人教版（2019）选择性必修四高中英语 Unit 3 Sea Exploration 单元素养评估卷（三）

Things to Do with Smithsonian Associates in November

●Tuesday, November 5

Discovery Theatre Presents Spirit of South Africa: Experience the energy, customs and cultures of South Africa as reflected in three distinctive regional dances with instructor and performer Lesole Maine. 10:30 a.m. and 12 p.m. $3 to $9

●Monday, November 11

America's Long-Distance Passenger Trains: As America marks the 150th anniversary of the driving of the Golden Spike that completed the transcontinental railroad and linked the nation, professional Scott Hercik and a group of experts explore train travel's romantic past, its present state and uncertain future. 10 a.m. $90 to $140

●Saturday, November 23

Mysterious Guardians of the Ocean: From Jaws to Shark Week, people have been used to seeing sharks as terrifying cold-blooded predators(食肉动物). Conservationist William McKeever presents another view of them: evolutionary miracles are in the greatest danger of their 450-million-year history. 6:45 p.m. $25 to $35

●Tuesday, November 26

Smithsonian Inspired Floral Design: Learn the fundamentals of floral design while creating designs based on famous art in the Smithsonian's collection during a three-session course. Each session focuses on a different work, providing inspiration for the flowers, greens and vases participants use to create beautiful arrangements. No experience is necessary. 6:30 p.m. $115 to $165

Scientist Fabien Cousteau went out of the Atlantic Ocean and took in a deep breath of fresh air. It was the first time in 31 days he had been above the ocean's surface.

Cousteau had been living in an underwater science lab called Aquarius. It's located 63 feet below the surface, off the coast of the Florida Keys.

50 years ago Fabien Cousteau's grandfather, the legendary ocean explorer Jacques Cousteau, led a similar—but shorter by one day expedition under the surface of the Red Sea. Since then, we have explored only a very small portion of the oceans, less than 5%. His grandfather was one of the first ocean explorers. 31 days beneath the waves is now the longest time anyone has spent under the ocean. But he wasn't just trying to break his grandfather's record. He was there to learn more about life in the ocean.

For 31 days, a team of more than 30 people, including researchers and filmmakers, joined Cousteau. They took turns staying with him for several days at a time. The intent of the Mission 31: study the life of and on the coral reef, the effects of climate change, acidification, and pollution, in particular by plastic debris and oil spills. But it was also a study of the scientists themselves spending extended time underwater. By staying down continuously, they collected the equivalent of several years of scientific data in just a month.

Aquarius is the world's only underwater science lab. It's about the size of a school bus. It has a kitchen, a bathroom, and six bunk beds that face a window. Cousteau and his team posted many videos online. He hopes his month-long stay will encourage others to study and help protect life in the ocean.

It may not be quite old enough to be the world's oldest living organism—that "honour" goes to the bristlecone pine tree(aged 5,000 years)—but, at 4,000 years of age, Leiopathes glaberrima, a deep-water coral species, does set the record for being the oldest animal living under the sea.

Located on the floor of the Pacific Ocean, off Hawaii, the 3-metre-tall, (extremely) long-lived "black coral" could have some valuable clues about past climate change; specifically, it could better scientists' understanding of how oceans draw down carbon dioxide—and of ocean acidification in general. Brendan Roark of Texas A & M University, who led a research expedition in 2006 to study the corals' climate records, presented his findings at the recent AAAS meeting.

How long they can live is anybody's guess, Roark told Science's Erik Stokstad. He and his colleagues used radiocarbon dating to determine the coral's age. What this suggests, he said, is that the harvesting of deep-water coral for jewellery should be completely banned; because the corals grow at such a low rate, any level of harvesting would likely wipe out the remaining specimens—those not yet affected by ocean acidification.

Roark believes it could be possible to reconstruct records of subsurface(地下的) temperature variability and ocean circulation changes, which would provide some insight into climate changes and help predict future effects. By comparison, that ocean quahog clam(圆蛤) we mentioned a while back—aged 405 years—seems almost sprightly.

Dog owners say dogs are smarter. However, this may not be the case. Cats tend to hide their intelligence: they don't want praise from their owners. Cats are independent, whereas dogs are social and mostly travel in groups. Because of this, many people believe that dogs are more intelligent, but the ways of measuring the intelligence of cats and dogs are different because they are different animals. Therefore, the intelligence of cats may be underestimated.

The senses of a cat are more developed than dogs. They hear and see better than dogs. The memory of cats is a lot better than dogs. Cats have both long-term and short-term memory. The memory of cats is two hundred times more than dogs. This means that the memory of cats is even better than monkeys and chimpanzees. Scientific American states that a cat can hold 1,000 times more "data storage" than a tablet computer.

Cats have better cognition(认知) than dogs. It is true that dogs have a better social IQ than cats, but that doesn't mean that they are smarter than cats. Cats can solve complex problems, and can also distinguish between complex shapes. Also, the observation of cats is greater than that of any other domestic animal. If something new and different enters a house, the cat can quickly figure out what it is. This makes training a cat very easy because they are able to observe what happens very quickly, and are able to learn quicker than dogs.

In conclusion, cats have the brain, but they don't want to show it because they don't want love; they want food and just the basic necessities in order to survive. The Huffington Post says, "Dogs come when they're called; cats take a message and get back to you." This quote can show us that maybe cats are the smarter ones.

Sometimes people come into your life and you know right away that they are meant to be there. They teach you a lesson, or help you figure out who you are or who you want to become.

 They may be a roommate, a neighbour, a professor, a friend, a lover, or even a complete stranger. Sometimes things happen to you that may seem horrible at first, but later you will find that without those difficulties you would have never realised your potential. It would be safe and comfortable, but dull and completely pointless.

The people you meet who affect your life, and the success and downfall you experience, help to create who you are and who you become. In fact, they are sometimes the most important ones.

If someone loves you, give love back to them not only because they love you, but also because they are teaching you to love and how to open your heart and eyes to things.

 They have helped you learn about trust and the importance of being cautious about whom you open your heart to.

Make every day count. Appreciate every moment.

A. They serve some sort of purpose.

B. Learn a lesson in life each day that you live.

C. Even the bad experiences can be learned from.

D. You never know who these people may be.

E. If someone hurts you, or breaks your heart, forgive them.

F. Without these small tests, life would be like a smooth road to nowhere.

G. If you don't believe in yourself, it will be hard for others to believe in you.

The other day I shared knowledge on several aspects of Hindi(印地) culture with you. Today I'm hoping to paint a better picture of 1 it means to give in India and how their generosity differs from 2 of Western culture.

    I was 3 when we learned the words "thank you" don't really exist in Hindi. In the mountains, it is 4 used, and people often seemed annoyed when we tried to thank them. They 5 either turn their heads, or shake their hands at us.

When we asked our Indian friends why this is so, they explained that giving and generosity are vital parts of their culture. Giving is more of a 6 of "changing hands" than an act of generosity. In their eyes, the foods they would give us were 7 really "theirs". They see them as something passed along to them and now they are 8 passing them along to us.

The villagers were eager to 9 their best cucumbers to a passing stranger. 10, people in the U.S. tend to donate old, used, or unwanted things 11 their treasured ones.

12, during a coffee break, a friend told me about how he donated his favourite clothes and shoes—just for the experience of giving up the possessions he likes most. Giving is 13 Westerners can certainly do. We can practise 14 giving away the things we value most—not only actual physical possessions, but also perhaps even more 15, our time and attention.

Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office he noticed a car was stuck on railroad tracks. Then he heard a train whistle. Sammy (stop) his car, put off his sunglasses and tried to figure out what was happening.elderly man, Jean Papich, eighty-four, sat in the driver seat, turning the key and hitting the gas. His wife, Marion, seventy-eight, was looking (nervous) at him. Then Sammy ran the car and pushed it from behind, but his boots slipped on the warm asphalt(沥青). He could see the train approaching fast.

It might be (easy) to push the car backwards than forwards, Sammy thought. He ran around to the front of the vehicle and urged Jean (put) the car in neutral(空挡). Sammy could feel the ground trembling. He put his boots against the track and pushed forcefully. Finally, the car rolled off the tracks. When Sammy looked up, the train was just a couple of (foot) away. Sammy, shocked and (speech), went back to work as crowds gathered at the scene.

Weeks later, Marion called to thank Sammy. He responded, "I just did I had to do."

1）介绍小组情况；

2）活动时间及内容；

3）期待对方加入。

注意:

1）词数80左右;

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

参考词汇：环境卫士 Environment Guardian

The worst tourist in the world may be Nicholas Scottie of San Francisco. Once he flew from the US to his hometown in Italy. He had some troubles on his journey. The night before, he stayed up late to deal with some emails, so when he boarded the plane he decided to have a sleep. Hours later, he was woken up by some noise and he found the plane had landed.

As he thought he had arrived home, Mr. Scottie got off the plane. He thought he was in Rome. However, the truth was that the plane made a one-hour stop to get oil at John F. Kennedy International Airport of New York.

Mr. Scottie waited at the airport for some while, but nobody was there to meet him. He thought maybe they were held up by heavy traffic which was very common in Rome. He decided to give his family a phone call. Unfortunately, he found he had left his cell phone at the hotel in San Francisco. Therefore, he decided to go home by himself. While he was walking in the city, Mr. Scottie found that the old "Rome" had changed a lot. Many old buildings were replaced by high modern ones. He also found that many people spoke English instead of Italian and that many street signs were written in English. What made him most surprised was that drivers' awareness of traffic safety was improved and he hardly found any driver speeding on the road. All cars were driving in line. The condition was widely different from that in the past. He was feeling proud.

Mr. Scottie knew very little English, so he asked a policeman (in Italian) the way to the bus station. He happened to meet a policeman who was also born in Italy and answered him in the same language. Mr. Scottie thanked him, left, quickly found the bus station and got on a bus. He looked outside of the bus window.

注意：

1）续写词数应为150左右；

2）请按如下格式作答。

After twelve hours' travelling round on a bus, Mr. Scottie thought to himself that Rome had changed so much that he even failed to find his home.

……

To get him on a plane back to San Francisco, he was sent to the airport in a police car with sirens(警报) on.