湖北宜昌夷陵中学2015-2016学年高一下学期英语期中考试试卷

    You may like chewing gum (口香糖) after meals to stop your breath smelling bad; or your mother might use a special neutralizer (调理剂) to protect her permed hair (烫发). But have you thought about the chemical principles behind such everyday actions?

    On March 2, the Senior 3 students from the IB (International Baccalaureate, 国际文凭) classes at Beijing Huijia Private School presented their discoveries, all in fluent English. This kind of seminar is held every year to show the achievements of the IB chemistry experiment lessons offered by the school. IB is a qualification based on a common curriculum (课程) for students aged 16-18 in any country and is recognized by universities everywhere.

    "Once I saw an advertisement for xylitol (木糖醇) gum," recalled Zhang Xinju. "Suddenly an idea came to my mind: are there any chemical reactions when the xylitol is working on our teeth?"

    Zhang and his partner Bu Xuan visited several hospitals to try and find out. "Doctors know that xylitol can protect teeth, but few could explain how the chemical reactions happen," said the 17-year-old boy.

    Presenting the results of their research in English to an audience of Chinese and foreign judges was never a problem for the students.

    "Textbooks for IB students are in English, and our teachers speak in English," explained Wei Duan and Han Yu, whose research topic was "The Acid-Base Reaction (酸碱反应) in the process of Hair-Perming".

    "In Senior 1 we often referred to Chinese textbooks, but we found we could understand and express it all in English by the second year."

    Lu Jiang, the school's IB chemistry teacher and China's only IB vice-examiner, is proud that her students can apply scientific theories they learn in class to daily life.

    "You might have learned these facts from you kindergarten teachers, but few think about the theories behind them," Lu said. "This kind of practice is intended to develop the scientific thinking they will need in their future studies."

    Memory, they say, is a matter of practice and exercise. If you have the wish and really made a conscious（自觉的）effort, then you can quite easily improve your ability to remember things. But even if you are successful, there are times when your memory seems to play tricks on you.

    Sometimes you remember things that really did not happen. One morning last week, for example, I got up and found that I had left the front door unlocked all night, yet I clearly remember locking it carefully the night before.

    Memory “trick” work the other way as well. Once in a while you remember not doing something, and then find out that you did. One day last month, for example, I was sitting in a barber（理发师）shop waiting for my turn to get a haircut, and suddenly I realized that I had got a haircut two days before at the barber shop across the street from my office.

    We always seem to find something funny and amusing（有趣的）in incidents caused by people's forgetfulness or absent-mindedness. Stories about absent-minded professors have been told for years, and we never got tired of hearing new ones. Unfortunately, however, absent-mindedness is not always funny. There are times when “trick” of our memory can cause us great trouble.

    Everybody has one of those days when everything goes wrong. This is what happened to Harry.

    He got up one morning very late because he had forgotten to wind up his alarm clock（闹钟）. He tried to shave（刮脸）quickly and cut himself. When he got dressed he got blood all over his clean shirt, so he had to find another one. The only other shirt that was clean needed ironing（熨）, so he ironed it. While he was ironing it, there was a knock at the door. It was the man to read the electricity meter（表）. He showed him where the meter was, said good-bye and found that the iron had burnt a hole in his shirt. So he had to wear the one with the blood on it after all. By this time it was very late, so he decided he couldn't go to work by bus. He telephoned for a taxi to take him to work. The taxi arrived and Harry got in and began to read the newspaper.

    In another part of the town, a man had killed a woman with a knife and was seen to run away in a taxi. When Harry's taxi stopped outside his office, a policeman happened to be standing there. He saw the blood on Harry's shirt, and took him to the police station. He was kept till 3 o'clock in the afternoon before the police were sure that he was not the man they wanted. When he finally arrived at the office at about four, his boss took a look at him and told him to go away and find another job.

    Norman Cousins was a businessman from the United States who often traveled around the world on business. He enjoyed his 1 and traveling.

    Then ,after returning to the United States from a2 trip to the Union of Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR),Mr. Cousins got sick. . Because he had pushed his body to the3  of its strength on the trip ,a change began to take place 4 him .The material between his bones became  5 .

    In less than one week after his return ,he could not 6  .Every move that he 7   was painful . He was not able to sleep at night .The doctors told him that they did not know how to cure Mr. Cousins' problem and he might never8 over the illness . Mr. Cousins , however, refused to give up 9 .

    Mr. Cousins thought that 10   thoughts were causing bad chemical changes in his body .He did not want to take medicine to cure himself . 11,he felt that happy thoughts or 12might cure his illness.

    He began to 13 on himself while still in the hospital by watching funny shows on television . Mr. Cousinsquickly found that 10 minutes of real laughter during the14 gave him two hours of pain-free sleep at night .

    15 the doctors could not help him , Mr. Cousins left the hospital and checked into a hotel room where he could 16  his experiments with laughter .For eight days , Mr. Cousins rested in the hotel room watching funny shows on television , reading funny books ,and sleeping 17he felt tired .Within three weeks ,he felt well18  to take a vacation to Puerto Rico where he began running on the beach for 19 .

    After a few months , Mr. Cousins returned to work. He had laughed himself back to 20 .

    Smiling is a great way to make yourself stand out while helping your body to function better. Smile to improve your health, your stress level, and your attractiveness.

    We are drawn to people who smile. There is an attraction factor. We want to know a smiling person and figure out what is so good because anxieties can push people away, but a smile draws them in.

Smiling changes our mood

    Next time you are feeling down, try putting on a smile. Smiling can trick the body into helping you change your mood.

Smiling relieves stress

    Stress can really show up in our faces. Smiling helps to prevent us from looking tired or worn down. The stress should be reduced and you'll be better able to take action.

Smiling lowers your blood pressure.

    When you smile, there is a measurable reduction in your blood pressure. Give it a try if you have a blood pressure monitor (血压计) at home. Sit for a few minutes and take a reading. Then smile for a minute and read it again while still smiling.

Smiling lifts the face and makes you look younger.

The muscles we use to smile lift the face, making a person appear younger. Don't go for a face lift, just try smiling your way through the day — you'll look younger and feel better.

    Try this test: Smile. Now try to think of something negative without losing the smile. It's hard. When we smile, our body is sending the rest of us a message that “Life is good!"

A. Smiling helps you stay positive.

B. Smiling makes us attractive.

C. Do you notice the difference?

D. Smiling can bring you luck and sorrow.

E. When you are stressed, take time to put on a smile.

F. There's a good chance that your mood will change for the better.

G. As long as you try smiling daily, it can make you look younger.

    Keeping a diary in English is one of the effective ways to improve our English writing ability.

    Compared with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes (little) time. It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English. If we persist in this practice, gradually we'll learn how （express）ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many (difficult). In the first place, it often happens that we have trouble in (find) appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there (be) many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us to put them into English (proper).

    As far as I am (concern), my suggestion is we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary. We can also ask our English teacher help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is of great use to keep a diary in English for development of our writing skills.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。

注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2）只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

    Last summer I had a chance to visit Paris. That attracted me most was the Eiffel Tower, where has become a symbol of France. I was deeply impressed by their height. I have never seen such tall building before! It is made of iron and it is about 7000 tons heavy. There have 1711 steps from the bottom to the top. Climb the tower made me very tired, but I was very exciting. I took a lot of photo in Paris.

    I have much memories and experiences to share. I will remember my trip to the France forever!

说明：开头和结尾已经给出，词数100字左右（the Pearl River Delta,珠江三角洲。Shiqi Shopping Street,石岐步行街。Doctor Sun Yatsen's Former Residence,孙中山故居。Minzhong Water Village民众水乡）。

Dear Mary,

    I'm glad to hear that you will come to Zhongshan for a visit.

    ……