北京市海淀区2021届高三上册期末质量检测英语试卷带参考答案和解析

1. 完形填空

详细信息

Brittany was having one of those days when things just kept going wrong. She was tired and stressed as she left football practice with all three of her kids. With everyone worn out from the busy day, Brittany decided to _______ dinner from the McDonald’s on their way home. Wyatt was the teenager working there who took her _______ that day.
As Brittany pulled up to the drive-through window to pay, all her kids were crying for one reason or another. And that’s when it _______ Brittany: She’d left her purse at home.
She looked at the young man with tears in eyes just from being _______ and annoyed and said, “I am so sorry but I have to cancel that order. I left my purse at home when we went to football tonight.”
Before Brittany could say anything, Wyatt pulled out his wallet, swiped his card, and paid for the meal. As a teenager working at McDonald’s, Wyatt probably doesn’t _______ much. Yet, he firmly declined all of Brittany’s _______ to return and pay him back.
While Wyatt _______ shrugged off what he did, Brittany knew this is just the kind of hope our world needs right now. So, she snapped a quick photo and shared her story on social media.
“I just want his parents to know how KIND & COMPASSIONATE their son was tonight! He made me realize this is exactly what we parents are trying to do—_______ great humans,” she wrote.
After connecting with Wyatt’s mom, Brittany discovered Wyatt was saving up for a vehicle. So she started a fundraising campaign online to help the teen realize his dream. Strangers from all over the country loved Brittany’s story. The humble teenager _______ and encouraged them. Before long, Brittany collected over $40,000 from the fundraiser!
“I don’t know how to put it into words because of just how crazy it was,” Wyatt said. “It’s just a small act of ________ and everything blew up and it’s just amazing to think that something like that can get you this far.”
【1】A.cook B.have C.grab D.serve
【2】A.place B.word C.order D.bill
【3】A.hit B.beat C.reminded D.informed
【4】A.nervous B.grateful C.scared D.stressed
【5】A.make B.spend C.waste D.collect
【6】A.demands B.promises C.suggestions D.invitations
【7】A.jokingly B.eagerly C.humbly D.cautiously
【8】A.raising B.protecting C.remembering D.guiding
【9】A.trusted B.instructed C.supported D.inspired
【10】A.will B.kindness C.honesty D.courage

详细信息

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Seagulls are large and 【1】 (noise) birds, commonly seen on beaches around the world. Many people like to feed them 【2】 entertainment. It can be amusing to watch the birds fighting over little pieces of bread or chips. However, when animals get used to being fed by humans, they will lose their fear of them and may become aggressive. Seagulls are not very dangerous, but they have been known to attack humans, especially people who 【3】 (hold) food.

详细信息

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The northwestern coast of California is a very attractive travel destination. Increasing numbers of tourists come to this area 【1】 (hike) in the redwood forests. As a result, people 【2】 (live) in this area are very concerned about the effects of mass tourism. Local residents are worried that if so many tourists keep coming, the natural beauty of the beaches and forests 【3】 (damage).

详细信息

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
The Fault in Our Stars is a novel 【1】 (write) by American author John Green. It is his fourth major work, and his 【2】 (popular) one so far. The story follows the main character, Hazel Grace, a 16-year-old girl with cancer. She attends a cancer support group, 【3】 she meets Gus, a fellow teenage cancer survivor. They quickly become friends and begin 【4】 will turn out to be a short but very beautiful romance.

详细信息

Subscription: How It Works Magazine
How It Works is a science and technology magazine bursting with exciting information about our universe and everything in it. Covering a wide range of topics such as space, nature, science, animals and technology, the magazine is jam-packed with incredible and breathtaking facts ready to excite your wildest curiosity.
What is inside?
• Global Eye — the latest news, developments and events from the world of science and technology
• Amazing Images — each issue is loaded with fantastic cutaways, illustrations and photography
• Features — our in-depth articles explain topics in an exciting and engaging way that everyone can understand
• Brain Dump — get the answers to all your burning “how and why” questions in our reader Q&A section
• How To — your guide to fun experiments and projects to try out at home
Why to subscribe?
• Big Savings
As a subscriber, you’ll enjoy big savings on shop prices and the huge convenience of having every issue delivered hot off the press. There are no hidden costs and all postage and delivery costs are included in our prices.
• Treat Yourself or Family & Friends
A subscription makes a thoughtful gift for both family and friends straight to their door. This science and technology magazine helps explore the fascinating world around us.
• Never Miss an Issue
Your subscription can be cancelled at any time within 14 days of the date of purchase. All members can manage their subscriptions via our self-service website pocketmags.com.
Choose your preferred subscription package:
Print: $8.93 per issue, $116.00 annually/ 13 issues
Digital: $2.20 per issue, $28.00 annually/ 13 issues
Print + Digital: $9.31 per issue, $121.00 annually/ 13 issues
Where to read the digital?
Your purchase here at pocketmags.com can be read on any of the following platforms. You can read here on the website or download the app for your platform, just remember to log in with your Pocketmags username and password.

Our promise to you:
Best price guarantee: We’ll refund the difference if you find it cheaper elsewhere.
You’re in control: Manage your subscription online via our dedicated self-service site.
【1】In which part of the magazine can you find instructions on experiments?
A.Global Eye. B.Features.
C.Brain Dump. D.How To.
【2】How much should you pay if you make a yearly subscription in print?
A.$121. B.$116.
C.$28. D.$8.93.
【3】According to the passage, subscribers of the magazine can _______.
A.purchase the magazine on the App Store
B.be informed of the latest news in humanity
C.cancel the order within 14 days of its purchase
D.get a full refund if they find it cheaper elsewhere

详细信息

Many people have felt isolated and afraid during the pandemic this year, and the Weber family is no different. But 11-year-old Emerson Weber has a hobby that has turned into a remarkable antidote. Emerson writes letters — lots of letters. One day last spring, she even wrote to Doug, her mail carrier. “I want to thank you for taking my letters and delivering them,” she said. “You are very important to me.”
In no time at all, Emerson’s simple thank-you note was shared around the United States Postal Service (USPS). Many of the workers who read it wrote her back. Her father was so moved by the response that he took to Twitter to share his appreciation for the outpouring of love.
“Emerson, my 11-year-old, is on a bit of a wild ride with the USPS and our local mail carrier, Doug.” The next day after Emerson gave Doug the letter, a package arrived with two letters. Doug had shared Emerson’s letter with his supervisor, Sara, and they both wanted to share how touched they were.
The next week, they got a letter addressed to “Mr. and Mrs. Weber”. It seemed that Sara had shared Emerson’s note as a “Token of Thanks” in the internal USPS newsletter, and there were postal folks that wanted to thank her.
That day, the family saw Doug getting out of the truck with two BOXES of letters from around the country. These letters were so deeply human. They were filled with family, pets, hobbies, community, and an overwhelming sense of kindness.
But there was something more in these letters. People felt seen — some for the first time in a long time. “I work alone in a small rural post office ...” “My kids all live far away ...” “Not a lot of people think about how hard we work ...”
One wrote, “I can’t tell you how much it means to read your letter ...”
With dozens of new pen pals, Emerson did what she does best.
She wrote.
She acknowledged that there WERE a lot of letters, but she read them all.
“I’m not sharing this because I’m a proud dad,” her father wrote on Twitter. “I’m sharing it because it is relatively easy, if we take the time, to give others the one thing they need to be well — human connection. Emerson does this boldly. Her lesson to me was simple: It’s the small things that matter most.”
Send a letter. Make a call. Take a step of boldness. For yourself or for others.
【1】Mr. Weber shared Emerson’s story on Twitter because ________.
A.he was moved by the readers’ response
B.he wanted more people to read the letter
C.he took great pride in being Emerson’s father
D.he was thankful to Doug for delivering letters
【2】What do the letters in the passage symbolize?
A.A sense of community.
B.The company of family.
C.A bond between people.
D.The outpouring of courage.
【3】Which of the following words can best describe Emerson?
A.Selfless and patient. B.Smart and mature.
C.Determined and proud. D.Loving and grateful.

详细信息

What does it mean to live a good life? This question has been debated for centuries. In the field of psychology, two main concepts of the good life have been quite popular: A happy life full of pleasure and positive emotions, and a meaningful life full of purpose and sacrifice. But what if these aren’t the only options?
In recent years, a long-neglected version of the good life has been receiving greater attention: the psychologically rich life. It is full of complex mental engagement, a wide range of intense and deep emotions, and diverse, novel, surprising and interesting experiences. Sometimes they are neither pleasant nor meaningful. However, they are rarely boring or monotonous.
After all, both happy and meaningful lives can become monotonous and repetitive. A person with a steady office job, married with children, may be satisfied and find his or her life meaningful and still be bored. Also, the psychologically rich life doesn’t necessarily involve economic richness. For instance, consider Hesse’s character Goldmund, who has no money but pursues the life of a free spirit.
Research has found psychological richness is related to, but partially distinct from, both happy and meaningful lives. Psychological richness is related with openness to experience and experiencing both positive and negative emotions more intensely. But is the psychologically rich life one that people actually want?
In a new study, Oishi and his colleagues asked people in nine countries the degree to which they value a psychologically rich life, a happy life and a meaningful life. They found many people’s self-described ideal lives involve psychological richness. When forced to choose a life, however, the majority chose a happy life and a meaningful life. Even so, a minority of people still favored the psychologically rich life, ranging from 6.7% in Singapore to 16.8% in Germany.
These numbers went up when the desire for a psychologically rich life was measured indirectly. To understand what a person wishes their lives might have been, it is important to explore what people wish they had avoided in their lives. When asked what they regret most and whether undoing this event would have made their lives happier, more meaningful or psychologically richer, about 28% of Americans said undoing the regrettable event would have made their lives psychologically richer.
These findings suggest that while most people strive to be happy and have meaning in their lives, a sizable number of people are content merely living a psychologically rich existence.
As Oishi and his colleagues conclude, “We believe that taking the psychologically rich life seriously will deepen and enrich our understanding of well-being.” At the end of the day, there is no one singularly acceptable path to the good life. You have to find a path that works best for you.
【1】According to the passage, the psychologically rich life _______.
A.means living a luxurious life
B.involves various intense emotions
C.combines pleasure with purpose
D.emphasizes openness and repetition
【2】What does Oishi’s research indicate?
A.The Germans prefer psychological richness to a happy life.
B.Undoing regrettable events has enriched many people’s lives.
C.A hidden desire for psychological richness exists among some people.
D.People with psychological richness tend to describe their lives as ideal.
【3】We can learn from the passage that _______.
A.purpose outweighs pleasure in terms of significance
B.the choice of a good life differs from person to person
C.a positive mindset helps us understand our well-being
D.we should never be content and always strive for the best
【4】What is the main purpose of the article?
A.To compare different concepts of a good life.
B.To explain how to live a psychologically rich life.
C.To persuade people to attain psychological richness.
D.To draw attention to a less familiar version of a good life.

详细信息

On August 28th, at a presentation over the Internet, Mr. Musk showed off the progress of his firm, Neuralink. The highlight was the appearance of Gertrude, a pig with a chip implanted (植入) into her brain.
Reading the brain’s electrical signals, a technique called electroencephalography (EEG), started over 100 years ago and is now routine. It generally involves placing non-invasive electrodes (非侵入式电极) on the scalp (头皮), though it sometimes requires the invasive insertion of wires into the scalp or the brain. Non-invasive EEG provides useful information, and can even be used to do things like playing computer games. Invasive EEG offers more accurate readings from the nerve cells in the brain, though at greater risk because of the surgery involved. The device Gertrude carries, known technically as a brain-computer interface (接口), carries invasiveness one stage further by making the EEG recorder a potentially permanent implant.
Along with this improved interface, Neuralink has built a robot that will implant it. To do so, the robot first takes a high-resolution scan of the recipient’s brain. Using this, it is able to sew the electrode threads into place with a precision that avoids any blood tubes in the area, which reduces the risk of damage during surgery. The robot can put the interface in place in less than an hour. General anesthesia (麻醉) is not needed for the procedure.
One challenge the firm wants to tackle is sending electrical signals into the brain. Mr. Musk says this will require a range of inputs including delicate stimulation and large amounts of currents. The point of doing so will be to establish two-way communications. This could allow entirely new areas of treatment to be explored. Besides epilepsy (癫痫) prevention, such brain stimulation might also work to treat depression. More important in the long run, it is also essential to Musk’s vision of widespread engagement between people and machines. This, he hopes, will result in a future where memories can be downloaded and stored elsewhere, and humans can form a relationship with AI that is mutually dependent and beneficial.
Not everyone is impressed. Critics worry that Neuralink is too secretive, and that Mr. Musk’s vision promises more than he can deliver. He does, though, have a record of doing what he says he is going to, despite the fact that sometimes not as rapidly as he says he will. He more or less single-handedly introduced battery-electric cars to the market and he built a successful space-rocket business out of nothing. Brains are a lot more complicated than cars, and even than rocket science. But do not bet against the coming into being at some point of the Musk vision of brains and computers working together directly.
【1】What can we learn about EEG?
A.EEG requires the insertion of electrodes.
B.Non-invasive EEG is superior in safety and speed.
C.Invasive EEG functions better in reading nerve cells.
D.EEG can be updated by using the brain-computer interface.
【2】In Paragraph 3, the author describes the implantation to show _______.
A.the advantages of using the robot
B.the simplicity of the procedure
C.the improvement of the interface
D.the possible risks of the surgery
【3】According to the text, _______.
A.Musk achieves more in brain study than in rocket science
B.brain stimulation is crucial for people-machine interaction
C.new methods of treatment have been researched and created
D.the firm has difficulty finding the right kind of input for brains
【4】What’s the author’s attitude towards Musk’s vision?
A.Positive. B.Negative.
C.Doubtful. D.Neutral.

详细信息

Poor Sleep and Loneliness: A Vicious Cycle?
The feeling of being lonely is the sense that you have less social contact with others than you want. It is not quite the same as the amount of social contact you have. Some people don’t engage that often with others, but they are perfectly fine with that, and so they don’t feel alone. 【1】 Being lonely is associated with poorer psychological health.
One area of research has focused specifically on the relationship between loneliness and sleep. There are several inter-related questions: Is feeling lonely related to the quality of people’s sleep? What aspects of sleep are related to loneliness? And does loneliness cause sleep problems, or do difficulties with sleeping lead to feelings of loneliness? 【2】
The relationship between loneliness and sleep was explored in a paper by Melanie Hom and Caol Chu in the September 2020 issue of Clinical Psychological Science. They analyzed the data of previous studies relating sleep quality to feelings of loneliness. 【3】 This relationship is stronger for insomnia (失眠症) than for sleep complaints like nightmares. In addition, the more loneliness people express, the less effective they think their sleep is.
Although poor sleep and loneliness are closely related, it is hard to determine whether loneliness causes sleep difficulties or the reverse (相反).
【4】 It is because you can look to see whether sleep difficulties at one time predict later feelings of loneliness or whether loneliness early on predicts later sleep difficulties. Interestingly, sleep problems predicted later loneliness and loneliness predicted later sleep difficulties. However, the connection between earlier sleep difficulties and later loneliness was generally stronger than that between earlier loneliness and later sleep difficulties. This pattern suggests that there may be a vicious cycle, though, in which poor sleep can increase feelings of loneliness, which can in turn increase sleep difficulties.
If you are someone who has trouble sleeping, be aware that poor sleep lowers your resilience (复原力) overall. Among other things, it may make it harder for you to appreciate the social contacts you have. 【5】 That added social engagement just might have a positive impact on your future sleep.
A.Long-term studies that follow the same people over time help.
B.If you have difficulty in social engagement, you may feel lonely.
C.Other people may spend a lot of time with others, but still long for more.
D.These issues are important because poor sleep can affect psychological health.
E.To solve the problem, you should monitor your sleeping quality and physical health.
F.If you have trouble sleeping, try spending more time reaching out to friends and loved ones.
G.The results indicate that the more sleep difficulties people express they have, the lonelier they feel.

10. 其他阅读题型

详细信息

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
“One person’s trash is another person’s treasure.” That’s a common expression, but the next time you throw something away, think about a twist on the old saying. What if your trash could become your own treasure? Many creative, thrifty, and environmentally minded people have come up with a way to make that happen. It’s called upcycling. Our world would be a better place if everyone would begin upcycling.
Upcycling is the practice of taking an unwanted item and turning it into something useful. For example, how about that pair of jeans with a hole in one knee? It could become a new pillow for your bedroom. How about the old T-shirts you never wear anymore? It could be sewed together to make a picnic blanket. All of these are examples of upcycling.
Upcycling is not the same as recycling. Upcycling is actually much better for the environment. Recycling takes an item made of glass, paper, metal, or plastic, breaks it down to its base material, and then uses that material to make another product. This requires a great deal of energy. On the other hand, when you choose to upcycle, the only energy you use is your own. And upcycling not only reduces the amount of trash that goes into our landfills, but it also protects natural resources, such as oil and gas. Recycling is good for the environment, but upcycling is even better.
Upcycling also makes a family’s budget stretch further. Before you run to the store to buy something, look around your house. Old teacups can be transformed into candles. And an old ladder can even become a bookshelf. Of course, the idea of reusing items to save money is not new. During the Great Depression in the 1930s, many families lived on a tight budget. People had to use what they already had in order to meet their needs. Flour sacks were used to make clothes, and a broken door became a new table. Today we should follow the examples of our great-grandparents and save money by upcycling.
As responsible citizens, we should all be concerned with protecting our environment and budgeting our resources. Upcycling is a fun and creative way to help. The next time you go to toss something into the trash can, stop and think about what it could become. Chances are, there’s a brand-new item in your hand just waiting to be upcycled.
【1】What is upcycling according to the passage?
【2】Why is upcycling much better for the environment than recycling?
【3】What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?
【4】The Spring Festival is coming. Figure out one thing to upcycle. Explain what you will do with it and how it will help with the celebration of the festival. (about 40 words)

11. 书面表达

详细信息

假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim从微信朋友圈看到你参加了学校的红十字急救社团（Red Cross First Aid Club），写信向你了解情况。请给他回信，内容包括：
1. 社团简介；
2. 社团开展的活动；
3. 你的收获。
注意：1. 词数不少于100；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua

高中英语试卷推荐