题目

阅读理解 Last year my summer holiday was spoiled by my bringing along a modern convenience that was too convenient for my own good: the iPad. Instead of looking at nature, I checked my e-mail. Instead of paddling a small boat, I followed my Twitter feed（推特简讯）. Instead of reading great novels, I stuck to reading four newspapers each morning. I was behaving as if I were still in the office. My body was on vacation, but my head wasn't. So this year I made up my mind to try something different: withdrawal from the Internet. I knew it wouldn't be easy, since I'm bad at self-control.我国有较长的海岸线，浩瀚的海洋是一个巨大的物质资源和能量的宝库。目前，世界各国都在研究如何充分利用海洋资源。全球海水中的溴的储量丰富，约占地球溴总储量的99%，故溴有“海洋元素”之称，海水中溴含量为65 mg·L－1。其工业提取法有：Ⅰ.空气吹出纯碱吸收法。方法是将氯气通入到富含溴离子的海水中，使溴置换出来，再用空气将溴吹出，用纯碱溶液吸收，最后用硫酸酸化，即可得到单质溴。该方法涉及的反应有：①Cl2＋2Br－===Br2＋2Cl－ ②3Br2＋3C===Br＋5Br－＋3CO2↑；③Br＋5Br－ ＋6H＋===3Br2＋3H2O其中②中的氧化剂是________，③中的还原剂是________。Ⅱ.空气吹出SO2吸收法。该方法基本同(Ⅰ)，只是将吹出的溴用SO2溶液来吸收，使溴转化为氢溴酸，然后再用氯气氧化氢溴酸即得单质溴。写出溴与二氧化硫反应的化学方程式_________________________________________________。Ⅲ.溶剂萃取法。该法是利用单质溴在水中和萃取剂中溶解度的不同的原理来进行的。实验室中萃取用到的主要实验仪器名称是_______________________。下列可以用于海水中溴的萃取的试剂是________(填序号)。①乙醇 ②四氯化碳 ③硝酸