题目

沙漠荒凉的真正原因 高 峰     ①沙漠是地球上最荒凉的区域之一。为什么沙漠如此荒凉?按照我们一贯的理解是，沙漠地区缺乏生命所需的水，所以鲜有生命能在那些地区生存。最近，美国康奈尔大学的研究人员却发现，不少沙漠地区并非干得不能生长植物，而是肥力不够，因为沙漠土壤中缺乏植物赖以生存的氮。不过，令人担忧的是，随着气候不断变暖，沙漠地区土壤中含量可怜的氮还会不断挥发，以气体的形式大量流失，从而导致生长在沙漠里 “Experience may possibly be the best teacher, but it is not a particularly good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years March (possibly be wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act, and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience. He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning: “Experience is respected；experience is sought；experience is explained.” The problem is that learning from experience involves serious complications (复杂化), ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book. In one interesting part of the book, for example, he turns a doubtful eye toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says “The more accurately reality is presented, the less understandable the story, and the more understandable the story, the less realistic it is.” Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, March is also a poet, and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding: Don’t pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, be ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life. 67. According to the text, James March is ________. A. a poet who uses experience in his writing B. a teacher who teachers story writing in university C. a researcher who studies the way humans think and act D. a professor who helps organizations make important decisions 68. According to James March, experience ________. A. is overvalued                                 B. is easy to explain C. should be actively sought                       D. should be highly respected 69. What can we learn from Paragraph 3? A. Experience makes stories more accurate. B. Stories made interesting fail to fully present the truth. C. The use of stories is the best way of experiential learning. D. Stories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described. 70. What’s the purpose of this text? A. To introduce a book.                B. To describe a researcher. C. To explain experiential learning.         D. To discuss organizational decision making.