题目

阅读理解Oneday I stopped to think about growing apples. I was eating a delicious, juicyapple and took a big bite. As a result, I got an apple seed into my mouth. Ispat it out into my hand, with the intention of throwing it away. But instead Ilooked at the apple seed. I realized I was holding an apple tree in the palm ofmy hand. A little seed with the potential to become a beautiful big tree-a treethat could grow thousands of apples in its lifetime. Why then the world wasn'tfilled with apple trees? It is a rule of nature that only a few of these seedsgrow.Andit came to my mind that it's als（14分）社会转型时期，思想界往往随之共振，并对历史发展产生巨大影响。阅读下列材料，回答问题：材料一 《中华文化史》(冯天瑜等著)认为，中华传统文化在春秋战国时期表现为“以民本思潮和专制主义为两翼的百家争鸣的私学文化”……材料二 李贽的悲观不仅属于个人，也属于他所生活的时代。传统的政治已经凝固，类似宗教改革或者文艺复兴的新生命无法在这样的环境中孕育。社会环境把个人理智上的自由压缩在极小的限度之内，人的廉洁和诚信，也只能长为灌木，不能形成丛林。 ——黄仁宇《万历十五年》（1）列举春秋战国时期“私学文化”中服务于“专制主义”的表现，“私学文化”反映了该时期社会转型的哪些基本特征?（8分）（2）李贽的思想跟文艺复兴在“个人理智上的自由”方面有何相似之处?两者在促进社会转型方面起的作用有何不同?请指出导致这种不同的经济根源。（6分）