重庆市缙云教育联盟2021-2022学年高二下学期5月质量检测英语试题

Marathon is the supreme discipline of long-distance running. They are not only attractive for top athletes, but also for hobby runners. The choice of events is almost endless. Now we have put together some most breathtakingly beautiful ones that you'll be tempted(诱惑) to run holding a camera.

Ultra-trail Angkor, Cambodia

The newest of a series ofAngkor marathons, this endurance test offers 32-km, 64-km and 128-km routes around the famous temples, including Bayon and Angkor Wat. Watch out for monkeys, and the gigantic tree vines that memorably hug some of the great buildings.

Dodo Trail, Mauritius

Crossing rugged coastline and tropical forests, the Dodo Trail is full of wildlife, although the famous dodo bird remains, sadly, extinct. While the demanding 50km Xtreme route covers 828m-high Black River Peak, a beginner-friendly Mini Dodo Trail (10 km) is easier.

Great Ocean Road marathon, Australia

Another well-known scenic coastal drive, southern Australia's Great Ocean Road stages a footrace every May. Neck-ache could be a problem: in one direction lies the scenic South Sea, and in another handsome forest and, if you're lucky, a koala or two. Be warned, however, that the series of steep slopes make this one ofthe toughest marathons.

Big Five marathon, South Africa

Marathon meets safari at the privately owned Entabeni Game Reserve every June. The start time is dependent on the race-day location of the Big Five members—African elephants, Cape buffalo, lions, leopards and rhinos—as organizers try to guarantee sightings.

Riding on an exercise bike at home may keep you in physical shape, but it can get pretty boring after a while. Aaron Puzey had been on his exercise bike for half an hour a day for years when he decided to look for a way to make it a bit more fun.

With virtual reality technology widely available nowadays, all he needed to do was find a way of applying it to his needs. So he set out to build an app for the Samsung Galaxy Gear VR headset(头戴式视图器) which would allow him to hook it up to Google Street view and make it seem like he's cycling through different real-life locations.

Building the app to download the 3D data from Street View and make it viewable in the VR headset was the toughest part of his project. Other than that, all he needed to do was tape a Bluetooth monitor to his exercise bike. Although the quality of the images sometimes leaves a lot to be desired, leaving complex scenes like trees looking like a mess, Aaron has been having a lot of fun on his journey.

Aaron's project is obviously no substitute(替代品) for real outdoor cycling as it lacks things like the wind blowing in your face or the pain of battling an uphill climb, but it has given him a goal, as well as the chance to take in the beauty of places he might have otherwise never seen. It definitely beats staring at a wall or at the TV for 30 minutes, anyway.

Obviously, Aaron's set up the officially allows him to ride a bike anywhere around the world. He says he has always wanted to see Japan, so once his ride comes to an end, he plans to start another one across the Land of the Rising Sun.

From the moment you open your eyes in the morning, you can feel sweat running down your body, even if you're barely moving at all. That's what most people in China felt like this summer. In fact, the entire northern hemisphere(半球) saw high temperatures in July.

The Arctic Circle was no exception(例外). Temperatures in the city of Norilsk, which is in the Arctic Circle, reached a record high of 32 ℃, The Atlantic reported. Temperatures there are usually just 10 ℃ at this time of the year.

The heat wave in the Arctic is mainly a long-term result of global warming, according to the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences. In fact, while the whole world is getting warmer, the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. This is called the polar amplification effect(极地放大效应).

The most direct impact of Arctic warming is the melting of Arctic ice. According to NASA, Arctic sea ice is now disappearing at a rate of 13. 2 percent every 10 years. NASA said that if this continues, the Arctic will have no ice by the year 2040.

This has put some Arctic animals, like polar bears, in danger. The ice that the bears live on has shrunk(缩小), the Toronto Star reported.

Melting ice can also cause sea levels to rise in the long term. Since 1993, sea levels have risen at a rate of 3. 2 cm every 10 years, the Guardian reported. Some countries, such as Tuvalu(图瓦鲁) in the South Pacific Ocean and Maldives(马尔代夫) in the Indian Ocean, are at risk of disappearing into the sea.

Refugees are on the move in forests across the western U. S. As climate conditions change, the ranges of tree species are shifting, especially toward cooler or wetter sites. A new Stanford analysis, published on November 15th in Nature Communications, provides some of the first confirmable evidence that wildfire is accelerating this process, likely by reducing competition from established species.

"Complex, interdependent(互相依赖的) forces are shaping the future of our forests," said study lead author Avery Hill, a graduate student in biology at Stanford's School of Humanities & Sciences.

As the climate changes, animal and plant species are shifting their ranges toward conditions suitable for their growth and reproduction. Past research has shown that plant ranges are shifting to higher, cooler altitudes at an average rate of almost five feet per year. In many studies, these range shifts fall behind the rate of climate change, suggesting that some species may become stranded(困住) in unsuitable habitats. The factors that impact plant species' ability to keep up with climate change are key to maintaining healthy populations of the dominant trees in western forests, yet have remained largely mysterious.

To better understand the distance, direction and rate at which tree ranges are shifting, Hill and study co-author Chris Field, the Perry L. McCarty Director of the Stanford Woods Institute for the Environment, looked at how the phenomenon is affected by wildfire, a powerful and widespread driver of ecosystem structure and composition in the western United States.

Using U. S. Forest Service data collected from over 74, 000 plots across nine Western states, the researchers identified tree species that are shifting their ranges toward cooler, wetter sites. Then, they compared the rate of these range shifts between places that were burned by wildfire and places that were not.

The findings demonstrate not only that fire can accelerate tree migration, but that some species may be slowing the range shifts of others through competition. This, in turn, raises questions about the impact of fire management on trees' ability to keep up with climate change, and points to the importance of low-intensity natural fires.

All book writing has to start somewhere, and the best place to kick off your manuscript (原稿) is by coming up with a great idea.  It can be an article you read from your local newspaper, a conversation you overheard at Starbucks, a recent experience you had during a vacation, etc. Your overall idea should be narrowed down to one-to-two paragraphs, similar to the back cover copy you find on most books. When writing books, the idea is king. Always remember that.

This doesn't just mean fictional characters—memoirs (回忆录) and nonfiction books still have characters, even if those characters are based on real people. When you write your own book, you must ask yourself what makes this character unique, what is the No. 1 thing this character wants and what difficulties must he or she overcome to reach it. Readers love imperfect, yet relatable characters.

Maybe the most crucial step in the steps to writing a book, setting a deadline and sticking to it is essential. Too many writers say they are going to write a book and, after starting strong, find excuses as to why they stopped (or are on a super-long pause from writing books). There are definitely reasonable reasons that could prevent you from book writing—help needed in the family, a health issue, etc. But if you're serious about writing a book, you have to make time for it. Deadlines will push you to do just that.

You can spend as much time as you want reading tips for writing a book, how to write books and how to edit your novel—and you should spend some time doing that. You should invest in studying the craft and learning how to write a bestseller.  Do it during your lunch break. Do it while waiting for the kids at soccer practice. Do it after everyone goes to bed. There's no official book writing model, there's just you, a pen and a paper (or a computer, of course).

A. Strive to make your characters as interesting as possible.

B. But you'll never write a book if you don't spend time writing.

C. Now discover our best tips for how to write a book effectively.

D. It's time to further your writing career by diving deeper into deadline.

E. Book ideas come in all shapes and sizes and can be found anywhere.

F. It's the difference between serious writers and those who are merely dreamers.

G. How to start writing a book begins with an idea, but your idea needs to be carried out with well-developed characters.

Careers in science are generally believed to be too complex for students who aren't talented or clever enough, but Scott Kelly, commander of the International Space Station, would prove it's wrong.

As a kid, he was absent-minded and 1in science and all other subjects as well. He couldn't2what the teachers said in class. Therefore, he earned terrible grades and3graduated from high school, and he even thought he would never4his dreams.

That all5when he picked up the film The Right Stuff, Tom Wolfe's classic account of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. 6, he was determined to be an astronaut, which meant doing well in7classes. So starting that day, he8his mind to do well in it.

After so many years' daydreaming, it wouldn't be9. But he started regarding study as a game. The more he10his study skills, the better he got. Eventually, it became a11with himself to see how good he could get. Then the former 12 started getting straight A's in science, which is 13 for those who want to be an astronaut.

So we need to stop 14 the idea that science is just too hard. Everyone can learn this stuff — he just needs to be15to do the work.

On June 18, Qiyun Mountain Customs Exhibition was displayed in the Water Cube in Beijing. This exhibition is  important part of "Search for Taoist Mountains(道教山)", the 2nd customs exhibition of "Wild China & Beautiful Land",  was sponsored by the China Landscape and Historic Sites Association. Wudang Mountain in Hubei Province, Qingcheng Mountain and Tais-han Mountain are also  display.

 (support) by the special space of the Water Cube and tourist gathering areas like passageways and the center stage, the brilliant Taoist culture is  (vivid) displayed in three dimensions. Tourists are led in  (explore) of the Taoist mountains which   (witness) the Chinese civilization for five thousand years and they can appreciate the infinite charm of Qiyun Mountain.

Qiyun Mountain Customs Exhibition was co-hosted by Qiyun Mountain Management Committee and Sunriver. The  (form) of this exhibition were rich and colorful and the performance methods were fine and  (comprehend). The period of Qiyun Mountain Customs Exhibition will continue until October this year. During the exhibition, some other displays    (focus) on the theme "Wild China & Beautiful Land" will be displayed in the Water Cube. Audience numbers will be over 10 million.

注意：1）词数80左右；2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Jimmy,

……

Yours,

Li Hua

At around 6 pm, Jane and her husband, Charlie were driving on the road. They were incredibly excited because they would attend the dream wedding of her daughter Iris the next day. As they drove beyond a town heat their destination, the sky grew darker and darker and suddenly the rain poured down. When they were approaching a bridge, a wave of fast-moving water washed over the top of it.

Within seconds, the rapids had lifted the little white car into the river. It happened so quickly that they were too shocked to scream. Finally, the car caught an object in the middle of the river.

Muddy flood water was pouring into the car and rising quickly. Jane knew they had to get out quickly before the water rose too high in the car. Forcing the door open, Charlie jumped into the flood from the back row. Meanwhile, Jane grabbed the front door handle and tried to open it but in vain. "Try it again!" her husband shouted anxiously.

Hearing that, Jane took hold of the handle, using all her strength, and was able to pull the door open. She came out of the vehicle and finally reached Charlie, coughing and shaking. They leaned tightly against the back of the car and screamed for help.

At the same time, a truck driver called Joe was complaining about the bad weather in his truck parked in his yard near the river. He had planned a road trip. Suddenly, carrying over the roar of the water, he heard screams coming from the river and rushed out immediately, spotting a car in the river. "I've got to do something," he told himself. But how did he approach the car in such a complete darkness? Without thinking twice, Joe returned to his truck and drove to the river bank. Then he turned on the headlights and got a long rope from it. After that, he fastened the one end of the rope to the truck tight.

Paragraph 1: The water was still rising.

Paragraph 2: Joe finally reached the couple.