北京市大兴区2019-2020学年高一下学期英语期末试卷

    Tu Youyou is famous around the world. She is the first female Chinese scientist  (win) the Nobel Prize. She was born in Zhejiang Province, China, 30 December, 1930. She studied medicine at Peking University Health Science Center. After her  (graduate) from university, she became a member of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences. In 1969, she  (choose) to establish a team to find a curemalaria — a disease that kills millions of people every year. It was not an easy task. They had  (limit) resources and they did not have enough staff. They tested more than 240, 000 chemicals with no success. TuYouyou studied ancient Chinese medical literature and visited experts in (tradition) Chinese medicine. Then TuYouyou and her team used modern research methods to study the Chinese herbs one by one. After hundreds of  (fail) experiments, they eventually came across a promising, chemical. The medicine they discovered was artemisinin, has now become the world's  (much) effective drug for fighting malaria.

    Many children may be fond of animals, but few ever think of making the study of animals as their career. Even fewer will be1by the whole word, 2the title of United Nations Messenger (使者) of Peace.

    But one woman has3 all that. She has lived with chimps in the African forest for many years and made great4. Jane Goodall's lifelong5 in animals began at an early age. By the age of 10 or 11, Goodall6going to Africa to live with animals. This was quite a strange dream in those days，as young7didn't think of having such “wild" actions. But she was8 by her mother. She told her that if she really wanted something，she should work hard, take advantage of9 and never give up looking for a way.

    When a close friend invited Goodall to Kenya in 1957, she readily10 it. Within a few months of her arrival, she met the famous anthropologist (人类学家) Dr Louis Leakey, who soon decided that Goodall was the11person he was looking for to begin a12of wild chimps on the shore of Lake Tanganyika in Tanzania.

    In the beginning, studying the chimps was not13 for her. The animals, fled from her 14. With a strong15, she searched the forest every day, trying not to get too close to the chimps too16. Gradually the chimps became used to her presence.

    In October 1960, she observed a chimp making and using17to fish for termites (白蚁). This discovery threw18on the popular idea at the time that man was the world's only toolmaker. The longer Goodall's research continues, the more it becomes obvious that chimps are very19to humans.

    Since the mid-1980s, Goodall has been lecturing around the world to raise people's sense about environmental20. “Let's live in the new age with hope, respect for all living things, understanding and love," she said.

    How cool can libraries be in an era (时代) of iPods and Kindles? More than you think. Only if you know where to go.

Central Library: Seattle, Washington, United States

    The Central Library in Seattle is modem and fashionable and has tourists from around the world paying visits and taking tours. It was designed by Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas and American designer Joshua Ramus. Tours began in 2006, two years after its opening. The library holds various art exhibitions, book signings and other events, while visitors can stop by the Chocolate cart for a coffee and scan through the gift shop anytime.

Trinity College Library: Dublin, Ireland

    The Trinity College Library in Dublin is the oldest library in Ireland, founded in 1592 by Queen Elizabeth I. It is the largest single library in the world, also known as the Long Room， which contains more than 200,000 of the library's oldest books. The Long Room houses one of the oldest harps (竖琴) in Ireland. Dating back to the 15th century, the old harp is the model for the symbol of Ireland.

Geisel Library, University of California: San Diego, United States

    At first glance, it looks like a spaceship. Architect William Pereira, who helped design actual space launch facilities at Cape Canaveral in Houston, Texas , designed the library in 1970. It has been featured in sci-fi films，short stories and novels. The library hosts "Dinner in the Library", which invites readers for cocktails, and also a special speech from distinguished authors.

TU Delft Library: Delft, Netherlands

    The library at the Delft University of Technology was constructed in 1997 and has more than 862, 000 books, 16, 000 magazine subscriptions and its own museum. The building itself exists beneath the ground, so you can't really see the actual library. What makes it interesting is the roof, which is a grassy hill. The roof covers 5,500 square meters. And it has become one of the most striking and greenest structures in the area.

    As traditional Chinese art，paper cutting has a long history. The first and earliest paper cutting was found in China 1, 500 years ago. But this traditional art is at risk of disappearing now.

    Luckily, Vivian Woo, a Chinese immigrant in America, is trying to bring this art back to life. One Saturday in 2017, Ms. Woo held a paper cutting show at a shopping center near Washington. She got much fun and peace doing it. She hoped more people would enjoy it. Ms. Woo began to study the art of paper cutting as a 14-year-old girl in her hometown in China. She said all the students at school had to learn paper cutting. But she had a deep love for it. So her teacher spent more time teaching her after class. Later, she won the second prize in a national painting and art competition. Ms. Woo went to America after she finished college in 2008. Soon after that, she took part in an activity to promote Chinese paper cutting. And then she was invited to show the art in many important activities. "It is important to promote this art to Americans or anyone who is interested in it. Maybe it will make this art more popular." Woo said.

    From the art of paper cutting, people can know about Chinese cultural values, history and stories of people's life. Ms. Woo uses the art as a tool to show Chinese culture to people who know little about it.

    Chinese art is not only for Chinese, but also for people all over the word.

    German artist HA Schult is an unusual artist who uses trash (废物)to make sculptures." We are living in the time of garbage, " says Schult."I created a thousand sculptures of garbage. They are a mirror of ourselves." Here, Schult was talking about his 1,000 trash sculptures in the form of humans. He first exhibited them in 1996 in the western German state of North Rhine­Westphalia.

    "They are social sculptures, " he explains. "They are not only sculptures for the eyes. They are sculptures to spread the idea that we live in a time of garbage." So far, Schult's social sculptures have been on show in Paris, in Moscow's Red Square, on the Great Wall of China, and in the desert next to the Pyramids of Giza near Cairo.

    HA Schult's work is unforgettable. Although his work has had a big influence on the art world, Schult remains modest about his creations："Artists have to learn every time. We are not important. All that counts is the time in which we are living."

    Trash art has been around for years. But it seems that only the popular artists are regarded as true artists when working with trash. Why can't common people be considered artists when they use the same things and change them into some form of personal art？Maybe it's because we all have our own preset ideas of what art is and isn't, or whom artists are or should be.

    You can be an artist like Schult if you try. Look at used metal cans. What might be done with them? Imagine them in any number of new uses, or imagine them simply as an art form. What about boxes or clothing? Boxes can usually serve as new storage containers and houses for pets. And clothing？Imagine taking old clothes and turning them into hats or hanging organizers.

    As summer turns to fall and parents are buying children their new backpacks, it is time to think of how our schools work and whether they are inspiring true learning. The schools of today are largely those of our great-grandparents. While white boards may have replaced blackboards and DVDs are used instead of projectors, schoolroom atmosphere is remarkably unchanged. Teachers deliver inert (无活力的) information to eager and empty minds who will soon lose what Ellen Galinsky described as the "fire in their eyes".

    Our view of leaning is trapped in the learning illusion (错误观念) that content is all that matters. Of course, content is important. Who would not want to have the multiplication tables memorized? But content is constantly changing. Pluto? No longer a planet. If memorization of content is everything, children's knowledge will be out of date. Classrooms at all levels need to emphasize "the six C's": content, collaboration, communication, confidence (risk-taking), critical thinking and creative innovation (创新).

    Our approach to the economic threats we see on our borders is to push for 19th century memorization in a 21st century world. Yet the facts will be as close at the Google generation's fingertips. We need to teach our children how to learn, and how Sally and Pedro can together figure out how to use technology to understand why some trees never lose their leaves while others do. We need John and Qonick to argue about the best way to solve that math problem, rather than just listen to what the teacher tells them. Today's schools should be active places where kids are actually thinking together about problem-solving.

    None of this is to say that children cannot learn in school. They can. But children are often expected to sit still, listen and repeat disembodied content. The "keys to the kingdom" of the 21st century will go to those who love to learn and can transform their knowledge in innovative ways.

How to keep yourself safe from new virus?

    After a new-type coronavirus was detected in viral pneumonia cases in Central China's Wuhan city three months ago, more cases have been reported in recent days. :

1 Wear masks outdoors

    ●Wearing a mask is one of the most effective ways to protect you from getting infected.

    ●Make sure to wear it properly by tightening up the nose clip and pulling the bottom of it over your chin.

    ●, a mask is also needed to prevent you from spreading germs to others.

2 Cover your coughs and sneeze with tissue

    Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze, or you can cough or sneeze into your sleeve, but avoid covering with your hands directly.

3

    Wash your hands with soap and running water thoroughly for at least 15 seconds.

    ● Before eating and after using the toilet

    ● After returning home

    ● After touching trash or garbage

    ● After contacting with animals or handling animal wastes

4 Strengthen your immune system and exercise regularly

    ● Exercise regularly is one of the most important ways to help you stay away from catching any infections.

    ● Make sure that shared spaces have good air flow and avoid going to crowded places such as hospitals, railway stations and airports.

    ● Seek prompt medical attention if you have symptoms of fever and respiratory infection.

    ● Avoid close contact with people who have flu or cold-like symptoms.

    ●. Avoid contact with wild animals or farmed livestock without any protection.

A. If your hands are not visibly dirty

B. Eat thoroughly cooked meat and eggs

C. Wash your hands frequently and properly

D. Protect yourself and others from getting sick

E. Wear a mask if transport or movement is necessary

F. If you're not feeling well or have symptoms of fever

G. To prevent catching the infection, here's what you can do