8.在可遗传的变异中能产生新基因的是( ) A.染色体结构变异 B.基因重组 C.染色体数目变异 D.基因突变 答案:D6、 In cities with rent control,
the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord (房东 )can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that
it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase;
therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics
say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords
know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest(投资)in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do
not invest in new buildings which would also be rent- controlled. As a result,
new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot
find any. According to the critics, the end result of
rent. control is a shortage of apartments in the city.
Some
theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way.
The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The
minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low-paying jobs.
However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will
replace workers with machinery. Therefore, other things being equal, the number
of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics hold the opinion that
an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may
find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.
Supporters of
the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity (尊严).Because of the law, workers cannot
sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot
force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.
Economic
theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm
production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct
only if "other things are equal". Economists do not agree on some of
the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions.
Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it.
Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic
questions.
72. There is the possibility that
setting maximum rent may
.
A. cause
a shortage of apartments
B. worry
those who rent apartments as homes
C.
increase the profits of landlords
D.
encourage landlords to invest in building apartment
73. We can safely say that rent
control .
A. will
always benefit those who rent apartments
B. is
unnecessary
C. will
bring negative effects in the long run
D. is
necessary under all circumstances
74. The problem of unemployment
will arise if
.
A. the
minimum wage is set too high
B. the minimum wage is set too low
C. the
workers are unskilled
D. the maximum wage is set
75. The passage tells us about
.
A. the
relationship between supply and demand
B. the
possible results of government controls
C. the
necessity of government control
D. the
urgency of getting rid of government controls