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十一·五规划指出，我们要坚持一切从实际出发，尊重群众的首创精神，自觉按规律办事，扎扎实实推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设。 辨题：群众的首创精神是推动社会历史进步和发展的根本动力。（11分） 答案：（1）人民群众是社会物质财富和精神财富的创造者，也是社会变革的决定力量，所以，人民群众是真正的英雄，推动社会历史前进必须高度重视人民群众的首创精神，高度重视人民群众提出的改革要求，使群众的创业和创新积极性得到充分发挥。因此，强调要尊重人民群众首创精神，推动社会历史进步Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit（轨道）of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.However, Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(椭圆形).Now Halley set to work. He figured out(解决，计算出)the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearance had been 75 to 76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain to make a prediction(预言)of what would happen in the future. He decided that this would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet had been called Halley’s comet, in his honor.【1】Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of ____.A. some different comets appearing several timesB. the same comet appearing at different timesC. three different comets appearing at the same timeD. several comets appearing at the same time【2】Halley made his discovery ____.A. by doing experimentsB. by means of his own careful observationC. by using the working of other scientistsD. by chance【3】Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year____.A. 1704 B. 1705 C. 1706 D. 1707【4】This passage in general is about ____.A. Halley and other scientists B. the orbit of a cometC. Newton and Halley D. Halley and his discovery