上海市徐汇重点中学2022届高三上学期英语期中考试

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

It's good to share, right? Growing up as kids, we are told to share our toys and not to be selfish. We also live in an age when unfolding our feeling is encouraged. But when does it all become too excessive? With new crazes(sweep)

Net work platforms, such as dance challenges and wearing a pillow as a dress, the question is: when sharing evolve into oversharing on social media?

What is oversharing? The term has become associated with social media, but it isn't exclusive to this platform. Imagine heading to a party and you encounter someone. Within five minutes they have disclosed intimate details about their life. some of us may try to escape these people, according to marriage therapist Carolyn Cole, this form of oversharing could be rooted in a strong desire (connect) with someone. But how does this translate to social media?

Dr Christopher Hand, a lecturer in cyber psychology, says the more details people disclose, (sympathetic) we are when things go wrong. This could be due to a belief they attract our own negative experiences if they share more. It seems that sad fishing, the idea of searching for sympathy by oversharing, the cry for help is generally considered as negative.

However, Dr Hand's research also seems to suggest that the more we post on a platform, the more socially attractive we become -the posts we bang out are positive. Even back in 2015, Gwendolyn Seidman PhD, said that we should avoid being ones (complain) without stop and being negative online. We should also steer clear of showing off or bragging, as it's now known--especially about our love lives. It makes sense -- suppose your date is going "that well", would you really have time to share a photo with text?

So, how can you know if you are oversharing? Well, why not ask your close friends in real life? They will probably be more than happy to tell you whether your posts about your breakfast or your complaints on your rainy days are too much.

Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

With the rapid growth of the aging population in China, the installation of elevators in old communities has gradually become an inevitable issue. A lot of neighborhoods are living no longer due to the living ills of their six-story, elevator-less buildings.

Recently, a residential in Hangzhou has come up with an initiative designed to the problem as to how to raise funds for facilities much-needed by elderly residents, which are called "public transit elevators. "Pay one yuan, and you can take the ride once, just like taking a bus. The price remains unchanged whether you take the lift by yourself or with your whole family. From my perspective, thissolution is quite necessary, but still needs improvement.

The greatest concern is the price. Residents in old communities have been at odds with one another regarding how to most effectively distribute the necessary money with which to pay for the installation of elevators. Most residents living on lower floors are _reluctant to pay for an elevator to be installed given that it will likely end up occupying their common area of public space. For those living on higher floors, however, the lack of elevator can often be quiteespecially for the elderly. Therefore, although the installation charge has been cut down to a very low level by adding pay-to-use elevators, how to properly allocate(分配) the costs involved remains to be negotiated. Another problem hasconcerning who'll ultimately pay for the ride, suppose two families share one elevator at the same time.

Much easier as it is to work things on paper, it requires a considerable investment of financial and material resources in its initial stage, and it will only be able tosubtle returns, at least in the short run, making it challenging for whatever authority to carry out the proposal.

Still we have to place ourselves in the position in which we can best serve the greater society and by this, treat the issue in a more reasonableso as to minimize any potential losses.

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Faster, cheaper, better--technology is one field many people rely upon to offer a vision of a brighter future. As we move into the 2020s, however, 1is in short supply. The new technologies 2_the past decade seem to mess up the things. Social media are better known for invading privacy and spreading fake news. E-commerce is3with underpaying workers and increasing inequality. Parents worry that smartphones have turned their children into screen-addicted zombies(僵尸).

4, the technologies also seem to be casting a dark shadow. AI may well threaten your job. Internet giants have changed from talent5to outcasts(被排斥者). "A mood of pessimism", the New York Times writes, has6"the idea of inevitable progress born in the scientific and industrial revolutions."

7that particular technologies might be doing more harm than good have arisen before. In the 1970s, the gloom was caused by fears of overpopulation and the prospect of nuclear disaster. The 1920s witnessed a boycott(抵制) of cars，which had been seen as a(n) 8solution to horse-drawn vehicles. Similarly, in the 19th century industrialization was greeted with9 from socialists.

However, a sense of techno-pessimism can be 10. Too often people focus on the drawbacks of a new technology, while taking its benefits for granted. Worries about screen time should be 11the much more real advantages of instant communication and easy access to information that smartphones make possible. A further danger is what Carl Benedikt Frey, an Oxford academic, calls a" technology trap. "Fears that robots will 12people of their jobs may motivate politicians to tax them. 13countries wishing to maintain level of living as their workforce ages and shrinks will need more robots, not fewer.

It's the choices people make about technology that 14the world.

As a result, the techlash (技术抵制潮) is a necessary step in the adoption of new technologies. At its best, it helps frame how society gives in to innovations and imposes rules and policies against their 15potential.

阅读理解

Flooded by more information than we can possibly hold in our heads, we're increasingly shifting from the job of remembering to search engines and smartphones. Google is even reportedly working on eyeglasses that could one day recognize faces and supply details about whoever you're looking at. But new research shows that outsourcing our memory -- and expecting that information will be continually and immediately available— is changing our cognitive habits.

Research conducted by Betsy Sparrow, an assistant professor of psychology at Columbia University, has identified three new realities about how we process information in the Internet age. First, her experiments have shown that when we don't know the answer to a question, we now think about where we can find the nearest Web connection instead of the subject of the question itself. A second revelation is that when we expect to be able to find certain information again later on, we don't remember it as well as when we think it might become unavailable. And then there is the researchers' final observation: the expectation that we'll be able to locate information down the line leads us to form a memory not of the fact itself but of where we'll be able to find it.

But this shift comes with a downside. Skills like critical thinking and analysis must develop in the context of facts: we need something to think and reason about, after all. And these facts can't be Googled as we go; they need to be stored in our internal long-term memory. Especially in the case of children," factual knowledge must precede skill" says Daniel Willing ham, a professor of psychology, at the University of Virginia -- meaning that the days of drilling the multiplication table and memorizing the names of the Presidents aren't over quite yet. Adults, too, need to recruit a supply of stored knowledge in order to situate and evaluate the new information they encounter. You can't Google context.

阅读理解

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阅读理解

"In every known human society the male's needs for achievement can be recognized… In a great number of human societies men's sureness of their sex role is tied up with their right, or ability, to practice some activities that women are not allowed to. The maleness in fact has to be underwritten by preventing women from entering some fields or performing some feat(壮举). "

This is the conclusion of the anthropologist (人类学家)Margaret Mead about the way in which the roles of men and women is society should be distinguished.

If talk and print are considered, it would seem that the formal liberation of women is far from complete. There is a flow of publications about the continuing domestic bondage of women and about the complicated system of defence which men have thrown up around their, by far and away, accepted advantages, taking sometimes the obvious form of exclusion from types of occupation and sociable groupings, and sometimes the more subtle form of automatic doubt of the seriousness of women's claims to the level of intellect and resolution that men, it is supposed, bring to the business of running the world.

There are a good many objective pieces of evidence for the erosion of men's status. In the first place, there is the widespread postwar phenomenon of the woman Prime Minister, in India, Sri Lanka and Israel.

Secondly, there is the very large increase in the number of women who work, especially married women and mothers of children. We witness the sharing of domestic tasks, and the admission of women to all sorts of previously exclusively male pastimes.

In the ancient natural society, cave men went out and fish and to fight off the tribe next door while women kept the fire going. Everyone carries round with him a fairly definite idea of the primitive and natural conditions of human life. It is acquired more by the study of humorous cartoons than of archaeology (考古学), but that does not matter since it's not significant as theory but only as an expression of inwardly felt expectations of people's sense of what is fundamentally proper in the differentiation between the roles and the two sexes.

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

A. However, take care not to do too much exercise. B. Most governments urge people to do a little every day, or at least spread their exercise over the week. C. Having a busy weekend with three or four hours spent taking exercise does more good than thought. D. Could you ever get too much of a good thing? E. But what do you actually have to do to get the desired results? F. The WHO's definition of moderate exercise includes housework and gardening.

The benefits of exercise have been fully noted and your resolutions have been made. Yes, you want to be fit and live a long and healthy life..

According to standard advice issued by the World Health Organization, adults should be getting at least 150 minutes of moderate physical workout or 75 minutes of vigorous activity per week to extend their lives, get fit, have stronger muscles and be a healthy weight. If that didn't already sound a lot, the WHO says to double that if you want to get further benefits.

The good news for those who dislike sports is that it's possible to stick to these guidelines without entering a gym or breaking into a jog. .

This Idea is in line with evidence from a study last year of more than 130, 000people in 17 countries，which found that walking to work and housework such as vacuuming or mopping the floor are activities enough to reduce the risk of early death by 28 per cent, as long as you do 150 minutes a week. If you aren't one for housework, you will be pleased to hear that your weekly amount of exercise can be put into the weekend with no ill effects，says Gray Donovan of Loughbirough University, UK.  But his team analyzed data from more than 63, 000 adults in the UK covering 18 years and found that people who favored a "weekend fighter" plan had pretty much the same reduced risk of early death from all causes as those who spread out exercise. "One weekly exercise is usually sufficient to reduce

mortality and morbidity (死亡率和发病率), "Donovan says. Even weekend fighters who did less than the recommended amount for the week fared better than inactive people.

"No level of exercise is too much," says Donovan.

"There's no increase in mortality or morbidity if you keep increasing the amount. "Just don't go too hard each time.

Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Hosting the Olympics

Today, the Olympic Games are one of the most popular and most watched events on earth. Every four years, many countries bid for the Games. Why do they do this? What are the advantages of hosting such an event?

A world-class event demands world-class facilities from the host city, and any which do not already exist will have to be built. These will remain for the local population to enjoy after the Games are over. An example of this is the accommodation which will have to be built, not only for the athletes in their Olympic village，but also for visitors. Later this can be transformed into permanent accommodation for tourists and students. The transport system must also be taken into consideration. Hosting the Olympics means having an effective wide-reaching system, which is essential to carry people safely and efficiently to their destinations. Such a transport system is a great advantage for any city and will be in service for the years to come.

Funding any great event is a costly business, but many companies fiercely compete to become sponsors of such global events as it is an ideal platform for advertising. This means that advertising profits can easily cover a large proportion of the cost involved. In addition, the broadcasting rights can be a source of finance. For example, the national American TV company NBC paid $3. 5 billion to broadcast the Olympic Games between 2000 and 2008.

Another consideration is employment. High-tech video cameras are already common in most of our big cities today, and increasing the manpower necessary to guarantee the safety of all concerned provides valuable employment opportunities. Indeed, the organization of such an event gives rise to a large number of jobs in a variety of sectors including security, catering and hospitality.

It's universally agreed that the host city gains overall in terms of improvements in facilities and infrastructure. But this is not all. Not only do the improved facilities remain after the Games have gone, but the city also becomes a significant place in its own right.

要不了多久，一年一度的购物节将拉开帷幕。(before)

不愿冒风险或突破舒适圈，你永远不会成功。(Never)