江苏省盐城市阜宁中学2017届高三下学期模拟考试（5月） 英语 Word版含答案

 “Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a product－making factory into a procuct－making power, ________ driven by innovation and emphasizes quality over quantity.

A. the one that  B. one that  C. one  D. the one

 On Nov. 11, Alibaba sold more than 90 billion yuan ________ goods on its e－commerce platforms Taobao.com and TMall, making headlines all over the world.

A. worth of  B. sum of  C. value for  D. profit for

 Younger people might like snow and cold, but for ________， such weather is very tough; snow can turn into ice, ________ is easy to slip on.

A. people my age; where  B. my age people; where

C. people my age; which  D. my age people; which

 China may as well keep its growth rate above 7 percent. ________， the rate may be set between 6 to 7 percent, for the sake of a healthy environment.

A. Differently  B. Alternatively  C. Accordingly  D. Conversely

 — Will you have a second child?

— Haven’t decided yet. We ________ about it the whole year.

A. have thought  B. had thought  C. thought  D. have been thinking

 How shocked he ________ the news that the terrorists attacked Paris, leaving 129 dead and hundreds injured.

A. was heard  B. heard  C. was to hear  D. would hear

 The door was open, from ________ he could see everything outside.

A. which  B. after which  C. behind it  D. where

 It is beyond awkward when everyone around you ________ laughing at a joke that you do not find funny, especially if it’s a joke told in a foreign language.

A. run into  B. bursts out  C. yells out  D. falls into

 The average income of the Changzhou, though still well below that of Suzhou, has been on the increase and is three times ________ it was in ㊣2001

A. that  B. which  C. what  D. how

 Having a brother or sister protects adolescents against negative feelings such as loneliness  and guilt, but they also have to learn  to ________ and to control their emotions.

A. compete  B. compensate  C. comprehend  D. compromise

 — The government must have taken measures to lower the house prices next year, ________ it?

— Yes. I guess so.

A. didn’t  B. hasn’t  C. mustn’t  D. won’t

 It was human errors, rather than the natural disaster, that ________ for the death of so many innocent people in the landslide at an industrial park in Shenzhen.

A. is blamed  B. is to blame  C. are blamed  D. are to blame

 — How is the smog control going on in our capital city?

— It couldn’t be worse. You ________ believe Beijing upgraded the smog alert from yellow to orange and then red again yesterday.

A. won’t  B. mustn’t  C. needn’t  D. shouldn’t

 — Can you explain ________ China’s football team failed again in the attempt for the World Cup?

— I am sorry, but this is the last time. We will behave ourselves.

A. why is it that  B. why it is that  C. how it is that  D. how is it that

 — I still haven’t made any progress in writing an English essay.

— ________. How can you expect to write a passage when you don’t understand the words?

A. Learn to walk before you run  B. Practice makes perfect

C. Don’t put the cart before the horse  D. Learn to fish but not just ask for fish

It is dark now when I begin my early morning walk in the woods. And now that autumn has marched into winter, darkness persists well beyond my 6 a. m. start time.

Paths have become familiar after years of hiking. But rocks and tree roots have magically appeared from previously __36__ ground.

Certainly I hit my toe against or __37__ on some unseen barriers. Fallen branches from last night’s storm __38__ in wait. Layers of autumn leaves create a false floor through which my trusting footsteps __39__. Sometimes a piece of moon donates some __40__ to the mystery path. But when skies are dark, there are no __41__ clues for where I step.

My very first night hike was during summer camp on a warm August night in the woods. Our leader __42__ bright flashlights so we would not scare away the night creatures we hoped to find.

“See with your __43__，” the leader told us over and over again.

__44__， that advice took effect. With __45__ and courage, it didn’t take long before our feet became __46__ to the ground’s textures(质地) and irregularities. Toes learned to __47__ for barriers before trusting full weight on feet. Holes and dips in the ground were detected in __48__ of possible fall...

But mistakes __49__ happen. My foot gets caught on a trip and I fall. Since the pace is __50__， there is little damage except to pride. Once __51__， I pause to feel the firmness of earth beneath me.

On my way home, as dawn __52__ day, I think about how similar night hikes are to journeys through life.

The same rules often __53__ for both: slow down, concentration, “see” with new senses —and don’t be __54__. Although the path is full of __55__— hidden barriers, false surface, wet floor — the earth is solid and firm beneath. It is the nature of night ground. It is the nature of life.

36. A. level  B. soft  C. wet  D. hard

37. A. step  B. tour  C. trip  D. go

38. A. stand  B. hang  C. stain  D. lie

39. A. break  B. sink  C. walk  D. remove

40. A. coldness  B. light  C. loneliness  D. courage

41. A. vague  B. typical  C. visual  D. conscious

42. A. forbade  B. shone  C. removed  D. collected

43. A. eyes  B. toes  C. hands  D. feet

44. A. Directly  B. Amazingly  C. Possibly  D. Luckily

45. A. contribution  B. appreciation  C. concentration  D. expectation

46. A. suspicious  B. cautious  C. tentative  D. sensitive

47. A. explore  B. head  C. clarify  D. assess

48. A. need  B. search  C. advance  D. spite

49. A. also  B. still  C. even  D. ever

50. A. rapid  B. mild  C. slow  D. gentle

51. A. up  B. down  C. out  D. away

52. A. makes up for  B. makes way for  C. makes use of  D. makes sense of

53. A. work  B. apply  C. answer  D. suit

54. A. disappointed  B. confused  C. scared  D. annoyed

55. A. darkness  B. hopelessness  C. anxieties  D. uncertainties

The tree people in the Lord of the Rings—the Ents—can get around by walking. But for real trees, well, it's harder to uproot. "Because it's a sessile organism, literally, rooted into the ground, it is unable to leave and go elsewhere." Mario Pesendorfer, a behavioral ecologist at the Cornell Lab of Ornithology. "When a tree first starts growing in a certain area, it's likely that the climatic envelope, so the temperature, humidity, soil composition and so on suits it, because it would otherwise be unable to grow from a seedling. But as it ages, these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its offspring."

And if that happens? Walnuts, hazelnuts, chestnuts, oaks, pines—many rely exclusively on so-called "scatter-hoarders," like birds, to move their hefty seeds to new locales. "Many members of the family Corvidae—the crows, jays and magpies—are scatter-hoarders, meaning they like to store food for the winter, which they then subsequently retrieve."

Or not. And when they do forget something, a seedling has a chance to grow, sometimes a good distance away. "The Clark's nutcracker, which is found in alpine regions of western North America, is definitely the rock star among the scatter-hoarding corvids. They hide up to 100,000 seeds per year, up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source, and have a very close symbiotic relationship with several pine species, most notably the whitebark pine.”

Pesendorfer and his colleagues catalogue the seed-scattering activities of the Clark's nutcracker and its cousins in a new review paper, in the journal The Condor: Ornithological Applications. They also write that, as trees outgrow their ideal habitats in the face of climate change, or battle new insects and disease, these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help replanting trees. It's a solution, Pesendorfer says, that's good for us—getting birds to do the work is cheap and effective— and it could give vulnerable oaks and pines the option to truly "make like a tree and leave."

56. According to the article, what makes birds help trees move from one place to another? ________.

A. They want to make the environment better for survival

B. They want to change the trees into another kind

C. They want to store the nuts for winter survival

D. They are forced to help trees to survive

57. Which does the underlined word in the last paragraph mean? ________.

A. growing in a better way                                       B. being forced to give up

C .making changes to                                              D. finding a mysterious way to survive

58. What is the best title of this passage? ________.

A. Birds may help trees cope with climate change           B. Birds rely on nuts to survive

C. Trees help fight air pollution                                 D. Birds make trees in danger

One hundred years ago, "Colored" was the typical way of referring to Americans of African descent. Twenty years later, it was purposefully dropped to make way for "Negro." By the late 1960s, that term was overtaken by "Black." And then, at a press conference in Chicago in 1988, Jesse Jackson declared that "African American" was the term to welcome. This one was chosen because it echoed the labels of groups, such as "Italian Americans" and "Irish Americans," that had already been freed of widespread discrimination.

A century's worth of calculated name changes point to the fact that naming any group is a politically freighted exercise. A 2001 study cataloged all the ways in which the term "Black" carried connotations (涵义) that were more negative than those of "African American."

But if it was known that "Black" people were viewed differently from "African Americans," researchers, until now, hadn't identified what that gap in perception was derived from. A recent study, conducted by Emory University's Erika Hall, found that "Black" people are viewed more negatively than "African Americans" because of a perceived difference in socioeconomic status. As a result, "Black" people are thought of as less competent and as having colder personalities.

The study's most striking findings shed light on the racial discriminations permeating the professional world. Even seemingly harmless details on a CV, it appears, can tap into recruiters'(招聘人员)discriminations. A job application might mention affiliations（关系） with groups such as the "Wisconsin Association of African-American Lawyers" or the "National Black Employees Association," the names of which apparently have consequences, and are also beyond their members' control.

In one of the study's experiments, subjects were given a brief description of a man from Chicago with the last name Williams. To one group, he was identified as "African-American," and another was told he was "Black." With little else to go on, they were asked to estimate Mr. Williams' salary, professional standing, and educational background.

The "African-American" group estimated that he earned about $ 37,000 a year and had a two-year college degree. The "Black" group, on the other hand, put his salary at about $ 29,000, and guessed that he had only "some" college experience. Nearly three-quarters of the first group guessed that Mr. Williams worked at a managerial level, while only 38.5 percent of the second group thought so.

Hall's findings suggest there's an argument to be made for electing to use "African American," though one can't help but get the sense that it's a decision that papers over the urgency of continued progress. Perhaps a new phrase is needed, one that can bring everyone one big step closer to realizing Du Bois' original, idealistic hope: "It's not the name-it's the Thing that counts."

59. We can conclude from Erika Hall's findings that________.

       A. Racial discriminations are widespread in the professional world

       B. Many applicants don't attend to details on their CVs

       C. Job seekers should all be careful- about their affiliations

D. Most recruiters are unable to control their racial biases

60. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Jesse Jackson embraced the term “African American” because it is free from discrimination.

B. The naming of any ethnic (种族) group is political sensitive.

C. Before the study conducted by Erika Hall, researchers had identified the causes of the gap in

perception of racial discrimination.

D. A man identified as “African American” is thought of as more capable than he is identified as “Black”.

61. Erika Hall’s experiment about a man with the last name Williams indicates that ________.

A. African Americans fare better than many other ethnic groups 

B. Black people's socioeconomic status in America remains low

C. People's conception of a person has much to do with the way he or she is labeled

D. One's professional standing and income are related to their educational background

62. From the underlined sentences in the last paragraph, we can know that Dr. Du Bois' hope is ________.

A. All Americans enjoy equal rights

      B. A person is judged by their worth

      C. A new term is created to address African Americans

D. All ethnic groups share the nation's continued progress

Garlic is one of the most common cooking ingredients around the world. Many dishes in Europe, Africa, Asia and the Americas use this strong-flavored vegetable.

Garlic is similar to other bulb-shaped plants, including onions, chives, leeks and scallions. But garlic is special. For centuries, people have used garlic not only for cooking, but also for medicine.

Medicinal garlic throughout time.

Researchers at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Cornell University studied the medicinal use of garlic throughout history. They found references to garlic in ancient texts from Egypt, Greece, Rome, China and India.

For example, in ancient Greece and Rome, people considered garlic an aid to strength and endurance.

The original Olympic athletes in Greece ate garlic to improve their performance. The ancient Romans fed garlic to the soldiers and sailors.

Workers who built the pyramids in Egypt ate garlic. In fact, this is a theme throughout early history -- workers eating garlic to increase their strength.

Some researchers in China have gone so far as to call hydrogen sulfide the key to a longer life.

__________________!

In a 2007 study, researchers at the University of Alabama at Birmingham studied how garlic increased hydrogen sulfide and how that, in turn, affected red blood cells.

David Kraus led that study.

In 2013, scientists were finally able to see this process happen. Chemists Alexander Lippert of Southern Methodist University in Dallas and Vivian S. Lin discovered how to observe this process in living human cells.

Their discovery has opened the door to more research into the health benefits of garlic and the production of hydrogen sulfide in the body.

In a 2015 experiment at Penn State University, researchers injected a solution that would create hydrogen sulfide in the arms of healthy young adults. They wanted to see what hydrogen sulfide would do to a small area of blood vessels.

The initial findings are that hydrogen sulfide widened blood vessels, which then increased the flow of blood. These researchers plan to continue their research. They published their findings in The Journal of Physiology.

Older garlic may be even healthier.

But let’s leave the laboratory and go to the kitchen. Don’t throw out older garlic that has sprouted. You may have thought that garlic growing light green sprouts was past its prime or old and on its way to the trash bin.

But not so fast.

Scientists have reported in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry that this older garlic has even more properties that are good for our bodies than fresh garlic. When researchers tested garlic that had sprouted for five days, they found it had higher antioxidant activity than fresher bulbs of garlic.

Also, to get the full effect of garlic’s health benefits, do not add it to food or cook with it immediately. Cutting, crushing or mincing garlic releases the healthy compound found in the vegetable. But heating the garlic or adding it to other ingredients prevents the release of this healthy compound. So cut or crush or mince the garlic, and let it rest by itself for a couple minutes.

So, are there any downsides to garlic? Well, the same reason garlic is good for us and good in dishes -- that strong sulfur odor -- is the same reason it gives us bad breath.

But there might be a cure for that, too. Yet another study found that eating an apple or lettuce after eating garlic cuts down on the strong garlic smell on one’s breath.

63. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. Garlic can be used not only for cooking, but also for medicine.

B. Workers would eat garlic to increase their strength in the past.

C. Garlic growing light green sprouts was past its prime or old and should be thrown to the

trash bin.

D. Heating the garlic or adding it to other ingredients would reduce the health benefit of garlic.

64. Which sentence could be filled in the blanks?

A. So many studies on garlic                      B. Medicinal garlic throughout time

       C. Garlic is such a healthy food                  D. Study about garlic

65. Where can you probably find the text?

       A. In a popular magazine.                        B. In a story book.

       C. In a biology textbook.                                   D. In a health report.

A new survey reviews that more than 60% of websites and apps intended for Canadian children may be collecting personal information and passing it on to a third party. The survey was completed by the Global Privacy Enforcement Network, which reviewed 1,494 websites and apps.

Focusing on trends among Canadian users, the sweep team reviewed 118 websites and apps targeted directly at children, as well as 54 that are known to be popular with and used by kids. The team’s findings showed that more than 50% of Canadian sites collect personal information from children, including names, addresses, phone numbers and photos, audio or video. In addition, 62% of sites admitted they may show that personal information to third parties. An other 62% allowed the user to be redirected to a different site, and only 28% of the sites and apps involved any form of parental control or protection.

A member of the team Tobi Cohen, outlined a few of the sites that did and did not live up to the standards of children’s privacy online. She praised both Family.ca and Lego.com for their message boards that did not allow users to post personal information, and noted that santasvillage. ca asked users to provide their full name and email address. Gamezhero.com was also singled out for allowing users to display personal information, including names, age, sex and locations. Pbskids.org, on the other hand, was praised for only offering generic, pre-set avatars（头像） and barring users form uploading personal photos.

The Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada refused to release a full list of the websites and apps reviewed. When asked what would be done with results, commissioner Daniel Therrien said that companies reviewed in the sweep would be kept informed of the findings. “ It’s our usual practice after conducting a sweep to write a number of companies to point out the things that we’ve seen, to sometimes ask that things be changed, and on the whole the companies react positively to these requests.” Therrien added.

In an attempt to help kids better understand why their privacy matters, the Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada has created a lesson plan for kids in Grade 7 and 8 that explains the Global Privacy Enforcements Network and has kids conduct privacy reviews of their own.

“We know that companies are not the only ones responsible for the protection of kids’ privacy.” Therrien said.“ Parents and teachers obviously have a role. We have a role, particularly in the area of increasing awareness of privacy issues among the public.”

Matthew Johnson, director of education at Media Smarts, said that the sweep’s results were sadly unsurprising. Media Smarts, an Ottawa-based non-profit digital literacy outfit intended to improve media literacy and empowering the youth to better engage with media, offers age-appropriate tips to parents concerned with keeping their kids sage online.

Johnson explained that in addition to educating themselves on the issue, the best thing parents could do to protect children’s privacy online is to educate kids on the importance the function of their personal data. He mentioned an initiative by Media Smarts called Privacy Pirates, an online game that aims to teach kids at the age of seven to nine that all forms of personal information should be protected and added that their personal information has value and they should think twice before giving it out.

66. We can conclude from the data mentioned in Paragraph 2 that ________.

   A. parents must be to blame for letting out their kids’ privacy

   B. the time that children spend on he Internet should be limited

   C. more children have realized the importance of personal privacy

   D. more attention should be paid to the protection of kids’ privacy

67. Which of the following websites doesn’t require kids to provide personal information?

   A. Family.ca.    B. Gamezhero.com.     C. pbskids.org.     D. santasvillage.ca.

68. What will most of the companies do when receiving a request from the sweep team?

   A. They will help kids better understand why their privacy matters.

   B. They will ask the team never to make their website public.

   C. They will ask for further information about the research.

   D. They will take some measures actively in response.

69. Daniel Therrien seems to stress in Paragraph 6 that ________.

   A. the team should develop a good relationship with the companies

   B. the protection of kid’s privacy involves joint efforts from adults

   C. the public is unaware if their role in protecting kids’ privacy

   D. the sweep team’s work is worth nothing without parents’ help

70. According to Johnson, parents should ________.

   A. guide their kids to play online games

   B. get kids to know the value of their privacy

   C. set a good example to their kids in daily life

   D. think twice before giving personal information out

In China, as in many countries, the north－south divide runs deep. People from the north are seen as hale and hearty, while southerners are often portrayed as cunning, cultured traders. Northerners are taller than southerners. The north eats noodles, while the south eats rice—and according to new research, when it comes to personality, that difference has meant everything.

A study published Friday by a group of psychologists in the journal Science finds that China’s noodle－slurping northerners are more independent, show more “analytic thought” and divorce more frequently. By contrast, the authors write, rice－eating southerners show more qualities traditionally associated with East Asian culture, including more “holistic thought” and lower divorce rates.

The reason? Cultivating rice, the authors say, is a lot harder. Picture a rice paddy, its delicate seedlings tucked in a bed of water. They require careful tending and many hours of labor—by some estimates, twice as much as wheat—as well as reliance on irrigation systems that require neighborly cooperation. As the authors write, for southerners growing rice, “strict self－reliance might have meant starvation”.

Growing wheat, by contrast, the north’s staple grain, is much simpler. One Chinese farming guide from the 1600s quoted in the study advised aspiring farmers that “if one is short of labor power, it is best to grow wheat.”

To produce their findings, the authors evaluated the attitudes of 1，162 Han Chinese students in Beijing and Liaoning in the north and in Fujian, Guangdong, Yunnan and Sichuan in the south. To control for other factors that distinguish the north and south—such as climate, dialect and contact with herding cultures—the authors also analyzed differences between various neighboring counties in five central provinces along China’s rice－wheat border.

According to the authors, the influence of rice cultivation can help explain East Asia’s “strangely persistent interdependence”. For example, they say South Korea and Japan have remained less individualistic than Western countries, even as they’ve grown wealthier.

The authors aren’t alone in observing the influence various crops have on shaping culture. Malcolm Gladwell in his 2008 book Outliers also drew connections between a hard－working ethic (measured by a willingness to fill out long, boring questionnaires) and a historical tradition of rice cultivation in places such as South Korea and Japan, given that the farming of such crops is arguably an equally boring chore.

Title: How China’s North－South Divide Has Influence on (71)______ Personality

请阅读下面短文和表格，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。

The other day, BBC broadcast its documentary(纪录片) “Are Our Kids Tough Enough? — Chinese School”, in which the British and Chinese teaching styles competed against each other, with both sides tested after four weeks to see who comes out on top.

In this unique experiment, five Chinese teachers took over a British classroom with 50 teenagers aged 13 and 14 in a British school for one month and taught them in a typical Chinese way: no talking, no questions and experiencing the severe classroom discipline within an extended school－hour from 7 a. m. to 7 p. m. In the meantime, another group of students were guided in the British teaching style: free talking, free questioning, thinking for themselves and relaxing learning atmosphere.

At the end of the documentary, all the pupils took part in the same exams in a few subjects. Next is the result.

　　Faced with the result, many netizens in Britain made a strong suggestion to their Education Minister that Britain should learn from China and adopt China’s educational style.

【写作内容】

假设英国教育部长正在向中国学生征询对上述建议的看法，请你给他写封信表达你的看法。

1. 用约30个单词完成上文的概要。

2. 用约120个单词发表你的观点，你应该

(1) 阐述你对“英国教育该不该采用中国方式”的看法；

(2) 用2～3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。

【写作要求】

1. 写作时不能直接引用原文语句。

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

【评分标准】

内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。

Dear Minister,

____

____. It is said you are collecting opinions from Chinese students. The following is my view.

____

Your sincerely，