2019-2020年高一下册教学质量调研英语题带答案和解析（江苏省如皋中学）

1. 阅读理解

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What will the schools of the future look like? With the introduction of 5G technology, we’re starting to find out. The answer is smart campuses, with high-tech features to help students learn more effectively and safely. They also bring convenience to teachers and administrators (管理者). The University of British Columbia has what is believed to be Canada’s first 5G-powered smart campus, according to The Star newspaper. The school has partnered with tech company Rogers Communications to install (安装) a massive 5G network on its campus. Researchers at the school can use the network to test real-time 5G applications, as well as access a data storage facility (设施) similar to “cloud” storage, the newspaper noted. US tech company Amazon is also looking to get into the smart campus arena (舞台). Alexa, the company’s voice-activated (声控) smart assistant, is being aimed at teachers. They may help to run classes more efficiently, says Amazon. For example, if a teacher has to teach different classes in different rooms, Alexa can remember the teacher’s preferences, such as whether or not they need to use a projector (投影仪). Smart technology can also be used to keep students and teachers safe. At the Global Indian International School in Singapore, CNET reports that facial recognition scanners (扫描器) allow teachers to automatically lock or unlock classroom doors, while students can store their textbooks in smart lockers linked to their student ID cards. People often describe college campuses as “mini-cities”. After all, they have their own on-campus infrastructure (基础设施), including transport links, roads, shops, restaurants – even police. And just like the smart cities being designed around the world, many college campuses are adopting smart technology. The University of Michigan in the US, for example, has its own self-driving shuttle (班车) system, allowing students to go from classroom to classroom in a safe and efficient manner. Unlike cities, universities are seen as a particularly good testing ground for smart technology because many of them have sole (单一的) control over their property (财产). “Cities are so big, and there are so many players and stakeholders (利益相关者), it can be difficult. But many universities around the world have control over their estates (房产). They own all their buildings ... so they can become like a living lab,” said Gemmy Ginty, a designer working on a smart campus development strategy for the University of Glasgow, UK, in a news report by the Guardian. 【1】How is the text mainly developed? A.By giving examples. B.By making comparisons. C.By following the order of time. D.By explaining causes and effects. 【2】What can we learn about Alexa from the text? A.It offers free “cloud” storage to its users. B.It is used to test real-time 5G applications. C.It can help improve classroom efficiency. D.It can help monitor students’ class performances. 【3】Why are universities seen as a good testing grounds for smart technology, according to the text? A.Smart technology benefits students the most. B.Universities are full of laboratories and researchers. C.Sole control over their properties makes it easier to test new tech. D.There are many players and stakeholders on university campuses.

2. 阅读理解

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It’s a land where winter darkness is long, and summers bring continuous sunlight. However, people are very happy in Finland, despite the country’s natural challenges. Last month, the nation was named the happiest on Earth, according to the 2018 World Happiness Report released by the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network. The Finns certainly have a high range of happiness, Eric Weiner wrote in his 2008 book The Geography of Bliss. There’s a stereotype (刻板印象) that Finns are introverted (内向的) and shy, because they often stay silent. But in fact, “for Finns, it is extremely rude to interrupt someone. This leads to us making pauses or taking our time to talk”, Krista Huhtala-jenks, a senior officer at Finland’s Ministry of Transport and Communications, explained to CNN. Perhaps Finland’s love for heavy metal music and tango reveals the country’s true personality, however. Indeed, young Finns love heavy metal, while tango remains a huge part of Finnish culture for the older generation. The passionate dance started in Argentina, but it’s Finland that became the tango capital of the world. Every July, the Finnish town of Seinajoki draws thousands of people from all over the world to a four-day tango festival. During the festival, a tango king and queen are chosen. Another trademark (特征) of Finnish culture is the sauna (桑拿). According to CNN, the nation has about 3.5 million saunas – roughly one for every 1.6 people. And 99 percent of Finns take at least one sauna a week, BBC News reported. In Finns’ eyes, saunas are closely related to well-being. For example, if a person gets sick, he or she will take a sauna. Many women also prefer to give birth in a sauna, because “the walls of traditional smoke saunas were lined with naturally bacteria-resistant soot (抑菌的煤烟灰), making them the cleanest room in the house”, BBC News noted. Medical benefits aside, the sauna is also seen as a place to collect your thoughts. “Sauna is for your mind. It really helps you to calm down in a modern society where it is never quiet,” Jarmo Lehtola from the Finnish Sauna Society, told BBC News. “If somebody wants to understand what it is to be a Finn, they have to understand what a sauna is. If you do not experience sauna, you do not experience Finland.” 【1】According to Huhtala-jenks, why do Finns often remain silent? A.They are too introverted to talk. B.They prefer to take time to think. C.They have plenty of time for conversation. D.They believe it’s impolite to interrupt others. 【2】How does the author show the sauna’s popularity in Finland? A.By giving examples. B.By raising questions. C.By presenting data. D.By making a comparison. 【3】How do Finns believe saunas benefit people? A.They help people to recover from cancer. B.They can reduce the pain of giving birth. C.They help people keep a peaceful mind. D.They’re a good place to look for inspiration. 【4】What’s the author’s main purpose in writing the article? A.To explore the interesting history of Finland. B.To introduce some aspects of Finnish culture. C.To study Finns’ true personality. D.To show Finlands’s love for saunas.

3. 阅读理解

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US cosmologist (宇宙学家) Carl Sagan once said: “Across the sea of space, the stars are other suns.” For centuries, human beings have dreamed of traveling into space, orbiting (围绕......运行) our little blue planet, and appreciating incredible views of sunrises and sunsets. And soon, it seems that our dream will finally come true, as US startup Orion Span announced on April 6 that it planned to launch the first hotel in space in 2021. It will be ready to welcome guests the following year. The space hotel, Aurora Station, will orbit 320 kilometers above Earth, circling it every 90 minutes. It’s capable of housing two crew members and four guests. The crew members will likely be former NASA astronauts who worked on the International Space Station. However, there’s a catch: Each guest must pay at least $9.5 million (60 million yuan) for a 12-day stay at the hotel. Once aboard the Aurora Station, guests will find many exciting things to do. According to Orion Span, guests can enjoy the excitement of zero-gravity as they fly throughout the space hotel. They can watch 16 sunrises and sunsets every day and view the northern and southern auroras (极光) through the many windows. They can take part in research experiments like growing food, and even take it home as a souvenir. And they can stay in touch with their families and friends via a high-speed internet connection. But most importantly, the trip will offer a real sense of what it’s like to live in space. “The premise (前提) of Aurora Station is for guests to live, feel, and [breathe] what it’s like to be an astronaut,” Frank Bunger, founder of Orion Span, told the Robb Report. “The food and drinks are freeze-dried products. It’s not going to be five-star dining … Fire and gas don’t work the same way in space as they do on Earth.” To better prepare guests for space travel, the company will require a health screening and provide a three-month training program that helps guests understand basic spaceflight, orbital mechanics (轨道力学) and life in the pressurized environment of space. Some may have doubts about the project, but the company even has plans to turn part of Aurora Station into private apartments. “Future Aurora owners can live in, visit, or sublease (转租) their space [apartment],” Bunger said in a news release. “This is an exciting frontier (待开发的领域) and Orion Span is proud to pave the way.” 【1】What can we learn about Aurora Station? A.It will be open to guests in 2021. B.It can only serve four guests at a time. C.It costs every guest $9.5 million a week. D.It will invite NASA to train the guests. 【2】What can guests do on Aurora Station? A.View beautiful auroras. B.Fly outside the space hotel. C.Buy various souvenirs. D.Enjoy five-star meals. 【3】According to Bunger, what is the main purpose of Aurora Station? A.To help people learn more about space. B.To offer comfortable space travel experiences. C.To provide real experiences of living in space. D.To prepare people for future space exploration. 【4】What can be inferred about Aurora Station from the last two paragraphs? A.It’s ready for guests to book their first trip. B.Few people are optimistic about its future. C.Its guests must have a basic knowledge of space travel. D.Private apartments are the most popular choice among its guests.

4. 阅读理解

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Jack Rummler was in the hospital, but he kept emailing his journalism teacher and classmates at Boone High School in the US. He wanted to stay on top of his newspaper work and didn’t want anyone else to be stuck with the tasks he’d taken on. “He would be in the hospital writing stories,” said Renee Burke, his teacher at the time. “He wouldn’t stop worrying about us.” Rummler, 18, said he did this because he enjoyed high school journalism so much. “Every little aspect of it.” He is a compassionate (有同情心的) student, Burke said, who always seems to be thinking about others, even when he faces his own challenges. Born with spina bifida (脊柱分裂), he walks with a limp (走路一瘸一拐) and has had about 12 surgeries. Two years ago, medical problems kept him out of school for weeks. Yet, he never wanted to be treated differently, Burke said, nor did he avoid doing anything that might be physically challenging for him, such as filming football games. During his high school life, he worked his way up from staff member to editor-in-chief of the Boone paper. And last month, he won the “student journalist of the year” award from the Florida Scholastic Press Association. The contest required student journalists to put together examples of their work and their ability to be “backpack journalists” who could take on many types of assignments. Rummler’s examples included stories and opinion pieces, a graphic he’d designed about school construction, and a TV commercial (广告) for the paper’s online site. “I think one of the things that journalism taught me is to always be aware of what’s going on in the world,” he said. His school paper publishes in print four times a year, as well as online. The last issue he worked on was about graduation, showcasing the accomplishments of top students and athletes, among other soon-to-be graduates. In August, Rummler will start at the University of Florida, where he plans to study environmental sustainability and communications. “Whatever he does, he’s going to be great at it,” said Bridgette Norris, the current journalism teacher at Boone, who taught him this past school year. 【1】Which of the following words best describe Rummler? A.Hardworking and modest. B.Optimistic and creative. C.Humorous and talented. D.Strong-minded and considerate. 【2】What can we learn about Rummler? A.He has had more than 20 surgeries. B.He is willing to accept difficult tasks. C.He has never missed school because of his disease. D.He will soon be the editor-in-chief of the Boone newspaper. 【3】What won Rummler the “student journalist of the year” award? A.His willingness to accept challenges. B.His contribution to his high school paper. C.His ability to create a variety of news works. D.His inspiring reports about graduation. 【4】How does Norris feel about Rummler’s life in college? A.Confident. B.Doubtful. C.Surprised. D.Worried.

5.

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Reflect on our relation with nature UK physicist Isaac Newton once said, “ 【1】.” Indeed, Mother Nature can provide almost everything human beings need if we follow her rules. But if we break the rules, she is likely to be cruel and lash out (迅猛攻击) at us. The outbreak of the novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) in China and some other countries at the beginning of this year is an example. 【2】 and probably has an intermediate host. It’s said that the virus originated from the Huanan Seafood Market in Wuhan, Hubei province, where live wild animals were sold. The Wall Street Journal reported that Dr Peter Daszak, president of the US-based health organization EcoHealth Alliance, said, “This outbreak is a lesson for us. On a global scale (规模), human population density (密度), wildlife diversity, and land use change are what drive new pandemics (流行病).” In the ancient times, people needed to rely on nature to survive so they held it in awe . For example, the American Indians believed that humans are a part of nature and nature is a part of humans. 【3】 However, as human beings master more knowledge and make more advanced tools, people try to change and even conquer nature. They use more land to make buildings, genetically modify (改变) plants, capture some wild and odd animals to suit their own needs. In this process, humans gradually lose contact with nature and even throw it out of balance. 【4】, Brian Lamacraft at Medium said it’s time for people to “reflect on our relationship with our planet” and “reconnect with this world and everything that we’ve been given”. After all, according to US poet Gary Snyder, “【5】” A.Nature is not the place to visit. It’s our home B.Nature is pleased with simplicity and nature is no dummy C.Chinese ancients always pursued the harmony between nature and human beings D.It reminds us that the past outbreaks did severe damage to the human society E.Although we don’t know for sure what first caused the NCP outbreak F.The new coronavirus is similar to a virus found in a bat in 2017 G.The only mother of human beings are now facing a great threat-environmental problem

6. 完形填空

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We all love our parents and turn to them when we’re in need, but would you like them to hear the ______ you have with your friends in the school playground or lunch queue? Social networking sites, such as micro-blog, blog and the Facebook, have actually become ______ of the school hallways(走廊), so would you add your parents as “friends” and allow them to ______ your online ______ and conversations with friends? In the past the generation gap included a technology gap, where children were ______ with latest technology and parents were left behind, content to continue their day-to-day lives as they always had because they had no ______ to be good at new technology. ______, more and more parents are beginning to ______ just how important social networks are in their lives. This realization has given many parents the ____ to educate themselves about social networking sites. These days many people are ______ to social networking sites because they can choose who they have around them; there’s also a certain amount of control over ______ that we don’t get in real life. Sometimes we feel that privacy is ______ when we must accept a “friend” request from a parent or family member. It’s a difficult choice whether or not to allow a parent to become a part of our ______ lives. On the one hand we don’t want to “refuse” their request because that might hurt their feelings or make them feel you have something to ______. On the other hand if you do accept, then you could have a(n) ______ of being watched and no longer feel ______ to comment or communicate the way you did before. A recent survey suggested that parents shouldn’t take it personally if their child ignores their request: “When a teen ignores a parent’s friend request, it doesn’t ______ mean that they are hiding something, but it could mean that this is one part of their life where they want to be truly _______.” Perhaps talking with parents and giving explanations would help soften the ______ if you do choose not to ______ them to your friends list. 【1】A. quarrels B. conversations C. debates D. bargains 【2】A. explosions B. focuses C. extensions D. definitions 【3】A. spread B. decide C. repeat D. view 【4】A. habits B. activities C. images D. shows 【5】A. in association B. in conflict C. side by side D. up to date 【6】A. need B. choice C. money D. time 【7】A. However B. Indeed C. Thus D. Otherwise 【8】A. advocate B. realize C. deny D. doubt 【9】A. excuse B. ability C. motivation D. chance 【10】A. exposed B. attracted C. adapted D. committed 【11】A. privacy B. privilege C. personality D. process 【12】A. interpreted B. interacted C. insulted D. invaded 【13】A. school B. online C. family D. social 【14】A. avoid B. dislike C. hide D. refuse 【15】A. guilt B. memory C. sense D. obligation 【16】A. worried B. satisfied C. real D. free 【17】A. nevertheless B. necessarily C. possibly D. entirely 【18】A. independent B. available C. popular D. responsible 【19】A. voice B. hatred C. result D. blow 【20】A. show B. apply C. add D. force

7. 语法填空

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阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 RealCine is unlike an ordinary film. The technology【1】it is virtual reality. When you see the film, it 【2】(excite) all your five senses. It can make you feel you are a character in the film. When you see the film【3】(set) in the Himalayas, you can not only feel every step of climbing a mountain【4】also experience the cold, smells, sights, and sounds of the【5】 (surround) environment. In order to make you feel that you are actually in the film, special headsets 【6】(design) to enable you to see the whole world of 3D animation and hear the sound clearly. The direction 【7】you want to go is indicated by the movements of the headset. And these movements are monitored【8】(continue) as you move around inside the film. Smells are given out【9】the small opening in the headsets. Both the headsets and the gloves【10】(connect) to computer network in the VR studio.

8. 书面表达

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假如你叫李华，是一位中学生。学了Healthy Eating话题后，你想用英语给21th Century报社的编辑写一封信，反映你对当今学生饮食的看法，包括以下要点： 1．越来越多的学生喜欢吃西式快餐，结果摄入大量的糖和脂肪； 2．人们对中餐和西式快餐哪种更健康有不同看法； 3．你认为中餐更健康，并说出你的理由。 注意：1.词数80-100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Editor， _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours， Li Hua

9. 书面表达

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阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 A friend of mine, named Jack, received an expensive car from his brother as a Christmas present. On Christmas Eve when Jack came out of his office, a street urchin(顽童) was walking around the shining car.“Is this your car, sir?” he asked. Jack answered, “Yes，my brother gave it to me for Christmas.” The boy was surprised.“You mean your brother gave it to you and it cost you nothing? Sir, I wish...”He hesitated(犹豫)．Jack thought of course he knew what the boy wanted, but what the boy said surprised him greatly. “I wish,” the boy went on,“that I could be a brother like that.” Jack looked at the boy in surprise，and then he said again，“Would you like to take a ride in my car?” “Oh yes, I’d love to.” the boy answered. After a short ride, the boy turned and with his eyes shining, said, “Sir, would you mind driving in front of my house” Jack smiled a little. He thought he knew what the boy wanted. He wanted to show his neighbors that he could ride home in a big car. But Jack was wrong again.“Will you stop where those two steps are?” the boy asked. 注意： 1．所续写短文的词数应为150词左右； 2．续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好； Paragraph 1： He got out and ran up to the steps. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2： Jack got out and lifted the boy to the front seat of his car. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________