it的用法 知识点

一、it 作人称代词的用法
1. 指事物。作为人称代词,it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如:I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。
2. 指人。it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如:①Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?②There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门,一定是邮递员。
注意:在答语中,常用来指本人,如说 It's me。
3. 代替某些代词。代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。如:“What's this?” “It's a new machine. ” “这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。

二、it 作非人称代词的用法
1. 基本用法:it 作非人称代词的用法,主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如:①It's too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。②It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。
2. 用于某些句型。①It's time for sth. 该做某事了。
②It's time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。
③It's time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。
④It's (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式,有时也用“should+动词原形”)
⑤It's first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)
⑥It's + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从……有一段时间了。
⑦It's + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才……

三、it用作形式主语
1. 基本用法:当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时,为保持句子平衡,通常把真正的主语放在句末,而在句首使用形式主语it。如:It's very important to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。
2. 用作形式主语的的重要句型:
(1) It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……。如:It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。
注意:介词 of 与 for 的区别是:of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等,介词for表示对象,意为“对……来说” 。
(2) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了……时间。如:It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。
主语:此句型可以有以下多变种变体:It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。
3) It is up to sb to do sth. 该由某人做某事  如:It's up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。
(4) it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if]… 似乎……   如:It seemed as though he didn't recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。
(5) If it were not for… / If it hadn't been for… 若不是因为……   如:If it were not for their help, we couldn't have got over the difficulties. 要不是他们帮助,这些困难我们不克服不了的。

四、it用作形式宾语
1. 基本用法:当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如:①I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。②I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。
2. 用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构:
(1) 动词+ it + that-从句。如:I like it that you came. 你来了,我很高兴。
注意:能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。
(2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。如:I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。
注意:能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。
(3) 动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如:See to it that you're not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。
注意:能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。
(4) 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。如:I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。
注意:能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sb's attention, owe it to sb 等。

it的用法 知识点题库

I would appreciate _________ you could work with us to communicate to the American people ________ there are no more funds available for further improvement of social security.

A . it that, if B . that, if C . it if, that D . if, that
As the busiest woman in the village, she made _____ her duty to look after all the other people's affairs in that village.

A . this B . that C . it D . one
—Who's that at the door?

—________ is the milkman.

A . He B . It C . This D . That
I'd appreciate if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
—Who's that at the door?

  —           is the milkman.

A . He B . It C . This D . That
His being late made impossible for the meeting to be held on time.
Sometimes he found very hard to fall asleep at night, so he went to see the doctor.
There is no denying that volunteers consider  important for them to protect the historical sites in China.
The sharpest earthquake and the suffering _____brought about have had a lasting effect on the local people's life ever since.
A . it B . which C . what D . that
People felt ________impossible for man to fly into outer space some years ago.
A . that B . what C . it D . this
I don't think possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.
Online shopping websites and social media apps have made much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones.
_____ is known to us that the Amber Room belongs to the Russians.
A . As B . Which C . It D . What
          is known to us all that the old scientist, for           life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.
A . As; whose B . It; who C . As; whom D . It; whom
is acknowledged that the shortest distance between persons is a sincere smile.
Advances in medical science have made possible to cure many so-called incurable diseases.
The doctor thought would be good for you to have a holiday.
All these noises made impossible for me to go on with my homework.
He just tookfor granted that I would follow his advice.
Lily couldn't find my missing parcel and asked me what.looked like.