省略to的动词不定式 知识点

一、感觉动词后省略to的情况
主语+ (四看see/watch/notice/look at,三使役let/make/have,两听listen to/hear, 一感觉feel)+宾语+do sth,省略to。
1. 在感觉动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。
1)这里所说的感觉动词主要包括see, hear, observe, notice, feel, watch等。但是它们用于被动语态时,其后的不定式必须带to。例如:  The woman was seen to enter a bank. 有人看见这个女人进了一家银行。
但是,用于以上句型的动词notice 和watch和通常不用于被动语态。
2) 类似地,动词look at和listen to后用作宾语补足语的不定式也不带to。
例如:   We listened to the old man tell his story. 我们听这位老人讲述他的经历。
3) 若动词feel后用作宾语补足语的不定式为 to be,则要带 to(其他情况不带 to)。
例如   They felt the plan to be unwise. 他们认为这个计划不明智。
4) 若不定式为完成式,通常应带 to。
例如:   I noticed her to have come early. 我注意到她来得很早。
2. 使役动词后省略to的情况
在let, make, have等使役动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须省略to。
例如:   My mother wouldn't let me go to the film. 我妈妈不会让我去看电影。
当使役动词用于被动语态时,要补上在主动语态中省略的to(主要是指make,let和have很少用于被动语态)。
2) force, oblige等虽然也表示 “使”,但它们后用作宾语补足语的不定式必须带to。
例如:①He forced me to go with them. 他迫使我同他们一起去。
②The police obliged him to leave. 警方强迫他离开。
二、主语带do表语省略to的情况
由 all, what 引导的主语从句或者主语被only, first, one, least 或形容词最高级修饰时而且从句中含有do时,其表语如果是动词不定式,则往往省to。
例如:① All you do now is (to) complete the form. 你现在要做的只是把这张表填好。
②   The only thing to do now is (to) go on. 前进是现在唯一的出路。
三、并列不定式省略to的情况
由并列连词and,except, but, than, or 连接两个以上的具有相同意义或功能的不定式时,第二个动词不定式不带to。
例如:①   He told me to stay there and wait for him. 他叫我在那儿等他。
②    It is easier to persuade people than (to) force them. 说服人容易,强迫人难。
注意:如果两个不定式表示对照或对比,则不能省略to。例如:To try and fail is better than not to try at all. 尝试而失败总比不尝试好。
四、动词help后省略to的情况:在动词help后用作宾语或宾语补足语的不定式可以不带to。
例如:Mother helped me (to) do my homework. 妈妈帮助我做作业。
1. 当 help 之后接一个较长的名词词组作宾语或当其中的不定式所表示的动作主语不直接参加时,不定式通常带to。 
例如:① Help the little boys at the back of the hall to carry the chairs out. 请帮大厅后面那些小男孩把椅子搬出去。
②These tablets will help you to sleep. 这些药片将对你的睡眠有帮助。
2. 在当help用于被动语态时,不定式前的to不能省略。
例如:The boy was helped by a woman to collect his scattered coins. 那男孩由一个妇女帮他捡拾散乱一地的钱币。  
五、why (not)…后省略to的情况;在why (not)…?之后的不定式不能带to。
例如:①   Why go with him? 为什么要同他一起去?
②Why not ask the teacher? 为什么不去问问老师?
六、动词know后省略to的情况;在宾语+不定式”中,不定式有时省略to,有时不省,可分以下两种情况讨论:
1. 若 know 为现在式,该结构中的不定式只限于 to be,且其中的to,且其中的不能省略。
例如:①   I know him to be ill. 我知道他病了。
②   We knew her to be honest. 我们知道她是诚实的。
2. 若know为完成式或过去式,则该结构中的不定式可以用除 to be外的其他动词,且此时其中的to可以省留。
例如:①   I never knew him (to) do such a thing. 我从未听说他会干那种事。
②   We've never known him (to) tell a lie. 我们从未听说他撒过谎。
但在被动语态中不定式前的to不能省略。这样用的know不仅仅表示一般意义的“知道”,而是表示一种经历,因此常译为“曾……过”(用于肯定句时)用于肯定句时或“(从来)没有…过”(用于否定句时)。  
七、介词except / but后省略to的情况;用作介词except, but宾语的不定式有时带to,有时不带to。其大致原则是:若其前出现了动词 do,其后的不定式通常不带 to;若其前没有出现动词 do,则其后的不定式通常带 to。
例如:①   I had no choice but to wait. 除了等,我没有别的选择。
②   She can do everything except cook. 除了做饭之外她什么都会。
八、省略不定式是否保留to;在一定的上下文中,为了避免重复,有时不定式可以省略,但通常保留不定式符号to。 
 例如:①I shall go if I want to. 如果我想去就去。
②“Don't be late.” “I'll try not to.” “不要来晚了。”“我尽量不来晚。”
注意:
1. 若被省略的不定式为to be短语,则通常应保留to be。
如:He is not the man he used to be. 他已不是原来的那个样子了。
2. 有时省略不定式时,同时也可省略to。
如:She may go if she likes (to). 她想去就可以去。

省略to的动词不定式 知识点题库

一 Can I have the document right now? 

一 Of course.Wait a minute and I 'll have my secretary        it for you.

A . to print B . printing C . printed D . print
Yesterday,he was seen______some money______his father's pocket.
A . steal…from B . stole…of C . to steal…from D . stealing…in
I prefer (write) with a pen rather than (type) on the computer, because I type so slowly.
Who did the teacher have      an article for the wall-newpape Just now?
A . written B . writing C . to write D . write
Make sure not to let it (攻击) passers-by while walking your dog.

I could do nothing but       that I didn't know.
A . to pretend B . pretend C . pretended D . pretending
Before he let us (go), he made us (promise) (not tell) anyone what we had seen.
Having answered the phone, I couldn't but      what would happen next.
A . wondering B . wondered C . wonder D . to wonder
He soon had them all (laugh).
His wonderful performance helped him e(赢得,博得) his place on the team.
Rather than _____ the games; he always prefers _______ them.
A . watch, to join in B . to watch, to join in C . watching, joining in D . watch, join in
Don't let yourself be p into buying things you don't really want. (根据首字母填空)
I can't choose but (keep) silence at your decision. (所给词的适当形式填空)
When I was a mere child, and had never ridden a horse before, he made me (爬上)one by his side.
This new generation of artisans will not only help (维护,保护;保存) traditional skills; the innovation they bring to the craft will also ensure the art of clock repairing stands the test of time.
I did stay right where I was, until I turned 65 and my boss made me (退休).
I had my father (repair) my bike.
The clubs let members (exchange) goods and services without cash.
A h was scrambled(命令紧急起飞) to help r three young climbers.
She won't let her daughter r________ by the river.
A . play B . plays C . to play D . playing