题目

材料一：15世纪，追求财富的欧洲人梦想去东方发财，开始探寻前往东方的航路；奥斯曼帝国建立后对东地中海地区的控制，使东西方之间的商路受阻，因此，西欧国家被迫另辟蹊径，寻找通往东方的新航路。材料二：新航路开辟以后，世界开始连成一个整体；欧洲大西洋沿岸工商业经济繁荣起来，促进了资本主义的产生和发展。请回答：（1）根据材料一归纳新航路开辟的主要原因。（2）首先发现美洲这块“新大陆”的航海家是谁？（3）根据材料二Pieter Bruegel was a famous artist who lived in Europe five hundred years ago. He is well known for a painting called Children’s Games. People like this painting because it is full of fun. It shows how children in Pieter’s time enjoyed themselves in different ways. In all, there are about eighty games being played in the painting. Children’s Games shows a busy street scene in a town long ago. The street is a wide and open space. There are no cars, so there is plenty of room to play. There are about two hundred children in the painting. Some play in groups and others play alone. They seem to be enjoying their freedom in the fresh air and their games. Some of the games are still played today. The games in the painting do not require children to spend money on extra materials(材料). Instead, they use simple everyday objects like hats and sticks. A game might need a rope, some chalk, a hoop, a spinning top, or even a barrel. Some games are played without any toys at all. For example, one scene in the painting shows children turning somersaults(翻筋斗) inside the fence. Even though Pieter Bruegel lived a long time ago, children today can learn an important lesson from what he painted. The painting shows us how little we need in order to enjoy ourselves. All children really need is one another. It’s not the toys or games that are found in the stores that create fun. Using our imagination can do this for us.  1.The painting shows about ______ games. A．500 B．200 C．80 D．60 2.The children in the painting are playing ______. A．in the street B．in the house C．on the grass D．at the school 3.From the painting we learn that ______. A．children today need to take more lessons B．children can create fun by using imagination C．children need more toys to enjoy themselves D．children spend much money on everyday objects