题目

Waste can be seen everywhere in the school.Some students ask for more food than they can eat and others often forget to turn off the lights when they leave the classroom.They say they can afford these things. But I don’t agree with them.   Waste can bring a lot of problems.Although China is rich in some resources(资源) ,we are short of (缺乏) others, for example, fresh water.It is reported that we will have no coal or oil to use in 100 years. So if we go on wasting our resources, what can we use in the future and where can we move? Think about it. I think we shou三块相同的金属平板A、B、D自上而下水平放置,间距分别为h和d,如图所示.A、B两板中心开孔,在A板的开孔上搁有一金属容器P,与A板接触良好,其内盛有导电液体.A板通过闭合的电键S与电动势为U0的电池的正极相连,B板与电池的负极相连并接地.容器P内的液体在底部小孔O处形成质量为m,带电量为q的液滴后自由下落,穿过B板的开孔O'落在D板上,其电荷被D板吸附,液体随即蒸发,接着容器底部又形成相同的液滴自由下落,如此继续.设整个装置放在真空中. (1)第1个液滴到达D板时的速度为多少? (2)D板最终可达到多高的电势? (3)设液滴的电量是A板所带电量的a倍(a=0.02),A板与 B板构成的电容器的电容为C0=5×10-12F,U0=1000V,m=0.02g,h=d=5cm.试计算D板最终的电势值.(g=10m/s2) (4)如果电键S不是始终闭合,而只是在第一个液滴形成前闭合一下,随即打开,其他条件与(3)相同.在这种情况下,D板最终可达到电势值为多少?说明理由.  
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