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Diseases spread in many ways. An infected person can cough or sneeze on someone nearby, or they can spread germs through a handshake. But sometimes we pick up germs indirectly. A sick person might leave behind bacteria or viruses when they touch a door handle, for example. But what if those surfaces could clean themselves? Two teenagers from Hong Kong asked themselves the same question. Now they’ve developed a door handle that can kill germs on contact. The idea is simple. Every time the door is opened, the movement creates power that starts a germ-killing reaction on the handle. In lab tests, their system killed about 99.8 percent of the germs that they spread onto lab dishes covered with their material. Research by others has shown that door handles in public areas are often home to lots of bacteria and viruses, notes 17-year-old Sum Ming (“Simon”)Wong. He and his schoolmate Kin Pong (Michael) Li, 18, wanted to design a covering for door handles that would kill germs. After doing some research, they learned that a mineral called titanium dioxide (二氧化钛)is known to kill bacteria. It’s already used in many products, from paints to desserts. To make their covering, the teenagers made the mineral into a very fine powder. Titanium dioxide kills bacteria best when lit by ultraviolet (紫外线的) light, says Simon. UV light is found in sunlight. But UV light does not naturally shine on indoor handles or any used at night, so the teenagers light their door handle from within. To make sure the light reaches the coated surface, the teenagers made their door handle out of clear glass. Each end fits into a bracket (托架). Inside one of the brackets is a strong light-emitting diode (LED). From it comes UV light. And here’s the interesting part: The power that makes the UV light shine comes from opening and closing the door. The power from the door is then carried by wire to the LED inside the door handle. The door handle system, Michael and Simon say, might cost no more than about $13 (about 81 yuan) to build. 【1】The ways diseases spread are mentioned at the beginning of the text to . A.demonstrate how most diseases are spread indirectly B.remind readers of the importance of cleaning their hands C.explain how to kill bacteria or viruses effectively D.help to describe a new invention that prevents diseases from spreading 【2】The LED is placed inside the brackets to . A.supply enough power to the handle system B.produce titanium dioxide to kill bacteria C.provide UV light to help titanium dioxide work better D.direct the UV light in sunlight to the coated surface 【3】What is the author’s attitude toward Michael and Simon’s door handle system? A.Cautious B.Critical C.Disappointed D.Enthusiastic |
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| 2. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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This may sound like a joke about a lazy person's dream job. Earn big money by staying in bed and watching TV. But this is really happening, and it's a project of NASA and two European space agencies the Institute of Aerospace Medicine at the Cologne-based German Aerospace Center and the European Space Agency. It's called Artificial Gravity Bed Rest Study, aimed at studying how the body adapts to weightlessness in space. Scientists are seeking 12 women to spend two full months in bed in the fall at a German lab, plus an additional month there for preparation and recovery. The first 12 test subjects, all men, already have started the study. Participants spend two entire months in bed and remain lying down even to do everyday things like eating, drinking and exercising. They also answer nature's call and shower, but it's unclear from the NASA website how those tasks are accomplished in bed. "Daily routine showering, getting dressed, eating, exercising takes much time when you cannot stand up to do them," says the website, adding that there is "continuous data collection", including blood pressure, heart rate, nutrient absorption and also the participants' feelings. Study subjects will spend the 60 days with their heads tilted(倾斜)down six degrees, which imitates(模仿)conditions in space. Participants are encouraged to pass the time by watching TV, taking online courses, reading and any other activities they can perform while lying down alone in bed to relieve what could be boredom. Family and friends are allowed to visit. The high $ 18,500 payment for two months of lazing about is probably a major motivation for people willing to go through something this extreme. However, if you're an American who really needs the money, you probably can't afford it. Candidates need to travel to Cologne four times at their own expense for the employment process between April and July. Plus, they need strong German-speaking skills. Also participants need to be nonsmokers between ages 24 and 55, in good health, with normal body weight. 【1】What are participants expected to do during the study? A.Report their feelings regularly. B.Complete their daily routines in bed. C.Keep their bodies tilted down six degrees. D.Record their physical responses every day. 【2】What data about the participants will the researchers collect? A.The changes in their weight. B.Their behaviors to weightlessness. C.The ways they do their daily things. D.Their physical and mental reactions 【3】What will be a challenge for the participants? A.The language skills they need. B.The difficulty meeting family. C.The possibility that they feel dull. D.The slow discovery of their health. 【4】The requirements for potential participants are . A.challenging for Americans B.tailored to thin persons C.easy for the youth to satisfy D.suitable for most people |
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| 3. | 详细信息 |
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Four years ago, my sweet mom went to be with her Lord. She did it her way. I got the call at work, and I headed home quickly. Mom and Dad lived on a small farm that they had owned since I was seven. I hated going there every weekend. There was nothing for a young girl to do but watch the one station on the old TV set, if the weather allowed reception. My mom, on the other hand, loved the peace and quiet of the land. The place was rustic(乡村的), with no indoor plumbing or heat. We had a big wood stove in the kitchen that did its best to heat the little farmhouse, but it always seemed cold and too quiet to me. In the evenings, my mom and I would sit for hours singing in the little kitchen. I sang the melody and Mom harmonized. Her favorite song was “Moon River” and we sang it over and over. Mom told me stories about how when I was a little girl, I could sing before I could talk. As time passed, I had my own children and went to visit them every week or two. The kids loved the farm and the tractor rides with my dad. Me, well, I still hated the silence of the farm. While my mom loved to sit at her kitchen table and look out at her garden and flowers and retell all the old stories, I missed the hustle and bustle(喧闹)of my life at home. But I sat there listening quietly as she reminisced.( 叙旧) Now, I sat back in the silence and the silence was deafening so I finally leaned over to turn on an old radio. Music always comforted me. My heart skipped a beat. “Moon River” was playing on the radio. I sat there stunned,with a tear running down my cheek, as I listened to every familiar note. Then the radio announcer came on. “Here’s one we haven’t heard in a while,” and an unfamiliar song began. I began to cry harder as I heard the words sung over the airwaves. 【1】The writer didn’t like staying on the farm for the following reasons EXCEPT that ______. A.it was too cold and quiet B.she could only sing one song on the small farm C.there was nothing more that could make her excited D.the place was rustic, with no indoor plumbing or heat 【2】From the first paragraph, we know that the writer’s mother ______. A.left the small farm with Lord B.passed away four years ago C.left for Lord to live her own way D.preferred to be with Lord 【3】Which of the following would be the best title for this passage? A.Mom’s music B.Cherish (珍惜) life C.My happy childhood D.Our small farmhouse |
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| 4. | 详细信息 |
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Do you want to put a smile on someone’s face? Maybe make their day a little bit brighter?【1】 In fact, many things can be done as a part of your normal routine and cost little or nothing. Try out one or more of the following ways today to put smiles on their faces: 1. 【2】 Handwritten notes that are given to encourage someone, not just for thanking someone for a gift, are rare. That makes handwritten notes even more special. Start a new practice of sitting down and writing an encouraging note on a regular basis. 2. Take a friend out to lunch or invite him to your home. 【3】 If you feel like being more adventurous, throw a party for several of your friends. 3. Deliver a meal to someone you know that is sick or having a rough time. We have all been sick and know the last thing you want to do is be out of bed. There are also times when life is tough. 【4】 4. Ask a friend if you can take care of their kid for a day or an evening. If you have been a parent, you know the value of being able to have a few hours of free time without worrying about the children. 【5】 Offer to do it when the parents want to relax themselves. Besides, there is one more way that can’t be ignored. Give a real smile to everyone you meet. You will experience how easy it is to get others to smile! A.Thank everyone that supports you. B.Write an encouraging note to others. C.Helping others will be rewarded with more smiles. D.It doesn’t have to take much time or money on your part. E.You can be a great help by providing a meal that can be enjoyed. F.Don’t wait to be asked to babysit when it is required. G.You will get to know each other even better than you do right now. |
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| 5. 完形填空 | 详细信息 |
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Have you ever wondered what you would tell yourself if you had the chance to go back to the past? We all have those life lessons that could have ______ significantly to our personal growth if only we had known them _____. When I was 8 years old I was told I had leukemia (白血病). Although it is ____ for a child to have cancer, I was somewhat lucky ______ I was unaware of the overall ______ of it. Sure, I was sick, but _______. Two years later I had a relapse (旧病复发), and it was much harder to _______ it the second time. After receiving all kinds of treatments and a series of operations, I _______ recovered. And I’m here 13 years later to tell my story. Because of _______ the above things at a young age, I’ve learned things no other child gets the opportunity to. If I could go back and give my 8yearold self _______, I'd say, “Bryce, what you are about to experience is going to be one of the ______ things anyone could face. You’re going to have days when your body is so weak that others will have to ______ you so that you can eat, drink, or sit up. You’ll be so ______ that for a year you won’t be able to go ______ unless you wear a mask.” “That sounds bad, but it doesn’t ______ what you’ll learn because of it. You’ll learn that no matter what bad things ______ to you, you should make a good life out of what is left. You’ll learn that you can never judge a person because you just don't know what _________, illnesses, or trials they’ve been through.” To this day, my cancer experience works _______ a reminder that difficulties are not all bad, and I hope to live up to the ________ I have of my personal growth. How about you? I hope the life lessons I’ve ________ can help you reflect on your own. 【1】A.owed B.contributed C.replied D.referred 【2】A.later B.better C.earlier D.further 【3】A.exciting B.interesting C.confusing D.frightening 【4】A.so B.because C.if D.unless 【5】A.seriousness B.loneliness C.encouragement D.argument 【6】A.gave away B.set off C.went up D.pulled through 【7】A.stress B.fight C.solve D.examine 【8】A.simply B.extremely C.actually D.eventually 【9】A.studying B.reading C.experiencing D.imagining 【10】A.knowledge B.advice C.news D.lie 【11】A.safest B.brightest C.cheapest D.toughest 【12】A.call B.find C.move D.persuade 【13】A.fat B.sick C.busy D.cold 【14】A.upstairs B.outside C.ahead D.nearby 【15】A.turn to B.point to C.compare with D.cooperate with 【16】A.happen B.speak C.explain D.return 【17】A.challenges B.dreams C.projects D.plans 【18】A.at B.as C.without D.from 【19】A.conclusions B.expectations C.invitations D.considerations 【20】A.organized B.conducted C.shared D.collected |
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| 6. 语法填空 | 详细信息 |
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第二节 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 【1】(dish) is seen as especially troublesome. Many westerners 【2】 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 【3】 can be to eat out. I still remember 【4】 (visit) a friend who’d lived here for five years and I 【5】(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. While regularly eating out seems to 【6】(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be 【7】(afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 【8】 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 【9】(weigh) problems. If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home 【10】 dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun. You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket. |
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| 7. 书面表达 | 详细信息 |
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假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Elvin听说你寒假打算参加社区服务活动，他想跟你一起参加。请你写一封电子邮件向他介绍本次活动的具体安排，内容包括： 1. 表示欢迎；2. 活动安排；3. 你的希望。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 可增加细节，以使行文连贯。 3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。 Dear Elvin, How is it going? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua |
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