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The 2104 Nobel Prize for Literature went to the French novelist Patrick Modiano “for the art of memory” with which he has “uncovered the life-world of the occupation”. ____21____ the 69-year-old writer is a very popular literary figure in France, he is little known elsewhere. So who is this Patrick Modiano, why does his memory have such an influence ____22____ him, and what exactly has he uncovered? Modiano was born in a suburb of Paris right after World War II ended in Europe in July 1945. His father was a Jewish-Italian businessman ____23____ met his Belgian actress mother during the Nazi occupation of Paris. Modiano’s life has been affected by Nazi Germany’s occupation during the war, and his family’s connections to it. According to New York-based newspaper Forward, his father survived the war dishonorably. When Paris Jews____24____ (bring) together for deportation (遣送) to concentration camps, the businessman did not join them but spent the time ____25____ (make) money from deals with Nazis on the black market. His most ____26____ (admire) novel , Missing Person, is a good example of his three dozen novels with the same themes: Jewishness, the Nazi occupation, and loss of identity. It’s a story about a detective who has lost his memory. He tries to find out ____27____ he really is by following his own steps through history. Although Modiano’s win is a surprise outside France, people are celebrating in his home country. Modiano is the 15th French literature winner. After Le Clezio’s 2008 win, it seemed unlikely____28____ there would be another so soon.
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Human beings are so smart that we are capable of handling emergencies, reading people’s feelings and becoming close friends with each other. But are we as smart as we think? It seems that people are gradually losing their smartness as smart phones become increasingly important ____29____ in their lives. As we rely too much on technology instead of our brains, many people have lost three basic abilities. So, are you also a ____30____ of smart phone’s intelligence? The first skill many people have lost is remembering phone numbers. Because phone numbers are stored in smart phone ____31____, there’s now no need to dial a number or look at it again. This is fine until you need to call someone for help, only to find your phone is not around. Furthermore, some people have lost their sense of direction because navigation apps, which can find the shortest routes for you to avoid traffic jams, may ____32____ people anywhere they want. People get so ____33____ on them that they get lost and anxious if their smart phones are not ____34____. The worst lost skills may be social ones. People often bury themselves in their smart phones so that we are too ____35____ by what’s happening in the virtual world. As a result, for lack of face-to-face ____36____, conversational skills are lost. Luckily, people still have a chance to get these abilities back. We need to keep parents’ numbers in mind for ____37____. In addition, more attention should be paid to street signs and stores, which will help to ____38____ a mind map and prevent people from getting lost. We are social creatures and need device-free time. Therefore, the easiest solution to social skill loss is to take a break from electronic devices.
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The West began to take more notice of the East. The fifth volume of an enormous work re-assessing the Chinese contribution to science and technology is to be published next year. The first volume, which was published twenty years ago, set the tone for the whole work. In it, evidence was given to show that many inventions which, until then, western historians had claimed for Europe, were made first in China. The attempt to rewrite the intellectual history of the world was not received without protest by some respectable historians. However, the evidence that has been presented so far in the first four volumes has persuaded many historians who were doubtful at first. China’s invention of paper, printing, the magnetic compass and gunpowder has never been quarrelled, but this new history has added advanced bridge design, mechanical clocks, paddle boats and many other inventions to the list. In the four volumes published so far no attempt has been made to explain why China has not kept up with the West in science and technology in modern times. It is probable that the answer is to be found in the social and economic history of China, where an unchanged society under a relatively kind regime（政治制度）of upper classes contrasts with the potentially revolutionary and energetic society of the West at the end of the Middle Ages. In recent years, the Chinese government has been making every effort to catch up with the West again, and there is little doubt that the gap is being reduced year by year. But will China avoid the West’s mistakes? (Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN 13 WORDS.) 62. So far, how many volumes have been published? _________________________________________________________. 63. What was confirmed by the evidence in the first volume published? _________________________________________________________. 64. The subject of this five-volume work is _______________________________________. 65. According to the passage, what’s the probable reasons for China not keeping up with the west? _________________________________________________________.
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| 4. | 详细信息 |
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1.化学老师做的实验激发了同学们的好奇心。（curiosity) 2. 具有中国特色的月饼正日益受到西方人的青睐。（special）
3. 在位育中学举办的古尔邦节上你可以享用到多种多样的民族食品。（Corban Festival）
4. 尽管有精心组织的防守，我们的篮球队还是在第一轮比赛中被淘汰了。(eliminate )
5. 直到那时他才意识到，一个人如果遇到困难就任凭命运的摆布，永远也无法实现自己的预期目标。( Not until…. )
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People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and children keep healthy while playing with others. However, playing sports can have 39 effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports,40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these,18,000,000 say they have been 40 at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad 41 of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive. Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main 42 of too much aggression in children’s sports. They believe children 43 aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that 44 is everything. Many parents go to children’s sporting events and shout 45 at other players or cheer when their child behaves 46 .As well, children are even taught that hurting other players is 47 or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured. 48 , the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television. We really need to 49 this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches 50 should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better 51 . They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to 52 themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that 53 is not as important as winning. 39. A. restrictive B. negative C. active D. instructive 40. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted 41. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation 42. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence 43. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect 44. A. winning B. practising C. fun D. sport 45. A. praises B. tricks C. remarks D. insults 46. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely 47. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible 48. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D. After all 49. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with 50. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance 51. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions 52. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy 53. A. body B. fame C. health D. spirit
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Work your brain! Between 2 and 3 pounds of wonder, it controls everything we say, do or think, who we are and what we care about, the way we walk or laugh or figure out things, what we like and the talents we possess, how we see and talk and run and jump and process our food. The brain uses 20 percent of our body's oxygen and 20 percent of its blood. Somewhere within its protein, fat, 100,000 miles of blood vessels and 100 billion nerve cells, it helps us remember where we put our gym shoes. Change our temperature so we don't die because of the heat or cold. Speed us up or slow us down. Help us choose between orange juice or orangeflavored drinks. Its complexity is stunning, far beyond anything most of us can imagine. To keep this work of art as polished as possible we need to eat right, exercise and keep mentally stimulated. Good nutrition helps brain cells communicate with each other. Exercise stimulates a hormone in our brain that improves memory. Mental stimulation keeps you sharp even as you age. “It's very important that we tell people to be physically active and mentally active,” said neurologist Malcolm Stewart. “People cannot stop aging, but you're able to reduce the damage; you're able to keep the function up.” Following are Dr.Stewart's advice for improving brain health： l Nutrition Avoid fast food. Follow the old adage(格言): For breakfast, eat like a king; for lunch, like a queen; for supper, like a beggar. l Exercise Do a combination of stretching aerobic and musclestrengthening every day. l Mental games Try to have a sense of hope about the future. Do puzzles. Listen to music. Reach out to others to make their lives better. 54. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to ______. A. inform us how the brain works B. give us advice on how to keep the brain healthy C. tell us that the brain plays an important role in our lives D. show how special the brain is to us 55. The word “stunning” in Paragraph 5 means ______. A. interesting B. strange C. significant D. amazing 56. According to the text，more exercise ______. A. keeps our mind sharp B. helps improve our memory C. gives our brain a rest D. is good for brain cells communicating with each other 57. In order to keep brain healthy，we should avoid ______. A. eating a good lunch B. doing puzzles C. eating a large supper D. taking aerobic exercise
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Another cultural aspect of nonverbal communication is one that you might not think about: space. Every person feels himself have a sort of invisible protection surrounding his physical body. When someone comes too close, he feels uncomfortable. When he bumps onto someone, he feels obliged to apologize. But the size of a person’s “comfort zone” depends on his cultural ethnic origin. For example, in casual conversation, many Americans stand about four feet apart. In other words, they like to keep each other “at an arm’s length”. People in Latin or Arab cultures, in contrast, stand very close to each other and touch each other often. If someone from one of those cultures stands too close to an American while in conversation, the Americans may feel uncomfortable and back away. When Americans are talking, they expect others to respond to what they are saying. To Americans, polite conversationalists understand by showing expressions of excitement or dislike, shock or sadness. People with a “poker face”, whose emotions are hidden by a deadpan（无表情的） expression, are looked upon with suspicion. Americans also show their attentiveness in a conversation by raising their eyebrows, nodding, smiling politely and maintaining good eye contact. However, some cultures view direct eye contact as impolite or threatening. Americans see it as a sign of genuineness and honesty. If a person doesn’t look you in the eye, American might say: you should question his motives---or suppose that he doesn’t like you. Yet with all the concern for eye contact, Americans still consider staring---especially at strangers---to be rude. 58. What the author discussed in the previous section is most probably about _______. A. classification of nonverbal communication B. the reasons why people should think about space C. the relationship between communication and space D. some other cultural aspects of nonverbal communication 59. How far people keep to each other while talking is closely associated with their _______. A. race B. culture C. custom D. nationality 60. When a person from Latin America talks to an Arabian on informal occasions, _______. A. he stands about four feet away B. “comfort zone” does not exist C. keeping close enough is preferred D. communication barriers (障碍) may appear 61. In a conversation between friends, Americans regard it as honest and truthful to _______. A. maintain direct eye contact B. hide emotions with a deadpan expression C. display excitement or dislike, shock or sadness D. raise their eyebrows, nod and smile politely
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