河北省2022-2023学年新高三上学期8月开学摸底联考英语试卷

When to Harvest Your Fruits and Vegetables

From peas and beans to cabbages and cauliflower to soft fruits, here's how to tell when the harvest is ready! Here is everything you need to know when the harvest is ready and here's how to tell when it's the perfect time to harvest your crops!

Root Crops

•Beets and turnips: Ready when golf-ball-sized to tennis-ball-sized.

•Carrots: Ready as soon as they're big enough for your needs. Leave main-crop varieties in the ground until you're ready to use them, including over winter in milder areas.

Soft Fruits

•Blackcurrants: Ready a week after turning black.

•Blueberries: Ready two or three days after turning blue.

Peas and Beans

•Peas and fava beans: Ready when the peas feel well-developed in their pods. Shells need a few to double-check.

•Pole beans and bush beans: Ready when long and smooth, but before beans start to bulge(膨胀) inside.

Potatoes

•Early potatoes: Ready 10 to 12 weeks after planting, when the plants come into flower.

•Main-crop potatoes for storing: Ready 20 weeks after planting, once all the leaves have died back. Without timely harvest, they would be reaped (收获) nothing.

Fruiting Vegetables

•Cucumbers: Ready when there is no pronounced point at the tip and they grow appropriate, which depends on what you need. Can be picked small for snacking cucumbers, or larger for slicing(切片).

•Zucchini: Ready when they reach about 4 inches ( 10 centimeters) long.

•Summer squash: Ready as soon as they reach a desirable length.

Our popular Vegetable Garden Planner can help you map out your garden design, space crops, know when to plant crops in your exact location, and much more. Need crop-specific growing information? Glance at our Crops at a Glance Guide for advice on planting and caring for dozens of garden crops.

Liu Yang, China's first female astronaut, reportedly, has touched the hearts of millions with a letter to her two children that was made public after she set off into space for the second time earlier this month.

"You're my strongest armor (盔甲) and softest spot. I didn't allow you to see me off at the launch site because I was afraid that I would burst into tears, "Liu wrote in the letter to her daughter, 8, and son, 6, just days before being launched into space for the second time on June 5 on the Shenzhou XIV mission.

Liu, 43, became China's first female astronaut in 2012, when she spent 13 days in space during the Shenzhou IX mission. During the Shenzhou XIV mission, she will stay at the Tiangong space station for six months, working with two male colleagues to complete the construction of the station.

Many people said that Liu's words allowed them to see that a national hero is also an ordinary mother, and they wished for her safe return.

"Liu fully expressed her love for her children in the letter. It brought tears to my eyes," commented one netizen on Sina Weibo, China's Twitter-like micro-blogging platform.

"I feel more confident and relaxed," Liu told the media ahead of the launch of the Shenzhou XIV mission.

"When I was about to return to the orbital module during the Shenzhou IX mission, I stopped and turned around to salute (致敬) the experimental space station module that I stayed in. At that moment, I told myself that I would come back to space in the near future. I didn't expect the 'near future' to be a decade long," Liu said.

In the letter, she encouraged her children not to be afraid of failure while pursuing their dreams. Liu added that she felt sorry that she could not be there for her son on his first day at primary school. "Although I cannot be with you, I won't love you any less," she wrote in the letter. "My babies, if you miss me, just look up into the starry sky. Every time you see the stars twinkle, it's because I' m saying 'I love you'."

Earthquakes have rocked the planet for many years. Studying the quakes of the past could help scientists better understand modern earthquakes, but tools to do such work are exiguous.

Enter zircons. Researchers used this special means to home in on the temperatures within a fault (地壳断层) during earthquakes millions of years ago. The method offers insights into the strength of long-ago quakes, and can improve the understanding of how today's earthquakes release energy, the researchers reported in the April Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems.

"The more we understand about the past, the more we can understand what might happen in the future," said Emma Armstrong, a professor specializing in earthquakes at Utah State University in Logan. Armstrong and his colleagues focused on California's Punchbowl Fault. That now-quiet portion of the larger San Andreas Fault was probably active between 1 million to 10 million years ago, Armstrong said.

Heat from friction (摩擦) is generated in a fault when it slips and touches off an earthquake. Previous analyses of preserved organic material suggested that temperatures within the Punchbowl Fault peaked between 465℃ and 1065℃. The researchers suspected that zircons in rocks from the fault could narrow that broad window. Zircons often contain the radioactive chemical elements uranium (U) and thorium ( Th), which decay (衰变) to helium (He) at a predictable rate. That helium (He) then builds up in the crystals. But when a zircon is heated past a temperature criticality value—the size of which depends on the zircon's composition—the accumulated helium (He) escapes.

Measuring the amounts of the three elements in zircons from the fault suggests that the most in-tense earthquake generated temperatures lower than 800℃. That roughly halves the range previously reported. The finding provides useful clues to the amount of heat released by quakes, something difficult to measure for modern earthquakes because they often occur at great depths. Armstrong plans to continue studying zircons, in the hope of finding more ways to take advantage of them for details about ancient quakes.

Covid-19 vaccines (疫苗) began saving lives in clinical trials. But a new study, based in part on The Economist's estimate of the pandemic's true death toll (伤亡人数), attempts to model just how many lives have been spared since vaccines became widely available to the public.

The study— published on June 23rd in Lancet Infectious Diseases— found that in the first year of vaccines that were invented and introduced to the public , jabs (注射疫苗) saved the lives of people between 19.1 million and 20.4 million. Without vaccines, the study estimates, roughly three times as many people would have died from Covid-19 in 2021 alone. And 6.8 million — 7.7millon of the prevented deaths were in countries covered by COVAX ( Covid-19 Vaccines Global Access), an initiative created to ensure vaccines were sent to poorer countries. Still, a lack of vaccines in some parts of the world still led to avoidable deaths. Around 100 countries failed to reach the World Health Organization's (WHO) goal of vaccinating 40% of their qualified populations by the end of 2021. The researchers estimate that this cost around 600,000 lives.

To arrive at these estimates, the researchers, Oliver J. Watson, Gregory Barnsley and their colleagues at Imperial College London, began with an existing transmission model used to track the spread of Covid-19 infections. They then combined this model with The Economist's estimate of the pandemic's true death toll to estimate how deadly the pandemic would have been without vaccines.

As for the study, every coin has two sides. It relies on assumptions about the share of estimated infections that led to death, for instance. Some small countries, which have limited reliable data, were not included in the analysis. That means the total number of actual avoided deaths will be even higher. On the other hand, the researchers did not attempt to model how people or governments might have changed their behavior to limit infections in the absence of vaccines. For all that, it is the most definitive answer yet to how many people owe their lives to the jabs.

There are over 7,000 languages in the world, each of which has its own features and advantages. Any individual language is perfectly capable of enabling communication..

Show Formality With A Pronoun

There are plenty of ways to show respect in English, but what English is missing is the formal "you". But English has a single, widely accepted second-person pronoun. This is also why English doesn't have a standard form for addressing more than one person.

. Back in the days of Old English, the word "thou" was the singular you and "ye" was the plural you. By the 13th century, these two had shifted, so "thou" was the informal you and "ye" was the formal one. But over the past several centuries, the pronouns shifted again: "ye" became "you" and replaced both of them.

How many vowels (元音) does English have? Well, if you look at the alphabet, it has only five: A, E, I, 0 and U. Six if you throw in Y. But if you actually listen to English, there are a lot more. English tries its best to reflect this in its writing system, but the fact of the matter is that people learning English through reading are going to struggle to figure out what vowels sound like. When you throw in different dialects and clusters (群组) like "trough, though, tough", you can see how tricky a language this really is..

You could say, then, that there's nothing on this list English "can't" do. We probably won't wake up tomorrow and suddenly have a completely different word order, but the Englishes spoken 10,50 and 100 years from now will all differ from the ones we speak today..

When the doctor performed a check in Anita's seventh month of pregnancy, he saw that her un- born child had a cleft (唇裂). "He1me to get rid of him," Anita said, tears pouring down her cheeks. "I told him I2this child. I love him and will3him forever."

When Anita showed her new baby to her neighbors, they were4"Your son looks like a monster (怪兽)" they told me and to"get rid of him". In many places around the world there is widespread and severe social shame associated with cleft conditions and families are often forced to 5newborns from their family members and communities.

Hearing her son being laughed at was not the worst of it. "When I tried to6him, the milk came out of his nose. I was7that he could die. Aljay8and loved school, but the9he experienced at school was hard to bear. They10him, and called him a monster."

When the family heard that Operation Smile was coming to Cagayan de Oro, they began11money to afford transport to get to the city. At the medical mission Anita12received the news she was waiting for: Aljay was healthy enough to receive surgery. After just over 45 minutes, his lip was13and his life was14. Today Aljay is a15boy who loves going to school and playing with other children happily.

"Hong Kong's  (big) achievement in the past 25 years lies in keeping  (maintain) its separate legal, judicial (司法的),economic, financial  (system) and lifestyle," said Regina Ip Lau Suk-yee, the member of the Executive Council and Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in an exclusive interview with China Daily.

Ip said," Hong Kong was in trouble, our motherland has always come to our rescue. I think we have to continue telling the truth, telling the real story about Hong Kong and our mother-land."

Speaking  Hong Kong's future development, Ip said after Hong Kong's industries migrated to north of the boundary, job opportunities for young people have narrowed  (considerable ). But thanks to the nation's five-year plans, Ip said Hong Kong looks forward to  ( rebuild) as .an international research and development, technology and manufacturing center in the next few years.

Ip said she thinks the new chief executive is in  good position to restructure the economy, lead the government to rebuild harmony and take the city forward. "I' m sure he  (focus) on speeding up resolving our land and housing  (short ) through the Northern Metropolis development,"Ip said.

1）利用好课余时间的重要性;

2）提出建议。

注意:

1）写作词数应为80左右;

2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Best Spend Our Leisure Time

It was a bright spring afternoon along the coast, and Jonathan Bauer, 51 and his 13-year-olddaughter, Ava, were taking full advantage of it. They were driving with the windows down as they headed home on the 1.4-mile, two-lane Route 90 bridge, which crosses the shallow waters of the bay. Suddenly, the calm was disturbed by the loud noise of tires.

Not far ahead of them, a black pickup truck was skidding (打滑) from one lane to the other. To Bauer's horror, it crashed into a concrete barrier, spun like a top, flipped over the SUV directly ahead of them, and came to rest hanging over the railing of the bridge. Bauer hit the brakes in time to avoid the vehicles in his path, but a BMW car that had hit into the guardrail on the right, came sliding backward towards him. He turned left, but too late — the BMW struck his car's fender (保险杠) before crashing into the vehicle behind him.

Bauer stopped the car. "Ava, are you OK?" he asked. She was shaken, but otherwise unhurt.

He ran to the BMW. "Are you OK?" he asked the driver. She nodded, too shocked to speak.

And then a shout. It came from the pickup truck, which had come to rest on its right side. The back passenger compartment (车厢隔间) and truck bed were hung out past the guardrail, 30 or more feet above the waters of the bay. The driver's door was open and a man climbed out. He dropped to the ground, then storming to the railing. Bauer ran up beside him. The man pointed down. In the water was a car seat. Next to it, a girl, about two years old, was terrified, floating on her back, and screaming.

From around the truck, its other passengers who had gotten clear of the compartment were looking down into the water.

Matters quickly went from bad to frightening when the girl rolled over onto her stomach. Bauer waited for the pickup truck driver to do something, but he didn't. Maybe he was in shock.

注意:

1）续写词数应为150左右;

2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

"Ava!" Bauer yelled, trying to remove his shoes. "Stay by the car!"

When the little girl was less than 10 feet away, Bauer swam to her quickly.