医疗保健类 知识点题库

    Researchers have announced the result of two studies on the health effects of the drug aspirin(阿斯匹林). One study shows aspirin can sharply reduce the chance that a healthy, older man will suffer from a heart attack.
    The study offered two new results from earlier findings. It said taking one aspirin pill every other day helped only healthy men over the age of fifty. It also said aspirin gave the greatest protection against heart attacks to men with low blood cholesterol(胆固醇) levels.
Earlier in the United States began a major aspirin study in the early 1980s. it included 22,000 healthy men doctors. All were between the ages of forty and eighty-four. More than 11,000 of the doctors took a harmless pill that contained no drug. The men did not know which kind of pill they were taking.
    The doctors who took aspirin suffered 44% fewer heart attacks than those taking the harmless pill. 139 men who took aspirin suffered from heart attacks. Ten of them died. 239 men who didn't take aspirin suffered from heart attacks. Twenty-six of them died.
    The researchers said the doctors' study provides clear proof that taking aspirin can prevent a first heart attack in healthy, older men. They said ,however, the result does not mean every man over the age of fifty should take aspirin. They said aspirin couldn't help men who do not eat healthy foods, who smoke cigarettes and who are fat. The researchers said men who think they would be helped by taking aspirin should talk with their doctors first.

    We all need to exercise．Doctors say it is good for us．It makes our heart and body strong．It also gives you more energy(能量)．And you will feel better about yourself．It's good to exercise twice a week．Twenty minutes each time is enough．
There are many ways to exercise．You can walk，run，play sports or swim．Many people go to special places to exercise．They are called “fitness centers(健康中心)”．These places have a lot of equipments(设备)．People can do different sports there．Some people buy equipments for their homes．But it is very expensive．
    Exercising can be fun．Friends can exercise together at a fitness center，or they can play sports together．How do you exercise? How often do you exercise?

      Everyone likes living in a clean and comfortable environment. If the envionment(环境) is bad, it will affect（影响）our bodies, and make us not feel well. Sometimes we may be terribly ill. At that time we don't want to work, and we have to stay in bed and rest at home. So the envrionment is very important to us.
      It's germ that makes us ill. There are germs everywhere, They are very small and you can't find them with your own eyes, but you can see them with a microscope（显微镜）. They are very small and there may be hundreds of them on a very small thing, Germs can always be found in the dirty water. When we look at dirty water under the microscope, we shall see them in it. Germs can also be found in air and dust（灰尘）. If you cut your finger, some of the dust from the floor may go into it, and you will have much pain in it. Sometimes the germs will go into all of your boby, and you will have pain everywhere.
     To keep us healthy, we should try to our best to make our environment become cleaner and tidier. This needs us to act together.

      Held on the second Wednesday of March each year, No Smoking Day helps people across the UK who want to stop smoking. The activity encourages and helps smokers to give up, and publicizes(宣传) the many sources of help offered to people. Each year over a million smokers take part in the day, while about 40,000 actually give up smoking.
      The much-publicized effects of smoking include increased risk (风险) of heart disease, lung cancer and asthma. However, smoking also causes dull skin and wrinkles. The reducedamount of oxygen getting to the skin accelerates (加速)aging, and makes the skin look sallow (病黄色的). And while many smokers believe that cigarettes help them to cope with stress (对付压力), scientific research has shown that worry levels actually go down after giving up smoking.
    Set a date and time to stop, and keep to it .Talk to your doctor about whether any kind of medicines might suit you. Find out if there is a stop-smoking health center near you .Try to get the help of your friends and family. Keep away from situation in which you used to reach for cigarette. If you need to, use nicotine patches (尼古丁戒烟贴片) or gum.
    NHS Stop-smoking Centers are all over the UK, providing free services. They have specially trained employees who can advise you on the best way to stop smoking. There are also a number of free national helpline in England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, where expert counselors can discuss with you how to give up smoking step by step.

     Yoga is a kind of sport. It is very popular around the world now. Everyone, young and old can do yoga. It's good for both men and women.

 Why do people like yoga? There's a short answer and a long answer to that question. The short answer is that yoga makes you feel better. Practising, breathing exercises and thinking make you healthier in body, mind and spirit. For many people, that's enough of an answer, but there's more if you are interested.
     Yoga began in India about 5,000 years ago. At that time, people wanted to be free, healthy and live a long life, so this kind of exercise was born. The early yoga was part of a religion (宗教). It was usually taught one to one—one teacher with one student. Yoga is an Indian word that means “to join together”. There are three parts of yoga altogether: exercise, breathing and meditation (沉思). In the past, people paid more attention to the spirit. The idea be­hind the exercise was to join the mind, body and spirit as one. Yoga can give you peace, help you feel relaxed, and have fewer worries and illnesses.  

根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

                                                                                                   A

    Hi! We are Lucy and Lily. We are sisters. We are studying in a high school. We are always wanting the weekends to come. Because on weekends there are different kinds of outdoor activities, such as going to the park, going shopping, playing ball games and so on.

    We usually go to the park on Saturdays. We often take some bread, meat, water and milk with us. It's Saturday today. We are in the park again. Father is fishing in a boat on the lake(湖). Mother is sitting and reading under the tree. We are flying a kite. Now we are drinking some water. Do you think we are happy?

根据短文理解，从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。

    Ebola (埃博拉) is a river in Africa. In 1976, a 1 virus (病毒) was found there. The virus can cause people to get very sick and even 2. So people call the virus Ebola.

    Last year Ebola caused the worst problem in western Africa, and 3 spread very quickly. Medical experts all over the world did their best to stop Ebola and to treat the people who were sick.

    Ebola 4 starts with fever and headache, kind of like the flu. But it can get worse and cause serious bleeding and 5 problems. It's very important tor infected (受感染的) people to get treatment right away. People who have Ebola need to be cared for in a special way 6 the illness doesn't spread to doctors, nurses or others in their families.        

    Doctors aren't sure how the 7 person got Ebola, but they think people picked up the virus from infected animals. People can get the virus by touching an infected person's drops of 8. But Ebola doesn't spread through food or water like some viruses 9. It also doesn't travel through the air like cold or flu viruses do. In areas where the Ebola virus is, anyone who doesn't feel 10 should get medical held immediately.

许多同学们爱喝汽水, 但这是一种健康的饮料吗？请从以下选项（A、B、C、D、E和F）中选出符合各段意思的小标题。其中一项为多余选项。

A. Children shouldn't drink too much soda. B. Water is the healthiest thing that you can drink. C. Have different kinds of fruits every day. D. Most soda is too sweet. E. Fruit juice is also a good choice. F. The more soda you drink, the thirstier you become.

    　　Most of us enjoy a can of Coca Cola from time to time. After all, who doesn't like soda (汽水) ? It's refreshing and delicious! There's a lot of information going around about whether or not soda can be part of a healthy diet.

 In fact, there are 10 teaspoons of sugar in a can of soda! The sugar makes soft drinks delicious, but of course not healthy. Too much sugar in a person's diet can lead to many health problems. One of the biggest problems about sugary soda is that drinking too much can lead to weight gain and even obesity (肥胖症).

   During hot summer days, everybody would like to drink something to avoid the strong sunlight and make them cool. Many people choose soda. But in fact, is can't solve the problem, because food additives (添加剂) in soda use the water in your body. So you may feel thirstier.

   Soda is especially not good for young people. There are many fat boys who enjoy drinking all kinds of soda very much. They need to leave these drinks right now.

 Your body needs water almost every day. And water has no calories or fat so it can't make you fat. Always take a bottle of water with you. Have a drink at any time you feel thirsty. Your body needs water to work properly.

 Try some fruit juice when you are thirsty. But you should be careful what juice and how much juice you're drinking. Remember not to put much sugar into your juice.

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 A、B、C、D中选出最佳选项。

B

    MSG (monosodium glutamate) is a food additive (食品添加剂), which has been widely used by many food factories all over the world since it appeared first in Japan in 1909.

    MSG is a substance that is added to some food to improve its original (原先的) taste and colour. It is used in foods around the world such as cakes, bread, frozen meats, fish and vegetables. In the beginning, people thought MSG was safe just like salt and sugar. However, in 1968 some people reported they seemed to have bad reactions (反应) to MSG after having had a meal at a restaurant. They included headaches and quick heartbeat (心跳). It was also reported that MSG excited a person's brain and caused his death in Japan. Scientists think that MSG may lead to many neurological disorders (神经紊乱). In mice studies done by a university, the evidence showed the mice didn't want to eat the food including MSG.

    Today many food companies "hide" MSG on food labels (标签) by using different names. If you see "natural flavorings", "hydrolyzed protein" and "spices" in a food label, you are probably seeing a hidden way to "report" MSG in a food label. Every time we have a meal in a restaurant, we always feel the food very delicious to taste, but sometimes it is dangerous for our health because some poisonous food additives have been added to the food.

    To protect people's health, our governments, from central to local, are taking actions to stop factories producing poisonous food additives.

完形填空

    Hearing is very important to all of us. We can 1 beautiful music, nice songs of birds, the laughter of people or other different kinds of 2 in the world with our ears.3 we must try to protect our ears. The following will tell you 4 protect your ears.

    Listening to 5 music a lot can be bad for ears, 6 when headphones (耳机) are used. So 7 the volume(音量) when you're wearing headphones or try not to wear headphones. You should give your ears a rest if you like wearing headphones.

    Before swimming, remember 8 earplugs (耳塞) into your ears or wear a swimming cap to stop water 9 into your ears.

    If you are going to a concert, wear earplugs to protect your ears 10 the terrible music! In fact, special earplugs can be made for you if you go to concerts a lot or if you are a musician yourself.

    See a doctor if your ears hurt. Take some medicine if the doctor asks you to do so. Follow the advice above now and you won't be saying "What?" when you are getting old.

将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空限填一词，每词只能填一次。

    Your body can tell youto eat, but it cannot tell you what to eat. People like eating all kinds of food. Ice cream and cola taste good, but they are not good for your health. You need to eat foods withnutrients(营养素). Fish, meat and eggs help you grow. Rice, bread, potatoes give you lots of energy. Fruit and vegetables give your body. There are so much delicious food for you to choose. Next time you are in a restaurant, why not try something new？

从题中所给的A、 B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

    The NCP(新冠肺炎) broke out at the end of 2019. January and February are the two 1for most Chinese people who would like to go back to their homeland to spend the Spring Festival. 2 the terrible disease broke out in Wuhan, Chinese government has made a decision to prevent the spread of the disease. At 3 same time, though many other cases have been found in many parts of China, Chinese people actively face the problems. All people work together with Wuhan to fight the disease. Doctors who don't take themselves into consideration are trying to save the 4 . What's more, there are a lot of talented scientists working on experiment day and night, hoping that the solutions could be found5.

    At this special time, we should go out as6as possible. If we go out, we must wear protective masks to 7 ourselves from being sick. Besides, we should keep good healthy habits and wash 8 hands properly (正确地). Exercising every day is also one of the most important ways to help us stay away from the virus (病毒).

    At present, the number of people 9 are infectious (传染的) is still increasing. However, as many Chinese say "come on, Wuhan!", we strongly believe we are all 10 this war and we can only stop it together.

阅读理解

    All my friends at school smoked(吸烟). My dad smoked. He didn't want me to smoke but my friends kept saying I was stupid. They asked when I was going to grow up. So I started smoking when I was sixteen and after a month I couldn't stop. But two years later I could feel what smoking was doing to me. I couldn't run far, and I coughed( 咳嗽 )every morning. I got very ill and decided to stop. It wasn't easy, but now I've done it, and I feel better. Now I have money for other things.

    If you smoke, you are twice likely to get a heart attack(心脏病). And the more you smoke,the earlier the heart attack is likely to get. For example, a 50-year-old who smokes more than 20 cigarettes a day is four times more likely to have heart disease than a non-smoker of the same age.

    What does smoking do to the heart? First of all, it makes the heart beat faster and increases the blood pressure(血压) .The cigarette smoke also reduces(减少) the amount of oxygen(氧气) in the blood. Consequently, the heart has to work harder, with less oxygen Finally, your arteries(动脉) will narrow(变窄) faster if you smoke.

    So if you want to reduce your chances of getting heart diseases, the answer is easy - not to smoke. Don't copy your friends and other people who smoke. If you smoke find out how to stop.Stopping isn't easy, but you' ll be healthier

阅读下面一篇短文，理解大意，然后从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。

Doctors diagnose (诊断) patients online. Robots help to send food to 1. Drones (无人机) monitor people in crowds. We are using new ways to fight the novel corona virus. They are safe. They can help people 2 in touch with each other. Let's meet these high-tech helpers!

Tele-medicine (远程医疗) system

With remote video system, doctors can diagnose patients without seeing them in person. Also, doctors from different hospitals can have a meeting by using the system 3. This saves a lot of time. Both Huoshenshan and Leishenshan hospitals have this system.

Drones warn people in groups

In some rural places, police use drones to monitor people in groups. When the drone 4 big groups of people, police will warn them through the loudspeaker on the drone. In some places, people also use drones to disinfect (消毒) their 5.

3D "hospital"

A company in Shanghai 6 15 rooms by using 3D technology. They sent the rooms to Hubei for patients to live in. Each room is about the 7 of your bedroom. A 3D printer takes 24 hours to build the rooms.

AI system check for fever

At the Mudanyuan subway station in Beijing, an AI system can check people in crowds to see 8 they have fevers. When people 9, the system scans people's faces. The system can check about 300 people in one minute.

Smart robots

Time to eat! In some hospitals, smart robots help to deliver food to patients. The robots can also help to 10 medicine and show the way to people.

从方框中选择正确的选项，完成短文，并将其字母序号写在短文后面的横线上。(方框中有两个选项是多余的)

    What should we do healthy? One important rule is to exercise often. Mr Fang tries to exercise every day. Mr Fang. exercise in the morning because he must get to work at exactly seven o'clock. he runs every evening. He walks a lot, . He walks 10 work every day, and alter work he different sports with his friends. Mr Fang goes to a yoga(瑜伽) class twice a week. But it wasn't this way. Last year Mr Fang often everywhere in his car, even to the shop two blocks(街区) away. He thought he had to use the car all the time. He wouldn't walk, Mr Fang better now. He believes he shouldn't be . We needn't exercise every day, but we should try our to exercise. Is often in possible.

阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

The COVID-19 virus is still spreading around the world. It hangs over all of us. But some good news about vaccines (疫苗) for COVID-19 is bringing us closer to ending this terrible pandemic.

On Dec.8, the UK rolled out (推出)a vaccine made by Pfizer and BioNTech. The US 1 its own COVID-19 vaccine rollout nationwide on Dec.14, Xinhua reported.

China will start vaccinating high­risk groups over the winter, Zeng Yixin, deputy head of the National Health Commission(NHC,国家卫生健康委员会),said at a press conference2Dec. 19.

This means that those who work in the cold­chain industry, healthcare, customs(海关), seafood markets3public transportation are among those who will receive the vaccine first. Their work puts them at 4  risk of being infected(感染).

This is the first step in China's COVID­19 vaccination plan, Zeng said. As more vaccines are approved (批准) and5, elderly people, people with underlying conditions(基础疾病)and the general public will receive vaccines in an orderly manner.

China's COVID-19 vaccines can offer effective 6 for at least six months, Zeng7.Vaccination trials(实验) have shown that the vaccines are safe and effective.

As for those who are not among the first to receive vaccines, officials at the NHC said there's no need8. "Wearing masks in public places, practicing social distance and washing hands are protective9that have been proven to be very   10," said Cui Gang, a senior NHC official.

阅读理解

School Gardens Could Help Children Try More Vegetables

It's not always enjoyable for children to eat vegetables. But what if a garden is built in the school? New research suggests that a gardening program in schools can increase children's vegetable intake(摄入量) .

How the Study Was Carried Out

The study was carried out in eight schools, Each school was in the gardening program for one school year. Every child in grades 3-5 received a total of eighteen 60-minute lessons across the school year. In the program, each school built a garden, where children learned to grow their own fresh produce, like fruit and vegetables.

The Benefits Children Could Get

The study found that vegetable intake if the children who grew their own produce increased greatly across the year. Related studies show that increased vegetable intake can improve health and cut the risk of chronic diseases(慢性疾病). Not only are there benefits to health, increasing the variety of vegetables children are exposed(接触)to may also make mealtimes much easier." Children who are often exposed to a variety of vegetables are more likely to try new foods," explains Dr. Kerry Jones. For children, growing their own food is a powerful tool to increase their intake of the food.

______

Any opportunity to expose children to more vegetables is meaningful. "If children are learning about vegetables at school, it's important to encourage this interest," says Jones. Parents can listen to their children about what they have learned and read the handouts they bring home from school. Parents and children can also read books together. Younger children can enjoy reading stories about vegetables with parents who offer useful message. Older children may enjoy searching through cookbooks with parents to find new dinner ideas to cook vegetables in a tasty way. Besides, a small planter box in a sunny part at home can encourage children to understand more about where their food comes from.

Teaching children to grow their own produce is a great way to increase their preference for the produce. If children are taught to enjoy vegetables early in life, they will probably continue eating vegetables in the long term.

根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

People didn't pay much attention to their health in the past, but now more and more people try to make sure that they are healthy.

Do exercise every day. There are many ways to do exercise in daily life.  Some people think that doing simple things like cleaning the house is helpful. Other people think that doing exercise such as running or playing ball games is good.

Eat healthy food. It is good for your health to eat healthy food. You should eat more vegetables and fruits but less junk food every day.

Today many people have stress (压力) in their life, but we should try to relax ourselves. In fact, you can never keep yourself away from stress in life.  So you need to know the reason for the stress and find ways to feel better. Thinking about things in an active way can also reduce stress. Try to live for now, and don't worry about the future.

A. Pick up a hobby.

B. It is always with you.

C. Learn to relax yourself.

D. It's bad for your health to sit for a long time.

E. Now let me tell you some ways to keep healthy.

F. People have different ideas about ways to exercise.

G Healthy food plays an important role in a strong body.

任务型阅读

We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day. Forty-five percent exercise four to six times a week. Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. And twenty percent do not exercise at all!

If you go without sleep, you might have problems with your memory or with your concentration(注意力).In order to concentrate at school or perform well in tests, we really need to get a good night's sleep.

Dr. Green says all these activities can cause a lot of stress for children. Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves, too. Although it's normal to want successful children, it's even more important to have happy children.

Yes, you knew I was going to say this! It is so important. Smoking is not cool. It is dangerous. It harms nearly every part of your body. Think about how your family and friends will feel, and think about what it will do to your health.

I have never been very active, and I do not like sports. I have always wanted a pet, so my parents gave me a dog for my birthday. Now I get exercise by taking him for a walk every day. Now I feel really healthy.

Choose the best topic from A to F according to the meaning of the passage.

A. Not getting enough sleep has effects on our brain's work. B. Have a healthy diet! C. Say no to smoking! D. Our survey about doing exercise. E. Taking my pet for a walk makes me healthy. F. Too much pressure is not good for a child's development.

阅读理解

When you cut your skin, you bleed(流血). If a person loses a lot of blood, he will become ill and may die. Blood is very important. People have always known that. At one time, some people even drank blood to make them strong!

When doctors understand how blood goes around inside the body, they try ways of giving blood to people who need it. They take blood from the healthy people and give it to the people who need it. This is called "blood transfusion". The blood goes from the arm of the healthy person into the arm of the sick person.

But there are two problems. First, it does not always work. Sometimes people die when they have blood transfusion. Later, doctors find that we do not all have the same kind of blood. There are four groups—O, A, B and AB. We all have blood of one of these groups. They should give people the right kind of blood. I have O group blood and the doctor told me I could give blood to anyone else safely.

There is another problem. To give blood of the right kind, doctors have to find a person of the right blood group. Often they cannot find a person in time. If they have a way to keep the blood until someone needs it, they can always have the right kind of blood. At first, they find they can keep it in bottles for fifteen to twenty days. Then they find how to keep it longer. In the end, they find a way of keeping blood for a very long time.