基数词的用法 知识点

一、基数词的定义:英语中数词主要分为基数词和序数词两类,所谓基数,在数学上的理解是可以比较大小的数字,英语中的基数词是用于描述事物数量的多少,所以,基数词的定义为描述事物数量的多少的数词称为基数词。

二、基数词的形式:
1.从1——10 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.
2.从 11——19 eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteen.这里除 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。
3.从 20——99 整数几十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符"-" 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six
4.百位数个数基数词形式加"hundred",表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and。  如:101 a hundred and one ; 320 three hundred and twenty 
5.千位数以上 从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号","。从右开始,第一个","前的数字后添加 thousand,第二个","前面的数字后添加 million,第三个","前的数字后添加 billion。然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。如:2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight;16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand and sixty-four
6..基数词在表示确切的数字时,不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,基数词则以复数形式出现。如:There are hundreds of people in the hall. 大厅里有数以百计的人。
7.表示人的不确切岁数或年代,用几十的复数形式表示。如:①He became a professor in his thirties. 他三十多岁时成为了教授。②She died of lung cancer in forties. 她四十来岁时死于肺癌。

三、基数词的用法:基数词在句中可作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语。基数词主要表示事物或人物的个数。如:①The two happily opened the box. 两个人高兴地打开了盒子。(作主语);②I need three altogether. 我总共需要三个。(作宾语);③Four students are playing volleyball outside. 四个学生在外面打排球。(作定语);④We are sixteen. 我们是16个人。(作表语);⑤They three tried to finish the task before sunset. 他们三个人尽力想在日落前完成任务。(作同位语)
 

基数词的用法 知识点题库

—How many teachers are there in your school?

—Over four ________. And ________ of them are women teachers.

A . hundred; two-thirds B . hundred; two-third C . hundreds; two-thirds D . hundreds; two-third
More than ___________people are crazy about the famous TV show Running Man.
A . thousands of B . 80 thousand C . 80 thousand of D . 80 thousands
—David, how old is your father this year?

—______. And we just had a special party for his _____ birthday last weekend.

A . Fortieth; forty B . Forty; forty C . Forty; fortieth D . Fortieth; fortieth
(million) of dollars have gone into the building of this factory.
The door to the secret garden was locked ____________ years ago.
A . nine B . eight C . ten D . eleven
_________ students have graduated from universities in the past few years.
A . Five hundred of B . Thousand of C . Million of D . Millions of