上海市重点中学2022届高三上学期第一次月考英语试题

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

A few weeks ago, my eldest son, who is in his first year teaching fourth grade in a public elementary school, (decide) to put a suggestion box in his classroom, though he wasn't quite sure the box would yield. The result was not so much suggestions as appeals kindness. From "Lots of people don't mind their own business" to "I am stressed out because everybody keeps arguing about little things," there was a class-wide desire for compassion, even if there is no clear sense of how to get it.

As a new teacher, my son is routinely surprised by things his 9-year-old students do, but more than anything he is surprised by how badly they treat one another. The children want to be on the receiving end of kindness but have trouble (hand) it out. On a daily basis, they (trip) up by three obstacles: lack of impulse control, thoughtlessness; and difficulty with forgiveness or letting things go.

The episode reminds me of the well-known Henry James quote: "Three things in human life are important. The first is to be kind. The second is to be kind. And the third is to be kind." I think of these words when I'm with my kids, or just being a human in our world, struggling to understand kindness is learned or innate(与生俱来的), or a little bit of both. Shortly after last year's election, I bought a book called On Kindness. The authors also present a tour of kindness through the ages, from the Stoics through today, yields one surprising truth: kindness, which seems immutable(永恒不变的) a part of the human experience as love or hate, joy or sorrow, is subject to cultural shifts, governed by the thinking and mood of the age.

Published back in 2009, On Kindness ends on something of a down note when it gets to our modern times. In our (strive) for success, we have become so individualistic, too selfish, loath to admit that we are dependent on anyone, which brings me back to my eldest son. Twenty-two years old, he is all too aware of what gets lost in growing up, and so he wrestles daily with how to promote and sustain a feeling of kindness in his classroom, for these children who are our future. His students are extremely sympathetic when one of peers is upset. "They are very good at comforting each other," my son recently told me. "But it's like they destroy each other first."

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Twenty years ago there was a debate about whether there were specific "Asian values." Most attention on the doubtful claims that democracy was not among them. But a more interesting, if less noticed, argument was that traditional family values were strong in Asia than in America and Europe, and that this accounted for Asia's economic success. In the words of Lee Kuan Yew, Former prime minister of Singapore and a keen of Asia values, the Chinese family encouraged "scholarship and hard work and thrift and deferment（推迟）of present enjoyment for future again."

On the face of it his claim still appears . In most of Asia, marriage is widespread and illegitimacy（私生）almost unknown. In contrast, half of marriages in some western countries end in divorce, and half of all children are born outside wedlock. The recent riots across Britain, whose origin many believe lies in a/an of either parental guidance or filial (子女的) respect, seem to underline a profound difference between East and West.

Yet marriage is changing fast in East, South-east and South Asia, even though each region has different traditions. The changes are from those that took place in the West in the second half of the 20^th century. Divorce, though rising in some countries remains rare. What's happening in Asia is a/an from marriage.

Marriage rates are falling partly because people are getting married. Marriage ages have risen all over the world, but the increase is particularly in Asia. People there now marry even later than they do in the west.

Directions: For each blank in the following passage, there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Now elsewhere in the world, Iceland may be spoken of, somewhat breathlessly, as western Europe's last pristine wilderness. But the truth is, once you're off the 1 track of the low-lying coastal areas where everyone lives, the roads are few, and they're all bad, 2 Iceland's natural wonders have been out of reach and unknown even to its own 3For them the land has always just been there, something that had to be dealt with and, if possible, 4—the mind-set being one of land as commodity rather than land as, well, priceless art on the scale of the " Mona Lisa".

When the opportunity arose in 2003 for the national power company to enter into a 40-year 5 with the American aluminum company Alcoa to supply hydroelectric power for a new smelter (冶炼厂), those who had been dreaming of something like this for decades 6 the opportunity. For a long time, life here had meant little more than a hut, dark all winter, cold, no hope, children dying left and right, plagues, starvation, volcanoes erupting and destroying all vegetation and livestock, all spirit— a world 7 almost entirely around the welfare of one's sheep and, later, on how good the cod catch was. In the outlying regions, it still largely does.

Ostensibly, the Alcoa project was intended to save one of these dying regions— the remote and sparsely populated east— where the way of life had steadily 8 to a point of desperation and gloom. After fishing quotas (定额) were 9 in the early 1980s to protect fish stocks, many individual boat owners sold their allotments or gave them away, fishing rights ended up mostly in the hands of a few companies and small fishermen were virtually 10. Technological advances drained away even more jobs previously done by human hands, and the people were seeing everything they had worked for all their lives turn out to be 11 and their children move away. With the old way of life doomed, aluminum projects like this one had come to be perceived, wisely or not, as a last chance. "Smelter or death."

The contract with Alcoa would infuse the region with foreign 12, an estimated 400 jobs, and spin-off service industries. It also was a way for Iceland to develop expertise that 13 could be sold to the rest of the world and 14 an economy historically dependent on fish. “We have to live,” Halldor Asgrimsson said. Halldor, a former prime minister and longtime member of parliament from the region, was a driving 15 behind the project. "We have a right to live."

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

Is there a magic cutoff period when children become responsible for their own actions? Is there a wonderful moment when parents can become spectators in the lives of their children and shrug, "It's their life," and feel nothing?

When I was in my twenties, I stood in a hospital passage waiting for doctors to put a few stitches (缝线) in my son's head. I asked, "When do you stop worry?" The nurse said, "When they get out of the accident stage." My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing.

When I was in my thirties, I sat on a little chair in a classroom and heard how one of my children talked continually and disrupted the class. As if to read my mind, a teacher said. "Don't worry, they all go through this stage and then you can sit back, relax and enjoy them" My mother just smiled faintly faintly and said nothing.

When I was in my forties, I spent a lifetime waiting for the phone to ring, the cars to come home, the front door to open. A friend said, "They're trying to find themselves. Don't worry, in a few years, you can stop worrying. They'll adults. "My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing.

By the time I was 50, I was sick and tired of being weak. I was still worrying over my children, but there was a new wrinkle, there was nothing I could do about it. My mother just smiled faintly and said nothing.

I continued to suffer from their failures, an be absorbed in their disappointments. My friends said that when my kids got married I could stop worrying and lead my own life. I wanted to believe that, but I was haunted (萦绕心头) by my mother's warm smile and her occasional "You look pale. Are you all right? Call me the minute you get home. Are you depressed about something?" Can it be that parents are sentenced to a lifetime of worry?

One of my children telephoned me last month, saying, "Where were you? I've been calling for three days, and no one answered. I was worried."

I smiled a warm smile.

阅读理解

Virtual reality

Probably the most exciting tech development of recent times, virtual reality (VR) has arrived, with sufficient options available to the consumer who's searching for an extra amount of high-tech fun. The cheapest way to get a high-end VR experience comes courtesy of Sony. Its PlayStation VR doesn't require a tricked-out PC or expensive phone – it works with the Playstation 4 control board and comes with a few great games in its library. There is some equipment you can purchase to enhance the experience, but if you've already got a PS4 you can enter the world of VR for just $400. Other high-end offerings like the HTC Vive and Oculus Rift, as well as mobile options like Samsung's Gear VR, will get your head in the game.

Wireless headphones

Combining ease of use with the ability to move wild around your home, gym or workplace, wireless headphones just make sense. And there are plenty of practical options to suit any budget. The Bose QuietComfort 35 wireless headphones are definitely worth a test drive, though. The full-size, around-ear Bluetooth headphones highlight active noise cancellation and double as a headset for making phone calls. They've even earned the Editor's Choice award at Cnet.com and can be purchased for less than $400 online.

Digital cameras

While your phone is a worthy assistant, there's no substitute for a real camera when it comes to taking the perfect picture. And these days you can get quality specifications in a package that's almost as small as your smartphone. The shiny design of the Fujifilm X70, $699, makes it the perfect companion, or you could go retro with the Olympus PEN-F ($1,200) that offers old school looks alongside cutting edge technology. Domestically, it's worth checking out Xiaomi's mirrorless Yi M1 for a more affordable option. With a high-end 20-megapixel (兆像素) sensor and the ability to host multiple lenses, it's available from just 2,199 yuan.

阅读理解

Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century, perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.

It is difficult to the point of impossibility for the average reader under the age of forty to imagine a time when high-quality arts criticism could be found in most big-city newspapers. Yet a considerable number of the most significant collections of criticism published in the 20th century consisted in large part of newspaper reviews. To read such books today is to marvel at the fact that their learned contents were once deemed suitable for publication in general-circulation dailies.

We are even farther removed from the unfocused newspaper reviews published in England between the turn of the 20th century and the eve of World War II, at a time when newsprint was dirt-cheap and stylish arts criticism was considered an ornament to the publications in which it appeared. In those far-off days, it was taken for granted that the critics of major papers would write in detail and at length about the events they covered. Theirs was a serious business, and even those reviews who wore (展示) their learning lightly, like George Bernard Shaw and Ernest Newman, could be trusted to know what they were about. These men believed in journalism as a calling (使命), and were proud to be published in the daily press. 'So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,' Newman wrote "that I am tempted to define" journalism "as a term of contempt (轻蔑) applied by writers who are not read to writers who are".

Unfortunately, these critics are virtually forgotten. Neville Cardus, who wrote for the Manchester Guardian from 1917 until shortly before his death in 1975, is now known solely as a writer of essays on the game of cricket. During his lifetime, though, he was also one of England's foremost classical-music critics, and a stylist so widely admired that his Autobiography

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

Praise is like sunlight to the human spirit; we cannot flower and grow without it. And yet, while most of us are only too ready to apply to others the cold wind of criticism, we are somehow reluctant to give our fellows the warm sunshine of praise.

Why-when one word can bring such pleasure? A friend of mine who travels widely always tries to learn a little of the language of any place she visits. She's not much of a linguist, but she does know how to say one word-"beautiful"-in several languages. . The ability has earned her friends all over the world.

It's strange how chary we are about praising. . Instead, we are embarrassed and shrug off the words we are really so glad to hear. Because of this defensive reaction, direct compliments are surprisingly difficult to give. That's why some of the most valued pats on the back are those which come to us indirectly, in a letter or passed on by a friend. When one thinks of the speed with which spiteful remarks are conveyed, it seems a pity that there isn't more effort to relay pleasing and flattering comments.

. An artist gets compliment for a glorious picture, a cook for a perfect meal. But do you ever tell your laundry manager how pleased you are when the shirts are done just right? Do you ever praise your paper boy for getting the paper to you on time 365 days a year?

To give praise costs the giver nothing but a moment`s thought and a moment's effort- . It is such a small investment-and yet consider the results it may produce. “I can live for two months on a good compliment," said Mark Twain.

So, let's be alert to the small excellences around us-and comment on them. We will not only bring joy into other people's lives, but also, very often, add happiness into our own.

A. Praise is particularly appreciated by those doing routine jobs.

B. Comment is often made about activities which are relatively easy and satisfying, like arranging flowers; but not about jobs which are hard and dirty, like scrubbing floors.

C. It's especially rewarding to give praise in areas in which effort generally goes unnoticed or unmentioned.

D. Perhaps a quick phone call to pass on a compliment, or five minutes spent writing an appreciative letter.

E. She can use it to a mother holding her baby, or to a lonely salesman fishing out pictures of his family.

F. Perhaps it's because few of us know how to accept compliments gracefully.

Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

A metaphor is a poetic device that deals with comparison. It compares similar qualities of two dissimilar objects. With a simple metaphor, one object becomes the other: Love is a rose. Although this does not sound like a particularly rich image, a metaphor can communicate so much about a particular image that poets use them more than any other type of figurative language. The reason for this is that poets compose their poetry to express what they are experiencing emotionally at that moment. Consequently, what the poet imagines love to be may or may not be our understanding of love. Therefore, the poet's job is to enable us to experience it, to feel it the same way as the poet does.

Let's analyze this remarkably simple metaphor concerning love and the rose to see what it offers. Because the poet uses a comparison with a rose, first we must examine the characteristics of that flower. A rose is impressive in its beauty, its petals (花瓣) are nicely soft, and its smell is pleasing. It's possible to say that a rose is actually a feast to the senses of sight, touch, and smell.  The rose's appearance seems to border on perfection, each petal seemingly equal in form. Isn't this the way one's love should be? A loved one should be a delight to one's senses and seem perfect.

However, there is another dimension added to the comparison by using a rose. Roses have thorns. The poet wants to covey the idea that roses can be tricky. So can love the metaphor tells us. When one reaches out with absolute trust to touch the object of his or her affection, ouch, a thorn can cause great harm! “Be careful,” the metaphor warns, “Love is a feast to the senses, but it can overwhelm us, and it can also hurt us and cause acute suffering.” This is the poet's understanding of love—an admonition (劝诫). What is the point？Just this: It took almost 14 sentences to clarify what a simple metaphor communicates in only four words! That is the artistry and the joy of the simple metaphor.

务必自觉做到温故而知新。（see）

从小受到艺术的熏陶使得他比同龄人在拉小提琴方面有优势。（advantage）