不定代词 知识点
一、不定代词的定义：不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
二、常用的不定代词:some(something，somebody，someone)，any(anything，anybody，anyone)， no(nothing，nobody，no one)， every(everything，everybody，everyone)，all，each，both，much，many，(a)little，(a)few，other(s)，another，none，one，either， neither等。 一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。
三、不定代词的用法：
1、复合不定代词由some，any，no，every，和body，thing，one构成的合成词。
（1）复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式。例如： Everybody in our class interested in English. 我们班上的每个人都对英语感兴趣。
（2） 修饰复合不定代词的词必须放在其后。例如：I have to tell you.We need one more helper.Can you find anyone else?一些重要的事情。我们还需要一个帮手，你能找到其他人吗？
（3） none在句中不能单独作主语，但可和of 短语一起作主语，但其它复合不定代词可单独作主语，但不能同of连用。
（4） anyone/any one；no one/none的用法
注意：everyone等同于 everybody ，只能指人。every one 既可指人也可指物，还可以与 of 短语连用。例如：①I would like everyone to be happy.我希望大家都开心。② Everyone\every one likes Mary. 大家都喜欢 Mary。③I have kept every one of her letters.我保留了她所有的信件。
2.普通不定代词all. both .each. either. none. neither. 等不定代词的用法。
（1）all和both的用法。
a. all和both都表示整体，但all“ 都”，指三者以上；both“ 都”，指两者。在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。 例如： ①All of us like Mr. Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语） = We all like Mr. Pope. (作同位语) ②All the water has been used up. (作主语) ③That's all for today. (作表语)④ Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作宾语) ⑤All the leaders are here./All knowledge comes from practice. (作定语)
b. both 和 all 加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分别用neither和none。 例如： ①Both of us are not good at singing. 我们俩不都擅长唱歌。②Neither of us is good at singing.我们俩都不擅长唱歌。 ③All of the teachers are not foreigners.所有的老师不都是外国人。 ④None of the teachers are foreigners. 所有的老师都不是外国人。
注意：all与none用法一样，跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。 例如：All of the students are there. 所有学生都在那。All (of) the milk is there. 所有牛奶都在那。
（2）neither和either的用法
neither 表示“两者都不”，neither...nor....“既不.....又不.....”； either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，either...or....“或是......，或是.....” 。例如：① Neither of the answer is right.两个答案都不正确；② I have neither time nor money to take a trip. 旅行我既没时间有没钱；③Either sentence is right. 两句中任何一句都对。
（3）some和 any 的用法。
a.都可用作主语，宾语，any但常用于否定句或疑问句中，some 常用于肯定句中。例如： —Have you any French books? — Yes, I have some. Does any of you know Mr. Liu? I don't like any of these pictures .
b. some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接 ① 可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。例如： Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. Some rice in the bag has been sold out.
c. any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接 ①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。例如： Have you got any tea? If you have any questions, please ask me. There isn't any orange in the bottle.
注意；当问句表示邀请或者请求，或期待得到肯定回答时要用 some。例如： Shall I get some for you? Would you like some coffee? any用于肯定句，表示 “ 任何”。 You may come to ask questions at any time, I'll be at school the whole afternoon.
3.a little、little、a few、few 的用法与区别
a little、little、a few、few 都有“少”的意思，但它们的用法和意思有很大的区别。
4.（1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别 的”。 例如：——Where are his other books? —— I haven't any other books except this one. ——他的别的书在哪里？——除了这一本我没有别的书。
（2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ..., the other ...”句型。例如：① He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. 他有两个弟弟。一个10岁，另一个5岁。②She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 她一只手拿着尺子，另一只手拿着一个练习本。
（3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ...., others ...”句型。 例如：①Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. 有人去看电影，有人去游泳。①This coat is too large. Show me some others, please. 这件大衣太大了，请给我看看其他的。
（4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。例如：① We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock.我们四点到家，但其他人八点才回来。② In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese. 我们班只有汤姆是英国人，其他的都是中国人。
（5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one. 例如：①You can see another ship in the sea, can't you? 你能在海里看到另一艘船，是吗？②Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one? 玛丽不想买这条裙子，你能再给她看一条吗？
（6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。例如： I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another.我吃了这个蛋糕还是很饿，请再给我一个。
二、常用的不定代词:some(something，somebody，someone)，any(anything，anybody，anyone)， no(nothing，nobody，no one)， every(everything，everybody，everyone)，all，each，both，much，many，(a)little，(a)few，other(s)，another，none，one，either， neither等。 一般来讲，修饰不定代词的词要置于其后。
三、不定代词的用法：
1、复合不定代词由some，any，no，every，和body，thing，one构成的合成词。
（1）复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式。例如： Everybody in our class interested in English. 我们班上的每个人都对英语感兴趣。
（2） 修饰复合不定代词的词必须放在其后。例如：I have to tell you.We need one more helper.Can you find anyone else?一些重要的事情。我们还需要一个帮手，你能找到其他人吗？
（3） none在句中不能单独作主语，但可和of 短语一起作主语，但其它复合不定代词可单独作主语，但不能同of连用。
（4） anyone/any one；no one/none的用法
| 不定代词 | 使用范围 | 用法 |
| anyone | 仅指人 | 不能与of短语连用 |
| any one | 既可指人，也可指物 | 可以与 of短语连用 |
| no one | 仅指人 | 不能与of短语连用 |
| none | 既可指人，也可指物 | 可以与 of短语连用，作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可 |
2.普通不定代词all. both .each. either. none. neither. 等不定代词的用法。
| 都 | 任何一个 | 都不 | |
| 两者 | both | either | neither |
| 三者 | all | any | none |
a. all和both都表示整体，但all“ 都”，指三者以上；both“ 都”，指两者。在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语和定语。 例如： ①All of us like Mr. Pope. 我们都喜欢Pope先生。（作主语） = We all like Mr. Pope. (作同位语) ②All the water has been used up. (作主语) ③That's all for today. (作表语)④ Why not eat all (of) the fish? (作宾语) ⑤All the leaders are here./All knowledge comes from practice. (作定语)
b. both 和 all 加否定词是部分否定。如果表示全部否定，要分别用neither和none。 例如： ①Both of us are not good at singing. 我们俩不都擅长唱歌。②Neither of us is good at singing.我们俩都不擅长唱歌。 ③All of the teachers are not foreigners.所有的老师不都是外国人。 ④None of the teachers are foreigners. 所有的老师都不是外国人。
注意：all与none用法一样，跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。 例如：All of the students are there. 所有学生都在那。All (of) the milk is there. 所有牛奶都在那。
（2）neither和either的用法
neither 表示“两者都不”，neither...nor....“既不.....又不.....”； either 表示“两者中的任何一个”，either...or....“或是......，或是.....” 。例如：① Neither of the answer is right.两个答案都不正确；② I have neither time nor money to take a trip. 旅行我既没时间有没钱；③Either sentence is right. 两句中任何一句都对。
（3）some和 any 的用法。
a.都可用作主语，宾语，any但常用于否定句或疑问句中，some 常用于肯定句中。例如： —Have you any French books? — Yes, I have some. Does any of you know Mr. Liu? I don't like any of these pictures .
b. some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接 ① 可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。例如： Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. Some rice in the bag has been sold out.
c. any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接 ①不可数名词+单数动词；②可数名词+复数动词。例如： Have you got any tea? If you have any questions, please ask me. There isn't any orange in the bottle.
注意；当问句表示邀请或者请求，或期待得到肯定回答时要用 some。例如： Shall I get some for you? Would you like some coffee? any用于肯定句，表示 “ 任何”。 You may come to ask questions at any time, I'll be at school the whole afternoon.
3.a little、little、a few、few 的用法与区别
a little、little、a few、few 都有“少”的意思，但它们的用法和意思有很大的区别。
| a little | 后接可数名词 |
| little | |
| a few | 后接不可数名词 |
| few |
| a little | 有一点，有一些 | 表示肯定 |
| a few | ||
| little | 没有一点，没有一些，几乎没有 | 表示否定 |
| few |
4.（1）other可以作形容词用，后面可以跟单数或复数名词，意思是“其他的、别 的”。 例如：——Where are his other books? —— I haven't any other books except this one. ——他的别的书在哪里？——除了这一本我没有别的书。
（2）other也可以用作代词，与冠词the连用构成“the other”，表示两个人或物中的“另一个”。常与one搭配构成“one ..., the other ...”句型。例如：① He has two brothers. One is 10 years old , the other is 5 years old. 他有两个弟弟。一个10岁，另一个5岁。②She held a ruler in one hand and an exercise-book in the other. 她一只手拿着尺子，另一只手拿着一个练习本。
（3）other作代词用时，可以有复数“others”，泛指“另外的人或物”。常与some搭配构成“some ...., others ...”句型。 例如：①Some went to the cinema, others went swimming. 有人去看电影，有人去游泳。①This coat is too large. Show me some others, please. 这件大衣太大了，请给我看看其他的。
（4）“the others”表示特指某范围内的“其他的人或物”。例如：① We got home by 4 o'clock, but the others didn't get back until 8 o'clock.我们四点到家，但其他人八点才回来。② In our class only Tom is English, the others are Chinese. 我们班只有汤姆是英国人，其他的都是中国人。
（5）another可以作形容词用，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个”，还可以跟代词one. 例如：①You can see another ship in the sea, can't you? 你能在海里看到另一艘船，是吗？②Mary doesn't want to buy this skirt. Would you please show her another one? 玛丽不想买这条裙子，你能再给她看一条吗？
（6）another也可以作代词用，表示“另一个”。例如： I'm still hungry after I've had this cake. Please give me another.我吃了这个蛋糕还是很饿，请再给我一个。
不定代词 知识点题库
I have been absent for nearly half a month. I can't afford ________ week.
A . the other
B . another
C . other
D . a more
The price system is a complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as of a great number of services.
A . the one
B . that
C . one
D . those
To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against ________.
A . another
B . the other
C . other
D . either
– ________ of us think the English examination was difficult.
– But I still don't think ________ could pass it.
A . All, everybody
B . None, anybody
C . All, anybody
D . None, everybody
Houses in China's big cities are so unreasonably expensive that generally young couples can't afford _______ without their parents' financial support.
A . that
B . it
C . any
D . one
Meeting my dear teachers and fellow students after so many years was indeed a warm occasion, ______ I'd strike into my heart forever.
A . that
B . one
C . when
D . what
Mr. Smith gave the tickets to all the students except _______ who had already seen the movie.
A . the ones
B . ones
C . others
D . the others
—What do you think of the 2013 Spring Festival Party?
—Well, great! But I don't think much of ________ held last year.
A . the one
B . it
C . one
D . which
Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my birthday, ________ beyond my imagination.
A . the one
B . that
C . which
D . something
I think Mrs. Stark could be _______ between 50 and 60 years of age.
A . anywhere
B . anybody
C . anyhow
D . anything
一 Have you figured out how much the trip will cost?
—$4,000, or like that.
A . anything
B . everything
C . something
D . nothing
You can ask anyone for help. here is willing to lend you a hand.
A . one
B . no one
C . everyone
D . someone
_______ can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn't love it.
A . Anybody
B . Everybody
C . Nobody
D . Somebody
I wanted to give you some bread, but was left.
A . neither
B . nothing
C . none
D . no one
— How much salt did you put in the soup?
—Oh, sorry! . I forgot.
A . Little
B . Nothing
C . None
D . Few
Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so large a city as New York.
A . this
B . one
C . it
D . that
—Who do you think can do the voluntary work?
—________ who is willing to help can do it.
A . No one
B . Anyone
C . Someone
D . Neither
Is this little shed ____ Tom was born?
A . in where
B . in which
C . the one where
D . the one which
— Which of the two films did you prefer?
— Actually I didn't like ______.
A . either of them
B . both of them
C . none of them
D . neither of them
The organization broke no rules, but ________ had it acted responsibly.
A . neither
B . so
C . either
D . both
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