材料1、魏主下诏,以为“北人谓土为拓,后为跋。魏主先出于黄帝,以土为德,故为拓拔氏。夫土者,黄中之色,万物之元也,宜改姓元氏。诸功臣旧族自代(地名)来者,姓或重复,皆改之。” ——《资治通鉴》 请回答: ⑴魏主是谁?(2分)材料反映了什么历史事件?(3分) ⑵“魏主”还有哪些汉化的措施?(4分) ⑶“魏主”的改革有什么作用?(4分)
Shanghai is the largest city in China with well-developed business and
industry, and also holds a leading place in China's arts, sciences and
education. About eleven million people make their homes in Shanghai. This
enormous city spreads out along the banks of the Huang Pu River, which flows
into the mouth of the Yangtze River about fourteen miles north.
Shanghai
began as a fishing village in the 11th century, but by the mid-18th century it
was an important area for growing cotton. After 1842 when China lost the Opium
War with Great Britain, the British realized that Shanghai was in an excellent
location to serve as a seaport for the densely populated Yangtze River Plain.
They forced the Chinese government to allow English traders to settle on the wastelands
outside the
city walls. Later,
French, American, and Japanese traders also came to Shanghai and were allowed
to live in certain territorial zones without being under the Chinese laws. The
foreigners built whole new sections of Shanghai, including homes, stores,
factories, and office buildings. Thousands of Chinese poured into Shanghai in
search of jobs, most of whom settled in the old part of the city. As a result
of all the foreigners, Shanghai became greatly influenced by Western culture.
During the
1900s, opium sales along with the gambling brought in big profits. After the
Anti-Japanese War in 1945, the Nationalist Chinese government took over the
city. In 1949, Shanghai was liberated and administrated under the Communist
Chinese government. Since the 1990s, Shanghai has developed quickly and has
become a new international metropolis in China and will host the World Expo in
2010.
1. The British first
wanted to settle Shanghai because .
A. they wanted to build stores and factories here
B. they thought the place was beautiful and fit for living
C. they realized that it was a very good location for a seaport
D. they wanted to take control of the Yangtze River Plain
2. Which of the
following statements about Shanghai in the 1900s is True?
A. It was an important centre for growing cotton.
B. Shanghai was important only, because it was a big seaport city.
C. Opium and cotton sales brought in huge profits.
D. Foreign settlers in Shanghai were free from Chinese laws.
3. What's the main idea
of the second paragraph?
A. Shanghai' development into an international city.
B. Certain territorial zones for foreigners in Shanghai.
C. Brief history of Shanghai from the 11th century to the early 20th.
D.
The influence of western culture on Shanghai.
4. Which of the
following can replace the word "metropolis"(bold in last para.)?
A. seaport
city
B. big city
C. capital
city
D. developing city