| 1. | 详细信息 |
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Growing up in Puerto Rico, our family was no different from so many others. My parents got married after my father came back when the war ended. Both of my parents were struggling with the hard economic realities of the time. But somehow, they found time to cherish those cultural values that shaped our everyday life. In our daily life, we celebrated together with our friends or family members every birthday, every graduation, and all holidays with music and dancing, typical foods. When we visited our family in the countryside—a trip that took about two hours in a car, with five children fighting as to who would get a window or the front seat—we would break into a song, and somehow the trip would turn into one full of happiness and fun. We would sing not only interesting children’s songs but also beautiful love songs—songs about the love of the country though we didn’t understand the meaning of the words many times. I came to Philadelphia for the first time in 1973 to do a residency (实习) in family medicine. I remember the many hours of work. I was facing issues of life and death and suffering the clearly social unfairness and issues of poverty and race. These were all aggravated by my feeling of cultural differences. An important turning point in my life happened one Saturday night when I attended a concert of Puerto Rican singer and composer Antonio Caban Vale. The music showed my familiar rhythms, and the words spoke to my heart. I had found a space to express, celebrate, and share my culture in Philadelphia. Therefore, I believe diversity is seen as an advantage and not as a disadvantage. As a Puerto Rican, I am a mixture of races and I believe in my strength because of this. 【1】What do we know about the author’s parents? A.They lived a well-off life. B.They were famous in Puerto Rico. C.They had different cultural values. D.They took cultural values seriously. 【2】Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “aggravated”? A.Worsened. B.Appreciated. C.Criticized. D.Caused. 【3】What did the concert make the author aware of? A.The possibility of celebrating her own culture. B.The right to share one’s culture with others. C.The happiness of possessing unique cultural values. D.The right of cultures to coexist in society. |
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| 2. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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It is with mixed emotions that I went to the young criminal center every few months to give vaccinations (接种疫苗). On the one hand, I feel lucky to be able to provide a service that may have a positive health effect on the residents. But, on the other hand, I feel a sense of sadness and disappointment as I see the prisoners being escorted (押送) by guards to the nursing unit. My last visit was very memorable. For some reason, there was a lightness in the air. More than ever before, I felt a lightness as I spoke with each person. We shared stories and smiles and fears. Even the toughest prisoners seemed to be surrounded by light. As a mother, I saw them as not only youth, being punished for crimes, but also as children who have the potential to change for the better. Most of them wanted to talk longer! They were reaching out to us! It felt right. There was one more prisoner. He was limited to a different unit in a lonely cell. We were asked if we were okay going down there. We said that we were. Two guards escorted us down and when we entered the area, instant tears welled up in my eyes. The area was sad. These guards didn’t smile. We entered the cell and had to make do with what was there. We were done but I didn’t want to leave. I gave the 17 year old a gentle touch and smile as I explained what to do regarding the side effects. At first, there was no response, so I just looked down at his bare feet and then to my supplies. I thought that I had better pack up. Suddenly, he looked up at me and smiled before he said “Thanks” and then he gave me a thumbs-up. I smiled back and said, “You’re welcome. Take care of yourself.” It was wonderful to receive a kind response from someone who was in such a harsh place. As we walked back to the main entrance, we didn’t speak. Where there can be a smile, there is hope. Sometimes smiles can be very powerful. 【1】What can we know about the young in the young criminal center? A. They received regular medical service. B. They were treated unfairly. C. They stayed in bad conditions. D. They were forced to take treatment. 【2】What was special about the center the last time the author went there? A. She was asked to share stories. B. Every prisoner was kind to her. C. The young people talked freely. D. She sensed a relaxing atmosphere. 【3】What did the young man think of the author? A. He disliked her for her sympathy. B. He really appreciated her kindness. C. He thought she would change his life. D. He thought she was just an ordinary doctor. 【4】What impressed the author most in this story? A. The young man’s smile. B. The medical care for prisoners. C. The punishment to the prisoners. D. The difference between the young man and others. |
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| 3. | 详细信息 |
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Every new parent knows that rocking can calm that uneasy baby when it's time to take a nap. But the benefits of gentle movement may go beyond the baby stage. Because two new studies show that rocking also helps grown-ups, both human and mouse, get a good night's sleep. What should be no surprise is that movement can calm someone. Think of how many times you've fallen asleep on a train. But can motion really cause a nap, and make for a deeper sleep? To find out, researchers invited 18 healthy volunteers for a sleepover. “So they came to the lab and slept one time on the motionless, normal bed. And one night where they got rocked.” said Aurore Perrault, a sleep researcher at the University of Geneva in Switzerland. “And what we find is that when compared to a motionless night, a whole night of rocking sleep has a beneficial effect not only on sleep beginning but also on sleep continuity.” Subjects who were rocked also did better on a memory test the next morning than the stiller sleepers. In the second study, Kompotis, a student at the University of Lausanne, rocked a rack of mice. Whether rocking affects sleep in other species was never before discussed. So the main questions for our study were whether rocking affects sleep in mice and what is the possible system?" Kompotis placed the mouse cages on a platform that moved from side to side. Though mice were rocked four times faster than their human counterparts-a frequency of one back-and-forth per second, or 1 Hertz, worked best-the results were strikingly similar. During rocking at 1 Hertz, time spent asleep increased, and mice fell asleep twice as fast as at still condition. However, additional studies could allow the researchers to identify a new aim for treating sleep disorders, including insomnia(失眠). Until then, you might think about adding a little swing to your nighttime routine. 【1】What’s the purpose of the second study in the passage? A.To do research on the sleep system of other species. B.To discuss in which case rocking affects baby’s sleep. C.To see whether rocking affects sleep of other species. D.To study the influence of rocking on sleep disorders . 【2】What do we know about the mice in Paragraph 5? A.Their sleeping time increased when rocked at 1 Hertz. B.Their sleep disorder including insomnia was treated. C.When rocked, they fell asleep twice faster than at still condition. D.When rocked, they worked faster than their human counterparts. 【3】How did the researchers carry out the experiment? A.By conducting a survey B.By asking questions C.By filling out questionnaires D.By making comparisons 【4】What’s the best title of the passage? A.Rocking Helps Grown-ups Sleep Too. B.Deep Sleep Needs the Constant Swing. C.Rocking Greatly Affects Deep Sleep. D.Rocking Can Treat Sleep Disorders. |
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| 4. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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In February, FEDEX launched a robot capable of replacing a pizza delivery driver by bringing food right to your door, which indicates more companies may soon automate (使自动化) not only processes, but full business lines. These types of moves could be disastrous to work. Between 1987 and 2017, manufacturing output grew 80 percent, but the number of workers dropped dramatically. This hit cities hard, leading to shrinking populations and the wide difference between urban places we see now. Numerous studies show that automation isn’t equally affecting the workforce across all sectors. While it has negatively impacted a portion of the economy, it has helped to lift up other sectors, such as computer science and health care. The real question is how you counteract inequality. To start with, we should train people with the skills they need. To minimize job losses and embrace positive changes, we need to focus on the great value humans bring to the table. Jobs requiring soft skills like time management, active listening, cooperation, and judgment and decision-making, and jobs that are in high-touch industries are much less likely to be automated. We must make joint efforts to strengthen and fix the holes in the safety net. While the 2020 presidential candidates are starting a conversation about how to accomplish this, cities are already leading by experimenting with basic income, passing higher minimum wage laws, carrying out paid family leave and driving policy solutions that support workers and families. In the end robots won’t take all the jobs, but they might take yours. What we do about it, though, is up to us. 【1】What will possibly happen if companies use robots in full business lines? A. There will be a sharp drop in manufacturing output. B. There will be a shrink in population across China. C. The negative impacts will outweigh the positive ones. D. The workforce in various fields may be affected differently. 【2】Which of the following is more likely to be automated? A. Bringing dishes to the table in a restaurant. B. Helping to manage one’s time efficiently. C. Communicating effectively with co-workers. D. Helping make the right judgement and decision. 【3】How is Paragraph 5 developed? A. By providing data. B. By giving examples. C. By comparison. D. By analyzing. 【4】What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean? A. It is up to us whatever we do with the robots. B. It is up to us what jobs the robots will replace. C. We need to adapt ourselves to the changes accordingly. D. We have the confidence that robots will replace no jobs. |
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| 5. | 详细信息 |
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How to cultivate your sense of happiness? Relieving stress and anxiety might help you feel better — for a bit. Martin E.P. Seligman, a professor of psychology at the University of Pennsylvania and a pioneer in the field of positive psychology, does not see ridding negative emotions as a path to happiness.“What makes life worth living,” he said, “is much more than the absence of the negative.” 【1】 To cultivate the components of well-being, which include engagement, good relationships, accomplishment and purpose, Dr. Seligman suggests the following four exercises based on research at the Penn Positive Psychology Center, which he directs, and at other universities. Identify Signature Strengths Write down a story about a time when you were at your best. 【2】. Reread it every day for a week, and each time ask yourself: “What personal strengths did I display when I was at my best?” Writing down your answers “puts you in touch with what you’re good at,” Dr. Seligman explained. The next step is to consider how to use these strengths to your advantage, intentionally organizing and structuring your life around them. 【3】 Set aside 10 minutes before you go to bed each night to write down three things that went really well that day. Next to each event answer the question, “Why did this good thing happen?” Instead of focusing on life’s lows, which can increase the likelihood of depression, the exercise “turns your attention to the good things in life, so it changes what you attend to,” Dr. Seligman said. Make a Gratitude Visit Think of someone who has been especially kind to you but you have not properly thanked. 【4】. Then arrange a meeting and read the letter aloud, in person. “It’s common that when people do the gratitude visit both people weep out of joy,” Dr. Seligman said. Why is the experience so powerful? “It puts you in better touch with other people, with your place in the world.” Respond Constructively 【5】That is, instead of saying something passive like, “Oh, that’s nice” or being dismissive, express genuine excitement. Prolong the discussion by, say, encouraging them to tell others or suggest a celebratory activity. “Love goes better, commitment increases, and from the literature, even sex gets better after that.” A.The next time someone you care about shares good news, give an “active constructive response.” B.Write a letter describing what he or she did and how it affected your life, and how you often remember the effort C.Find the Good D.To Dr. Seligman, the most effective long-term strategy for happiness is to actively cultivate well-being. E.People like you more, relationships go better, life goes better. F.It doesn’t need to be a life-changing event but should have a clear beginning, middle and end. G.Well-being consists not merely of feeling happy but of experiencing a sense of satisfaction. |
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| 6. 完形填空 | 详细信息 |
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Two miles back down the road I smelled the freshly brewed coffee. I could almost ___ the hot coffee, as I pulled into the lot. I wondered why it wasn’t packed. It was still ___. So, I waited. In the wait, I noticed there were only two cars ___, and in front of me was a stalled(失速的) car. I had ___ minutes to arrive where I worked. Unexpectedly, a ___ hurried out of a car toward me. She was in tears. ___ the stranger asked me to drive around her car. My ___ went wild. So far, I had a perfect attendance ___. The baseball parking lot would be filled by the time I would arrive. Even worse, I could ___ my boss in the elevator. ___, I felt impressed to help the lady. I felt a little unsure, ____ I asked her if she would like me to pray for her car to start. She quickly ____. Soon afterward, she began to weep with joy and then speak with a new confidence. She bravely ____ and asked the on-lookers to help push the car out of the drive-through line. Before ___, I pushed a check into her purse, to help with the much-needed car repairs. Later that day she called to ____ me for everything. She was filled with excitement. Hopefully my desire for coffee will direct me every morning. 【1】A.cook B.taste C.sell D.deliver 【2】A.noisy B.windy C.early D.stormy 【3】A.on exhibition B.on sale C.in fear D.in line 【4】A.only B.still C.much D.also 【5】A.tourist B.stranger C.doctor D.dancer 【6】A.Surprisingly B.Normally C.Gradually D.Apologetically 【7】A.pulses B.thoughts C.dreams D.requirements 【8】A.gesture B.reward C.record D.salary 【9】A.treat B.praise C.threaten D.meet 【10】A.Basically B.Gratefully C.However D.Suddenly 【11】A.and B.so C.but D.because 【12】A.sped B.agreed C.wept D.joined 【13】A.turned B.bent C.lied D.rose 【14】A.checking B.leaving C.sighing D.focusing 【15】A.blame B.punish C.thank D.mistake |
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| 7. | 详细信息 |
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阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists found that air pollution may cause a big reduction in intelligence. Research 【1】(conduct) in China showed that air pollution was responsible 【2】 big falls in test scores for languages and arithmetic. The study is called, "The influence of exposure to air pollution on cognitive(认知) performance". It 【3】(publish) in the "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences" journal. The study took place over four years. Researchers analyzed speaking 【4】 arithmetic tests taken by 20,000 people of all 【5】(age). They said: "Polluted air may prevent cognitive ability as people become older." The study is a 【6】(warn) to the rest of the world, 【7】(especial) those in cities. Over 91 per cent of the world population live in areas with poisonous air and air pollution is 【8】 fourth highest cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that the longer people were exposed to polluted air, the 【9】(great) their intelligence went down. They said air pollution caused a year's worth of lost education. For those aged over 60, this could be several years. A researcher warned: "There is no shortcut(捷径) to solve this problem. Governments really need to take measures 【10】(reduce) air pollution." |
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| 8. 书面表达 | 详细信息 |
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你受学生会委托为校宣传栏“英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英语短片Growing Together，内容包括： (1)短片内容：学校的发展； (2)放映时间、地点； (3)欢迎对短片提出意见。 注意： (1)词数100左右； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 |
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| 9. 书面表达 | 详细信息 |
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阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 I lay on my bed, legs leaning against the wall, desperately wishing my mother would call. But I remembered the last time I'd seen her, right before the train for Providence pulled out of the station, “You know how expensive it is to call,” she said, then hugged me tight and said good- bye. This was my first birthday away from home. I missed my mom, missed my sister, and most certainly missed the special pound cake my mother always made for my birthday. Since getting to college that year, I would watch jealously as the other freshmen received care packages from their parents on their birthdays--and even on ordinary days. Big boxes containing summer slacks and blouses, packages of M&M's and Snickers , things they needed and things they didn't. Instead of feeling thrilled about my upcoming eighteenth birthday, I felt empty. I wished my mom would send me something, too, but I knew that she couldn’t afford presents or the postage. She had done her best with my sister and me--raising us by herself. The simple truth was there just was never enough money. But that didn’t stop her from filling us with dreams. “You can be anything you want to be,” she would tell us. “Politicians, dancers, writers -- you just have to work for it; you have to get an education.” Thanks to my mom's sacrifices and big dreams, I’d made it to the Ivy League: Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. As I was recalling these things, my roommate joined me on the bed. “Hey. After we study, let's buy ice cream and cake.” I nodded, closed my eyes, and imagined the cake Mom would have made. Mmm. I could see the golden yellow of each of the twelve eggs, and I could almost smell the vanilla(香草) filling the house while the cake baked. 注意： 1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Paragraph 1 As I daydreamed, there was a knock on the door.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2 How had she managed to afford it? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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