| 1. 语法填空 | 详细信息 |
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Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, it’s a necessary condition for many worthwhile things such as child care or friendships. On the other hand, 【1】 (put) your faith in the wrong place often carries a high price. Then, why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. 【2】 people place their trust in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that produces pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruction that leads sheep to flock together for safety and promote humans 【3】(connect) with one another. Swiss Scientists have found that exposure 【4】 this hormone puts us in a trusting mood: In a study, researchers sprayed oxytocin (催产素) into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly 【5】(high) amounts of money to strangers than were their counterparts 【6】inhaled something else. Lucky for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that 【7】 protect us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate between a credible person and a dishonest 【8】. Sixty toddlers were each introduced to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “What’s in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaiming, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look inside. Half of them found a toy; the other half discovered the container was empty-and realized the tester 【9】(fool) them. Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were willing to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstrating that they trusted his leadership. In contrast, only five of the 30 children 【10】(pair) with the “inflexible” tester participated in a follow-up activity. |
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| 2. 短文填空 | 详细信息 | ||||||||||||
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
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| 3. 完形填空 | 详细信息 |
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Is Helicopter Parenting Necessary? We’ve all heard the dangers of helicopter parenting. Remaining too _______ in a kid’s life, especially throughout college, can lead to depression, lack of self-reliance and feelings of entitlement. Superficially, this wisdom is sound. But some academics and educators now say they see signs of a troubling backlash(反冲). The concern: warnings that moms and dads should _______ “the over parenting trap”—are discouraging parents from getting involved at all. Yes, parents can be intrusive. _______, there are increasing examples of parents refusing to step up when students genuinely need their family. One mom kept _______ about her son’s signs of depression until right before he failed a semester. She did not want to “helicopter in.” That means colleges, which have spent the past decade learning to _______ parents who get too involved, now have a different _______. But the solution to both is the same: devising ways to channel moms and dads into the right kind of _______ role. Much of this began because schools were forced to cope with a generation of students _______ with their parents like never before, thanks to smartphones. And with _______ in education soaring, university leaders have started to view parents as investment partners. Most of them have paid for this education for their children or gone into debt for this education. And in some sense, they’re entitled to know and be assured that colleges are ________ their children’s welfare. Crucially, parent-outreach programs have also served as buffers(缓冲), ________ students—or worse, their professors—the discomfort of the nagging. At the University of Maryland, for example, the parent office has handled ________ for weekly academic-progress reports, which do not exist in higher education. Parents just want to know they have a place to go where someone will listen to their concerns. But now, with some moms and dads cautious of even contacting the school in the first place, those same programs are being used to encourage a more balanced approach, often via blogs, email and Facebook. Parents are now advised to be a guide, while acknowledging that the ________ owns the journey. That means asking questions, listening to answers, being patient and trusting kids to resolve their own problems. But if issues ________, or if a student is in serious mental or physical danger, it also means hopping in the chopper, at least for a little while. “When you think about it, helicopters are useful tools,” says Chelsea Petree, who is launching a parent-outreach program. “They can see things we on the ________ can’t see and get to emergencies quicker than we can. They can swoop in when needed. The key is that they go back up.” 【1】A. independent B. involved C. attached D. enclosed 【2】A. set B. sense C. avoid D. ensure 【3】A. Besides B. Similarly C. Actually D. However 【4】A. alert B. quiet C. informed D. concerned 【5】A. cope with B. identify with C. turn down D. settle down 【6】A. attitude B. problem C. approach D. nature 【7】A. supportive B. informative C. neutral D. superior 【8】A. communicated B. matched C. obsessed D. connected 【9】A. complaints B. costs C. demands D. sufferings 【10】A. taking care of B. keeping track of C. looking forward to D. taking part in 【11】A. costing B. winning C. granting D. sparing 【12】A. demands B. passion C. distraction D. priorities 【13】A. professor B. parent C. student D. college 【14】A. persist B. exist C. arise D. decline 【15】A. surface B. ground C. panel D. craft |
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| 4. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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Shipwrecked Prayers A voyaging ship was wrecked during a storm at sea and only two of the men aboard were able to swim to a small, desert-like island. Not knowing what else to do, the two survivors agreed that they had no alternative but to pray to God. However, to find out whose prayers were more powerful, they agreed to divide the territory between them and stay on opposite sides of the island. The first thing they prayed for was food. The next morning, the first man saw a fruit-bearing tree on his side of the island, and he was able to eat its fruit. But the other man’s parcel of land remained barren. After a week, the first man became lonely and decided to pray for a wife. The next day, another ship was wrecked and the only survivor was a woman who swam to his side of the island. But on the other side of the island, there was nothing. Soon thereafter the first man prayed for a house, clothes and more food. The next day, like magic, all of these things were given to him. However, the second man still had nothing. Finally, the first man prayed for a ship so that he and his wife could leave the island, and in the morning he found a ship docked at his side of the island. The first man boarded the ship with his wife and decided to leave the second man on the island, considering the other man unworthy to receive God’s blessings since none of his prayers had been answered. As the ship was about to leave, the first man heard a voice from Heaven booming, “Why are you leaving your companion on the island?” “My blessings are mine alone since I was the one who prayed for them,” the first man answered. “His prayers were all unanswered and so he doesn’t deserve anything.” “You are mistaken!” the voice rebuked him. “He had only one prayer, which I answered. If not for that, you would not have received any of my blessings.” “Tell me,” the first man asked the voice, “what did he pray for that I should owe him anything?” “He prayed that all your prayers would be answered.” For all we know, our blessings are not the fruits of our prayers alone, but those of another praying for us. So what you do for others is more important than what you do for yourself. 【1】The first man’s wife is _____. A. a swimmer who got to the island by accident B. an angel sent by God to keep him company C. a survivor from another wrecked ship D. a native person on the desert-like island 【2】The underlined word “barren” in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____. A. isolated B. unproductive C. fertile D. dry 【3】Which of the following is true about the second man? A. He didn’t deserve any blessing from God. B. None of his prayers was answered by God. C. He is not brave enough to tell God his needs. D. His prayer helped his companion get out of trouble. 【4】What’s the moral of the story? A. Never judge a person by appearance. B. Don’t lose heart in trouble. C. Helping others is helping ourselves. D. Greed is the root of all evil. |
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| 5. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 | ||
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| 6. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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In the early decades of the United States, the agrarian(土地的) movement promoted the farmer as society’s hero. In the minds of agrarian thinkers and writers, the farmer was a person on whose well-being the health of the new country depended. The period between the Revolution, which ended in 1783, and the Civil War, which ended in 1865, was the age of the farmer in the United States. Agrarian philosophers, represented most eloquently by Thomas Jefferson, celebrated farmers extravagantly for their supposed centrality in a good society, their political virtue, and their Superior morality. And virtually all policy makers, whether they subscribed to the tenets of the philosophy held by Jefferson or not, recognized agriculture as the key component of the American economy. Consequently, government at all levels worked to encourage farmers as a social group and agriculture as economic enterprise. Both the national and state governments developed transportation infrastructure, building canals, roads, bridges, and railroads, deepening harbors, and removing obstructions from navigable streams. The national government imported plant and animal varieties and launched exploring expeditions into prospective farmlands in the West. In addition, government trade policies facilitated the exporting of agricultural products. For their part, farmers seemed to meet the social expectations agrarian philosophers had for them, as their broader horizons and greater self-respect, both products of the Revolution, were reflected to some degree in their behavior. Farmers seemed to become more scientific, joining agricultural societies and reading the farm newspapers that sprang up throughout the country. They began using improved implements, tried new crops and pure animal breeds, and became more receptive to modern theories of soil improvement. They also responded to inducements by national and state governments. Farmers streamed to the West, filling frontier lands with stunning rapidity. But farmers responded less to the expectations of agrarians and government inducements than to growing market opportunities. European demand for food from the United States seemed insatiable. War, industrialization, and urbanization all kept demand high in Europe. United States cities and industries grew as well; even industries not directly related to farming thrived because of the market, money, and labor that agriculture provided. 【1】What does the passage mainly discuss? A. The agrarian philosophy of Thomas Jefferson B. The role of the national government in the development of agriculture C. Improvements in farming techniques D. The impact of the increased importance of the farmer 【2】The author mentions Thomas Jefferson in paragraph 1 as an example of ________. A. a leader during the Revolution B. an inventor of new farming techniques C. a philosopher who believed farmers were essential to the creation of a good society D. a farmer who guided the agrarian movement toward an emphasis on economic development 【3】According to the passage, the national and state governments did all of the following EXCEPT ________. A. build roads B. import new plant varieties C. give farmers money for their crops D. develop policies that helped farmers export their products 【4】Which of the following statements is best supported by paragraph 4? A. Agricultural development contributed to development in other parts of the economy. B. European agricultural products were of a higher quality than those produced in the United States. C. The growing settlement of the West led to a decrease in agricultural production. D. Farmers were influenced more by government policies than by market opportunities. |
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| 7. | 详细信息 |
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Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. “My work is done.” Those words were some of the last penned by George Eastman. He included them in his suicide note. They mark an ignoble end to a noble life, the leave taking of a truly great man. The same words could now be said for the company he left behind. Actually, the Eastman Kodak Company is through. It has been mismanaged financially, technologically and competitively. 【1】 One of America’s bedrock brands is about to disappear, the Kodak moment has passed. But George Eastman is not how he died, and the Eastman Kodak Company is not how it is being killed. Though the ends are needless and premature, they must not be allowed to overshadow the greatness that came before. Few companies have done so much good for so many people, or defined and lifted so profoundly the spirit of a nation and perhaps the world. 【2】 Kodak served mankind through entertainment, science, national defense and the stockpiling of family memories. Kodak took us to the top of Mount Suribachi and to the Sea of Tranquility. It introduced us to the merry old Land of Oz and to stars from Charlie Chaplin to John Wayne, and Elizabeth Taylor to Tom Hanks. 【3】 When that sailor kissed the nurse, and when the spy planes saw missiles in Cuba, Kodak was the eyes of a nation. From the deck of the Missouri to the grandeur of Monument Valley, Kodak took us there. Virtually every significant image of the 20th Century is a gift to generation from the Eastman Kodak Company. 【4】 Yes, there were photographers, and for relatively large sums of money they would take unnatural pictures in studios and formal settings. But most people couldn’t afford photographs, and so all they had to remember distant loved ones, or earlier times of their lives, was memory. Children could not know what their parents had looked like as young people, grandparents far away might never learn what their grandchildren looked like. Eastman Kodak allowed memory to move from the uncertainty of recollection, to the permanence of a photograph. But it wasn’t just people whose features were savable; it was events, the precious times that families cherish. The Kodak moment, was humanity’s moment. A. It showed us the shot that killed President Kennedy, and his brother bleeding out on a kitchen floor. B. George Eastman was not only interested in commercial profits, but also in the improvement of other people’s lives. C. In an era of easy digital photography, when we can take a picture of anything at any time, we cannot imagine what life was like before George Eastman brought photography to people. D. For 20 years, its leaders have foolishly spent down the patrimony(祖传的财物) of a century’s prosperity. E. Before George Eastman brought photography to people, painting was the only way for people to keep a record of their ancestors. F. It is impossible to understand the 20th Century without recognizing the role of the Eastman Kodak Company. |
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| 8. | 详细信息 |
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Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Possible Health Dangers of Air-conditioners Although many of us may feel air-conditioners bring relief from hot, humid or polluted outside air, they pose many potential health hazards. Much research has looked at how the movement of air inside a closed environment—such as an office building—can spread disease or expose people in the building to harmful chemicals. One of the more widely publicized dangers is that of Legionnaire’s disease, which was first recognized in the 1970s. This was found to have affected people in buildings with air-conditioning systems in which warm air pumped out of the system’ cooling towers was somehow sucked back into the air intake, in most cases due to poor design. The warm air, filled with bacteria, was combined with cooled, conditioned air and was then circulated around various parts of the building. Studies showed that even people outside such buildings were at risk if they walked past air exhaust pipes. Large air-conditioning systems add water to the air they circulate by means of humidifiers. In older systems, the water used for this process is kept in special reservoirs, the bottoms of which provide breeding grounds for bacteria which can find their way into the ventilation system. The risk to human health from this situation has been highlighted by the fact that the immune systems of approximately half of workers in air-conditioned office buildings have developed the ability to fight off the organisms found at the bottom of system reservoirs. But chemicals called “biocides” are added to reservoirs to make them germ-free, and they are dangerous in their own right in sufficient quantities, as they often contain compounds strongly linked to cancers. Finally, it should be pointed out that the artificial climatic environment created by air-conditioners can also affect us. In a natural environment, whether indoor or outdoor, there are small variations in temperature and humidity. Indeed, the human body has long been accustomed to these normal changes. In an air-conditioned living or working environment, however, body temperatures remain well under 37℃, our normal temperature. This leads to a weakened immune system and thus greater exposure to diseases such as colds and flu. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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| 9. 翻译 | 详细信息 |
| 学习是一个不断适应环境的过程。(adapt)（汉译英） | |
| 10. 翻译 | 详细信息 |
| 随着世界人口的增长，我们对于种植更多食物的需求也随之增长了。(so) （汉译英） | |
| 11. 翻译 | 详细信息 |
| 没有他的镇静和勇敢，一个九岁的男孩不可能在地震中虎口脱险的。(narrowly) （汉译英） | |
| 12. 翻译 | 详细信息 |
| 学生们接触到金融问题的年龄越小，就越有可能成为能有效地管理资产且有责任心的成年人。(expose) （汉译英） | |
| 13. 书面表达 | 详细信息 |
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Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 成长道路上难免遇到来自同伴的压力(peer pressure)。同伴压力可能给我们带来积极或消极的影响。请结合自己生活中的一个具体事例, 谈谈你的体会。 注意:请勿透露本人真实姓名和学校名称。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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