If a steaming bowl of soup strikes you as the ultimate in comfort, you've got plenty of company. Soup is one of the world's oldest and most universal foods.

These are CNN's nominations for 4 of the best soups around the world:

Beef pho / Vietnam

Broth (汤底) is simmered for hours with cinnamon, star anise and other warm spices to create a wonderfully fragrant base for this noodle soup.

Beef pho remains the most beloved version in Vietnam, with options that include the original raw beef, a mix of raw and cooked beef.

Bouillabaisse / France

Bouillabaisse distills (提炼) classic Mediterranean flavors into a dish which has the same meaning as the coastal city of Marseille. Saffron, olive oil, fennel, garlic and tomatoes blend with fish fresh from the sea.

Lanzhou beef noodle soup / China

Shaping - or pulling - la mi an noodles by hand for this traditional soup is an art in itself. Artisans use a finely milled, high — gluten flour and alkaline powder to mix a stretchy dough, then pull and fold a single piece of dough to make enough noodles for a bowl of soup.

Slip them into a bowl of beef soup for a world-class soup that includes tender beef, pale slices of carrots, chili oil and fresh herbs.

Tom yum goong / Thailand

Sweet, sour, spicy and salty, this soup's magnificent broth is the ideal foil for sweet, tender shrimp. Fragrant ingredients include galangal, lemongrass and lime leaves, while slivers of bright red bird's eye chilis add additional heat.

Tom yum goong is just one of many varieties of tom yum soup in Thailand - this version comes enriched with fat prawns, and is a favorite with many diners.

About 2,400 years ago in Athens a man was put to death for asking too many questions. If philosophy has a patron saint (领航者), it is Socrates.

Shabby and a bit strange, Socrates did not fit in. Although physically ugly and often unwashed, he had great charm and a brilliant mind. Everyone in Athens agreed that there had never been anyone quite like him and probably wouldn't be again. He was unique.

As a young man, he had been a brave soldier fighting in the Peloponnesian War against the Spartans and their allies. In middle age, he wandered around the marketplace, stopping people from time to time and asking them awkward questions. That was more or less all he did. But the questions he asked were razor-sharp.

Over and over again Socrates demonstrated that the people he met in the marketplace didn't really know what they thought they knew. A military commander would begin a conversation totally confident that he knew what "courage" meant, but after 20 minutes in Socrates' company, he would leave completely confused. The experience must have been disconcerting. Socrates loved to reveal the limits of what people genuinely understood, and to question the assumptions on which they built their lives.

The word "philosopher" comes from the Greek words meaning "love of wisdom". The kind of wisdom that it values is based on argument, reasoning and asking questions, not on believing things simply because someone important has told you they are true. Wisdom for Socrates was not knowing lots of facts, but knowing how to do something. It meant understanding the true nature of our existence, including the limits of what we can know. Philosophers today are doing more or less what Socrates was doing: asking tough questions, looking at reasons and evidence, struggling to answer some of the most important questions we can ask ourselves about the nature of reality and how we should live.

If you frequently Google language-related questions, you've probably seen an advertisement for Grammarly, an automated grammar-checker. Grammarly advertises its ability not only to fix a variety of mistakes like spelling and grammar, but to replace the poor words and expressions with proper ones and improve styles too. Does it achieve what it advertises? Sometimes. But sometimes Grammarly doesn't do what it should.

Artificial-intelligence systems like Grammarly are trained with data. Developers also manually add certain rules to the patterns that Grammarly has taught itself. The software then looks at a user's article: if a string of words seems ungrammatical, it tries to spot how the mistake most closely resembles one from its training inputs.

All this shows how far artificial intelligence is from the human kind. Computers have advantages over humans at problems that can be solved with pure maths, such as chess. Advances in language technology have been impressive in fields, such as speech recognition. But grammar is the real magic of language. And machines are no match for humans. Computers can have a good command of labelling things like nouns and verb phrases. But they struggle with grammatical sentences that are difficult to analyse precisely.

To correct such articles requires knowing what the writer has intended. But computers don't work in meaning or intention; they work in formulae (公式). Humans, by contrast, can understand even rather complex grammar, because of the ability to guess the contents of other minds. Grammar-checking computers illustrate not how bad humans are with language, but just how good.

Taking an afternoon nap could keep your brain sharp, a new study has found. Adults ages 60 and older who took afternoon naps showed signs of better mental mind compared to those who didn't nap, according to a study published in General Psychiatry earlier this week.

Researchers analyzed napping habits in 2, 214 Chinese people aged 60 and older and measured their cognitive abilities using several cognitive tests. Participants took the Mini-Mental State Examination and the Beijing version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, both of which test for memory, language and other cognitive abilities. In every category listed in the study, nappers scored statistically higher on average compared to those non-napping people. Researchers did not gather data from people under 60, so a correlation cannot be drawn between napping and younger generations.

Sleeping behaviors can be affected by a variety of factors, said Dr. David Neubauer, associate professor at Johns Hopkins University. Daily routines, medication use and sleep disorders can all play a role in how frequently someone takes a nap, he said.

Neubauer recommended taking a shorter "power nap" of up to 20 minutes to decrease the chances of transitioning into slow-wave sleep, which makes people feel dizzy when they wake up. Napping can be a healthy part of an older adult's day, Neubauer acknowledged, but make sure sleepiness isn't due to a treatable nighttime sleep disorder. "Older individuals who want to do all they can to preserve their cognitive functioning should put nighttime sleep in the first place."

A new theory says that an excess (过量) of two common minerals - iron and copper - may be behind some cases of Alzheimer's and heart disease. These minerals are essential for good health.  It's clear that most Americans over 50 get a mass of these minerals. In fact, older men consume more than double the recommended dietary allowance of iron.

Not yet known, says nutrition researcher Richard Wood, PhD of the University of Massachusetts, Amherst - but he and other experts agree that if you're over 50, it's worth taking some easy steps to reduce your intake.

Reconsider your multis habit.

Multivitamin formulae designed for adults over 50 are typically free of iron, but it's almost impossible to find one without copper. Most health benefits for multis are unproven.

Drain (流淌)before drinking.

Copper tap is found in more than 80 percent of houses in this country. But newer pipes - those less than five years old — can produce higher amounts of the mineral into your drinking water.  Some filters (过滤器)also reduce levels.

You can quickly sail past recommended levels of iron if you eat lots of iron-rich beef, pork, or lamb. Limit yourself to two or three small servings a week.

A. Eat less red meat.

B. Avoid eating meat.

C. Are they really making people sick?

D. You'd better not choose copper taps.

E. Letting the water run for 15 to 30 seconds will wash away excess copper.

F. However, an excess of them may increase damage to cells, raising the risk of disease.

G. Thus, it may be safer to skip them if they're not specifically prescribed by your doctor.

Alison Malmon was a freshman when she got a call from her mother: Her fun, outgoing older brother, Brian, had taken his own 1.

When Malmon returned to school after Brian's funeral that spring of 2000, she was still 2 . But when she looked for help on campus, there was nobody to 3Back then, said Malmon, "Students weren't encouraged to talk about their worries about 4 . I started 5 on the fact that there was a great need to give help."

She was only 19 and had no 6 with mental health issues, but that didn't 7 her from launching Open Minds at Penn. Now, 20 years later and with a new name - Active Minds - it is the largest young adult mental health advocacy 8 in America. "What V m most 9 by is that my generation and the generations coming behind me are taking on mental health as a social justice 10" says Malmon. "Our tools are changing not only their campuses, but they're 11 their families too."

Active Minds' techniques are more 12 than ever. A survey found that 45 percent of students reported feeling so 13 in the previous months that it was difficult to function; 66 percent felt overwhelming anxiety; and 13 percent 14 considered suicide (自杀).

Malmon's goal has always been to 15 the prejudice against mental illness, the language and 16the word we use to talk about it. Take the word suicide for example. You don't say" commit a heart attack or cancer", 17 you will say "commit suicide". Suicide is the only death where we use that pejorative (贬低 的) word, she says. "If we take that 18 out of our conversation, we can make significant changes in how we 19 suicide to the point. If we change, we can give the people the20 they reach out for."

As a saying goes, "Birth is much, but breeding is more". Chinese families attach great (significant) to their children's education.  it comes to children's education, Chinese parents will spare no effort.

What many parents are convinced is  they must devote themselves to guaranteeing their children will receive a good education. They will ask their children to take all kinds of tutorial classes during weekends and holidays. They are not only willing (invest) in education for their children, but also prepared to spend countless hours supercising (监督)their studies, because most parents hope that their children can (admit) into an ideal university. As a result  China's Reform and Opening-up Policy, more and more parents are able to afford their children's study abroad or their participation in an international exchange program, all of which will (broad) their horizons. In the past few years, more children ( prefer) to go abroad for further education.

Parents expect their children to grow up ( excellent) through their efforts, ( make) contributions to the nation⁵ s development and prosperity eventually.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\ ）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1）每处错误及其修改均限一词；

2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Last week, a group of international student visited our school. To help them better understanding Chinese tea culture, we took them to the tea room, where I introduced tea culture, including its history, its rich variety, or the craftsmanship of making tea.

Then I showed them how to make tea. I slowly explain the traditional procedures of making tea in detail. Absorb in every move of mine, they were both amazed. They couldn't help to taking pictures from time to time. Next came the moment which I asked them to have try themselves. I was filled with proud to spread our own culture to people all over the world.

1）现状；

2）意义；

3）呼吁。

 注意：

1）词数100左右；

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

 Dear teachers and classmates,

……

That's all. Thank you!