ownership of the door 【3】What does the wooden screen door mean to the writer now? A. It is a reminder of the imperfect things. B. It is a symbol of his memory of summer. C. It is a contributor to the better life he leads. D. It is an antique worth cherishing in the museum. 【4】What is the best title for the passage? A. The good old days are gone B. Never judge a door by its appearance C. Summer announces itself with a crack D. Every single imperfection adds to beauty

4.

详细信息

Ballet for children and teenagers It can take a long time to reach a professional level in ballet, so most dancers begin their training very young. It is essential that very young dancers learn the ballet movements properly right from the beginning. 【1】 This is because it is usually more difficult to change old habits than to learn new ones. The first thing that young children who are interested in learning to dance often do is attend creative movement classes, where they can practice basic skills like jumping and turning, and just have fun. 【2】 In addition, some people recommend that they should learn either to sing or play instrument. Young people who decide they want to have a ballet career can attend a dance school. Here, students not only study normal school subjects but also do daily dance training. 【3】 And the whole dance-school environment is set up to support the young people’s artistic development; it allows them to focus on their dance more easily, and prepares them for their future. But how can a young dancer and their parents tell which dance school is the most suitable? 【4】 The older students taking part in it should clearly have more highly-developed ballet skills than the younger dancers. By the time they are 16 or 17, many ballet dancers are entering ballet competitions and taking classes at professional studies. 【5】 It is important for young dancers to know how well they are doing, because the dance world is very competitive and the training is hard; not everyone makes it to the top. A.For all these reasons, they enjoy meeting other dancers. B.Listening to different styles of music also helps. C.Travelling long distances to dance schools can be tiring, too. D.Attending one of their public performances is a good way of finding out. E.If they develop poor techniques, they may have problems later on. F.This allows them to compare themselves with teenagers from other schools. G.That means they do not waste time travelling from home to dance classes.

5. 完形填空

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One morning in early fall, I spotted a pair of wild geese on our pond. The beautiful sight caught me by ________, because we had never seen geese there before. I wondered where they came from and why they’d ________ our pond. As the days passed, I couldn’t ________ getting a closer look and started talking to the geese. They craned their necks and raised their heads ________ but seemed to realize I was a friend and not an enemy. I felt ________ we were bonding. One day as they were feeding in the grass near the driveway, I discovered the reason for their ________—the male had a broken left wing. He was ________ to fly, and his lifelong mate would not leave him behind. I marveled at the ________ between them. I asked a wildlife biologist friend what I should do. He explained that sometime a broken wing will heal by itself and suggested letting ________ take its course. ________ the first day of November, I was working in the vicinity (在……附近) of the geese with my tractor. I caught some ________ from the corner of my eye. Both geese were running toward the pond, wings beating ________. The geese gained enough altitude to clear a neighbor’s house, then ________ back toward me, flying no more than 50 feet over my head as if to say goodbye. Then they were out of sight. I grew ________ them during their stay at our pond, and I miss them. I’ll never forget their ________ to each other. We could all learn a lesson or two from this pair. 【1】A.anger B.surprise C.terror D.sorrow 【2】A.cleared B.destroyed C.chosen D.disturbed 【3】A.resist B.imagine C.escape D.admit 【4】A.naturally B.happily C.sadly D.cautiously 【5】A.whether B.even if C.how D.as though 【6】A.absence B.delay C.visit D.departure 【7】A.unable B.curious C.eager D.afraid 【8】A.bond B.quarrel C.conflict D.competition 【9】A.chance B.nature C.fate D.knowledge 【10】A.For B.During C.On D.To 【11】A.atmosphere B.division C.response D.movement 【12】A.wildly B.occasionally C.slowly D.aimlessly 【13】A.floated B.circled C.slid D.skipped 【14】A.angry with B.fond of C.tired of D.grateful to 【15】A.sympathy B.objection C.adjustment D.devotion

6. 语法填空

详细信息

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Light pollution is defined by the Lighting Research Center as the 【1】 (want) consequence of outdoor lighting such as street lights. Too much man-made light at night results in disturbed 【2】 (nature) cycles, and also prevents the 【3】 (observe) of stars and planets at night. But its effects 【4】the environment go beyond that. By 【5】 (study) some trees, researchers found out that trees that are more 【6】 (expose) to artificial lighting at night bud (发芽) up to 7.5 days earlier than those at the normal nighttime setting. And they found out that light had a more significant effect than temperature 【7】 the buds came out. The early budding may cause problems for insects, which feed on 【8】 (leaf), and the birds which feed on them in turn. Migratory birds(候鸟) are also 【9】 (negative) affected by light pollution. The glare might confuse them and make them lose 【10】 (they) flying sense. The phenomenon might explain why some birds accidentally knock into buildings.

7. 完成句子

详细信息

从下面的方框中选择合适的词，将其正确的形式填在句子中。选项中有两项为多余选项。 【1】Thousand were killed in the early stage of the novel virus spread because of lagging countermeasures, after which three related officials ____________ from their positions. 【2】The proposal was instantly voted through with two to one in favour, ____________ by enthusiastic applause. 【3】Since the lockdown of the city on Jan.23rd, the students and teachers in our school ____________ online learning and teaching at home. 【4】While a moderate amount of stress can be ____________, too much stress can exhaust you. 【5】Larger and longer trials are needed ____________ the clinical effect and safety of this new drug. 【6】Heroic sacrifice in disaster or war is not ____________ to self-preservation. It is people’s choice based on their value of life. 【7】Responsibility and reliability are the essential ____________ to be a trustworthy citizen in any society. 【8】Do not let a lack of materials to hold you back from ____________ your dream. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind. 【9】New public opinion polls show the President’s ____________ rating at its lowest point since he took office. 【10】The Chinese people have shown great sympathy for the victims in the Covid-19 epidemic in the United States, ____________ those political conflicts.

8. 书面表达

详细信息

假设你是李华，你喜爱的英语学习报Colorful English创刊五周年之际征集读者意见，请你根据以下内容给主编写封信，主要包括： 1. 说明你是该报的忠实读者 2. 说明该报优点：1）刊登国际新闻 2）提供音频二维码 3. 提出建议：增加外国文学欣赏 注意： 1. 词数100左右。 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：周年anniversary 二维码QR code Dear Editor-in-Chief, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. 书面表达

详细信息

读后续写 “Acknowledged, Detective. This is my...” He hung up and told the driverless UNATS Robotics car to get him down to the railway station as fast as it could, angry with himself and with Ada—whose middle name was Trouble, after all—for making him deal with a robot before he’d had his breakfast. The name had been his ex-wife’s idea, something she’d insisted on. His ex-wife. He hadn’t thought of her in years. Well, months. Weeks, certainly. She’d been a brilliant computer scientist at the UNATS Robotics school at the University of Toronto. Now she was settled in her own research lab in Beijing, providing the kinds of software solutions for robot applications. He itched to wiretap her, to read her email or listen in on her phone conversations. He could have done that when they were still together, but he never had. If he had, he would have found out what she was planning. He could have talked her out of it. “And then what, Artie?” said the nagging voice in his head. He couldn’t stop her from chasing her own dream— making the smartest robot in the world, especially with their little daughter in her belly. “Shut up!” he told the nagging voice. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语； 3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； 4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。 In a few minutes, he was at the front gate of the railway station. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ There she was, standing by a teenage girl who had the same blue eyes as his. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________