| 1. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
|
Known for its complicated, seemingly wavelike sandstone walls and the rays of sunlight that shine into them, Arizona's Antelope Canyon（羚羊峡谷）is an everlasting attraction for tourists. It's a slot canyon, meaning it formed from water carving it out over millions of years. It sits about 3, 700 feet above sea level and takes its name from the antelope that once lived in it. The canyon forms part of Lake Powell Navajo Tribal Park in the Navajo Nation. The Navajo Nation limits visits to either the Upper or Lower Antelope Canyon to two hours and requires all visitors to be led by authorized guides. If you're planning a trip and need help deciding which area to visit, keep these recommendations in mind. •When: Tours are available twice a day during the week year-round, though exact times vary by season；tours are not available on weekends or major holidays. •Cost: Tour companies 5 fees vary, but tickets, including entrance to the park, generally start at around $ 60 for 90-minute tours of Upper Antelope Canyon. Tours of Lower Antelope Canyon tend to be around an hour and generally cost around $ 40 per adult and $ 20 for children. • Must-know tip: Most of Arizona does not follow daylight saving time, though the Navajo Nation, where Antelope Canyon is located, does. Check with your tour operator to confirm the precise time of your tour. Antelope Canyon hosts tons of visitors and, in order to protect the canyon walls from damage, no bags of any kind are permitted in either the Upper or Lower section. Also keep in mind that while most tour companies welcome small children, not all of them will. 【1】What makes Antelope Canyon attractive? A.Its remarkable height. B.The origin of its name. C.Its unique natural feature. D.he process of its formation. 【2】How much may a couple pay for a one-hour tour in Lower Antelope Canyon? A.$60. B.$80. C.$ 100. D.$120. 【3】What must be kept in mind about the Antelope Canyon tour? A.The age limit for kids. B.The definite tour time. C.Carrying a small backpack. D.Booking tickets in tour agencies. |
|
| 2. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
|
I waited until my Ph. D. committee had left the room to break down. I had just failed my dissertation proposal defense (学位论文答辩)－a poor start to my fourth year of grad school (研究生院). My committee members had told me that my experiments were too small-scale, my ideas not deep enough. I realize now that they were pushing me because they believed in me. But at that moment, all I could hear was the voice in my head telling me that I’d failed. For the next 4 months, I lacked focus at work. I no longer double-checked my experiments, and I had trouble finding the energy to even think about re-writing my proposal. Actually, the outcome of my proposal defense wasn’t the only cause of my slump. After some thought, it dawned on me that I had been putting undue pressure on myself throughout grad school. To believe I was making good progress, I needed external validation-an award, positive results, or praise from professors I respected. When I didn’t get those things at every opportunity, I felt I was not on the right track. When I didn’t pass the defense, the failure confirmed my self-doubts. Eventually, as my loss of confidence became a bigger problem, I knew that I had to do something about it. I decided that I needed to set healthier standards for myself. I did not have control over how much praise I received. The only thing I had control over, I realized, was the effort I put forth. I went into my second proposal defense with a much more positive mindset (思维模式) along with grander experiments in my proposal and passed. I’m pleased to report that my new approach has helped me regain confidence in myself — and my work — and I’m more productive as a result. I hope that I can help other students realize that external validation is not always guaranteed, and if they are doing their best, that is good enough. 【1】What directly leads to the failure of the author’s first defense? A.Imperfection of his proposal. B.His negative mindset. C.The committee’s lack of confidence. D.The choice of his experiments. 【2】What can we learn about the author from paragraph 3? A.He was under a lot of pressure from his parents. B.He made progress with the help of his professor. C.He used to overemphasize the recognition he got. D.Getting positive results helped him get over shyness. 【3】Which word can best describe the author? A.Adaptable. B.Ambitious. C.Generous. D.Outgoing. 【4】What does the text mainly tell us? A.We should spend more time reflecting. B.We should be thankful for our failures. C.We should focus more on our own effort. D.We should keep calm in the face of failure. |
|
| 3. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
|
Over a four-year period, Swiss researchers have developed a machine that can keep human livers (肝)alive outside of the body for one week. Livers are among the most commonly transplanted (移植)human organs. Current technology can only keep human livers alive for up to 24 hours. It is reported that, in 2017, about 8.000 liver transplants were performed in the U.S., of which 360 used livers from living givers In addition, about 11,500 people were registered on a waiting list to receive a liver transplant. Keeping livers alive and functioning for longer periods could greatly improve the chances of survival for patients. The researchers say the purpose of their “Liver4Life” machine is to perform what they call liver perfusion (灌注)operations outside of the human body. Perfusion is the process by which blood or other liquids are pumped through organs and tissue. The machine keeps the liver at the right temperature and moves it in a way that would be natural in the body. Using a pump to fill the liver with blood acting like a human heart, the machine also provides oxygen to the organ, controls red blood cell levels and removes waste. The research team began their experiments with livers from pigs. After repeated testing and engineering development, they succeeded in getting the pig livers to survive for seven days with support only provided from the Liver4Life machine. They also discovered the system can work to repair damaged livers. The team is now planning its next step to transplant machine-treated organs into patients. Pierre-Alain Clavien. leader of the research said in a statement. “This technology will greatly increase the number of livers available for transplant, improving the chances of survival for patients. The success of this unique machine opens the way for many new applications in transplantation and cancer medicine.” 【1】What does the author intend to do in paragraph 2? A.Introduce a brand new topic for discussion. B.Provide some latest data about present liver transplants. C.Show the urgency of tech improvement in liver transplants. D.Remind readers concerned of the importance of a healthy liver. 【2】What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to? A.The machine. B.The liver. C.The temperature. D.The tissue. 【3】What can we learn about the Liver4Life machine? A.It is among the most commonly used machines for liver transplants. B.It is aimed to carry out liver perfusion operations in the human body. C.It can perform several functions to keep the liver working normally. D.It can be used to keep the pig livers alive for more than one week. 【4】Where is this text most likely from? A.A biology textbook. B.A first aid brochure. C.A social web page. D.A health magazine. |
|
| 4. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
|
We know them when we see them: The TV shows and movies we love, even though we just know they’re bad. The worthless books we simply can’t put down. Yes, these are our guilty pleasures — what some people consider the junk food in our media diets. But if we enjoy them, why should we feel guilty? As it turns out, these so-called “guilty” pleasures can actually be good for us, so long as they’re enjoyed in moderation. According to Robin Nabi, a professor at the University of California, a guilty pleasure is something that we enjoy, but we know we’re either not supposed to like, or that liking it says something negative about us. Studies suggest that guilty pleasures can bring back some psychological resources. Besides, giving ourselves permission to enjoy downtime is also an important part of self-pity, which is an effective way of fighting anxiety and sadness. Perhaps the most important value of a guilty pleasure is the bond it can create between people. If that’s true, why do guilty pleasures get such a bad reputation? Actually, it’s not the indulgences themselves, but the attitudes we take when talking about them. “We have the cultural value of media consumption being instructive, and that what we do should be about growing and achieving,” Dr. Nabi said. “We don’t focus as much on refreshment and enjoyment, and these are such important aspects of being a human being.” Feeling guilty about activities we enjoy can diminish the benefits they offer us. But removing unnecessary embarrassment about our interests can enrich our social lives, which is why it’s time to get rid of “guilty pleasure” from our vocabulary. While guilty pleasures benefit us in some cases, they can also push us to indulge in behaviors we feel guilty about. Therefore, it’s best to follow the age-old advice our parents taught us: Everything in moderation. 【1】Which of the following might make us feel guilty pleasure? A.Eating an entire bag of chips in one sitting. B.Telling an old bedtime story. C.Staying up late doing your homework. D.Giving up seats to the elderly. 【2】Why do people think poorly of guilty pleasures? A.They take guilty pleasures too seriously. B.They dislike the behaviour of indulgence. C.They ignore the benefits of guilty pleasures. D.They are influenced by their cultural value. 【3】What does the underlined word “diminish” in paragraph 6 mean? A.Reduce. B.Increase. C.Maximize. D.Destroy. 【4】What is the best title for the text? A.Guilty pleasure? Avoid it B.Guilty pleasure? No Such Thing C.Everything in Moderation D.New Trend in Media Consumption |
|
| 5. | 详细信息 |
|
Have you ever frequently put off things you should do for various reasons? If so, it is procrastination (拖延). Procrastinators often put off doing things and leave them to the very last moment. 【1】Lazy people simply don’t do anything and are just fine with it. Procrastinators, on the other hand, have the desire to do something but can’t force themselves to start. You might think procrastination is a bit annoying but fairly harmless. However, long term procrastination has bad effects on your health. Not having seen the doctor when your illness was easier to treat may shorten your life. Just thinking about what you haven’t done may cause discomfort. 【2】 Don’t place too much pressure on yourself. “This project has to impress everyone; I really can’t blow this opportunity,” 【3】 Overcome this mental block by simply allowing yourself to be imperfect with the next small task. You can always improve your work later. 【4】 Concentrating on the size and difficulty of a task will overcome you and promote procrastination. Any work can be broken into smaller steps. The trick is - with each step along the way — to focus on the next achievable tasks. Make sure you can easily imagine the outcome of your small task. Don’t write a book; write a page. Focus on starting, rather than finishing. For someone who’s having a hard time starting a task, imagining a hard-to-grasp future can be depressing. The solution in this case, then, is to focus on starting. 【5】 We all know that if we start, we’ll eventually finish the task. A.Break a long project down into short tasks. B.So procrastination is about managing the time. C.So we should apply ourselves to overcoming it. D.However, procrastination is different from laziness. E.Focus on the negative effects of the procrastination. F.Bring your focus from the future to what can be done right now. G.Placing such high hopes on a project only adds anxiety and fear of failure. |
|
| 6. 语法填空 | 详细信息 |
|
Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 【1】（grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 【2】 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 【3】 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 【4】 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 【5】 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 【6】 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 【7】 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 【8】 (start) a soil-testing program 【9】 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 【10】 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele. |
|
| 7. 书面表达 | 详细信息 |
|
书面表达 假设你是李华，在英国朋友Toby家里度过了愉快的两周。回国后，你打算给他写一封感谢信，要点如下： 1．感谢他的热情招待； 2．总结两周收获（如了解了英国文化，提高了英语听说能力等）； 3．邀请他明年来中国。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯： 3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Toby, Yours, Li Hua |
|
