题目

It’s Sunday. There are many people in the bus. And an old man is looking here and there. He wants to find an empty seat(座位). Then he finds one. He goes to it. A small bag is on the seat. And a young man is sitting beside it.“Is this seat empty?” asks the old man.“No, it’s for a woman. She goes to buy some bananas.” Says the young man.“Well,” says the old man, “Let me sit here please. When she comes back, I will(将) leave here.”The bus starts(启动).“She doesn’t come, but her bag is here. Let me give her the bag.” Then the old man throws the bag out of the bus wi阅读下文，回答问题。（10分）生于忧患，死于安乐　　舜发于畎亩之中，傅说举于版筑之间，胶鬲举于鱼盐之中，管夷吾举于士，孙叔敖举于海，百里奚举于市。故天将降大任于斯人也，必先苦其心志，劳其筋骨，饿其体肤，空乏其身，行拂乱其所为，所以动心忍性，曾益其所不能。　　人恒过，然后能改。困于心，衡于虑，而后作。征于色，发于声，而后喻。入则无法家拂士，出则无敌国外患者，国恒亡。然后知生于忧患，而死于安乐也。【小题1】孟子是       时期的思想家、教育家。（1分）【小题2】解释下列划线词在句中的意思。（2分）（1）人恒过然后能改         （2）困于心衡于虑而后作        【小题3】请用自己的语言表述“入则无法家拂士，出则无敌国外患者，国恒亡”这句话的意思。（2分）【小题4】文中列举的六位历史人物的人生经历有哪些相似之处。（2分）【小题5】两千多年来，孟子的许多思想一直对后人有着深远影响。请结合实际谈谈本文观点给你的启示。（3分）