政治经济文化类 知识点题库

When you visit Taiwan，Green Island is a wonderful place not to be missed.
Green Island，with clear blue water around it，is an island in the Pacific Ocean,33 kilometers east of Taitung. The old name for Green Island was Huoshandao，meaning “fireburning island”. The island got its name because people on the island used to set up fires at night to help people who went fishing home. Another story goes that in the Qing Dynasty there was a fire and most of the island's trees and grass died. The coastline(海岸) of the island is only 20 kilometers long，the tallest mountain is only 281 meters high and the island is only 15 km2，but it is attracting(吸引) a growing number of tourists.
Green Island has a lot of interests that make it a place where people like to go：seaside，a clean white beach， greengrasslands， seawater， hot springs，beautiful undersea sights，and a great many plants and animals. Another thing of Green Island that people are interested in is its rocks in different shapes. “Sleeping Beauty” and “Pekinese Dog” are the two most strangely shaped ones. There are also other interests which one cannot miss. The green hills，blue sea，clear sky，and ocean gentle winds make a “must” for you.

Walking in the street in the USA or the UK, you can often hear people talking about the weather. "Lovely day, isn’t it?" "It's cold, isn’t it?" and so ox
Americans and English people like talking about the weather. This makes lots of Chinese puzzled（困惑）. But they talk about the weather not only because the weather there changes a lot, but also they do not like to talk with others about private things like age, family and income. Stay with strangers, people all like talking about the weather, then they can talk about other things naturally（自然）. They think if you like spring, you have a warm heart; if you like summer, you have a great will; if you like autumn, you have abundant feeling（丰富的感情）；if you like winter, you have a vast mind（广阔的胸怀）．

   The most unusual museum in London is the Science Museum. In most museums, there's no shouting and no running, and you aren't allowed to touch the exhibits(展品). But the Science Museum is different, because it's noisy! People talk about what they can see and do there, and some of the machines are noisy as well. Visiting the Science Museum is fun and it's a great way to learn about science because you can work things out and try out ideas.
   When I visit the Science Museum, I go to the Launch Pad. This is my favourite room because you can do physics experiments. For example, if you want to fill a bag with  falling sand, you have to move a kind of truck on wheels into the correct position. I also go to the Rocket Show. You can learn how we travel into space and back again.
   Then I go upstairs to Human and Nature room. You can compare your speed with animals there. You hear a noise and push a button(按钮). If you aren't fast enough, the lion catches you! I'm faster than all my friends, but the lion still catches me.
   There are also rooms on transport, the environment and space technology, as well as maths, physics and chemistry.
   You can do a lot of things in this museum, but you have to obey some rules as well. For example, you mustn't take photos of the exhibits in the museum. But you can buy postcards of them in the museum shops.
   Above all, the Science Museum is free. That means you can drop in for a few minutes or you can stay as long as you like—it's open every day, from 10 am to 6 pm. So if you ever go to London, make sure you visit the Science Museum. It's my favourite museum in the whole world.

Television is good. You’d like to watch it all day and all night. But too much TV is a very bad thing. Scientists found that kids who watch too much TV may have more trouble learning to read. They can’t focus on their work.
Kids learn language skills best by reading, talking and playing with others. If they spend too much time watching TV, they’ll have less time for those things. Watching too much TV is bad for people's health. People don’t move much while watching TV. What's more, they may eat a lot of food while watching. This can make them fat. We call these people couch potatoes.
Fighting on TV is a big problem for kids. Yong people are good at following. Scientists have found that those who watch a lot of fighting shows are more likely to fight.

   Every day in China, about 200 million children go to school. Many of them take school buses. What should we do to keep these students safe on the road?
   On April 5, the State Council (国务院) published new rules about school bus safety. These new rules are much stricter than the old ones.
Under the new rules, local governments must make sure that students attend nearby schools or boarding (寄宿的) schools to reduce traffic risks. Also, local governments must help kids in the countryside reach their school buses.
   From now on, school buses have a speed limit of 80km per hour on highways and 60km per hour on normal roads. While on the road, other cars must let school buses go first.
   The new rules also say that school buses must never be overloaded (超载的). They have a speed limit of 80 km per hour on highways and 60 km per hour on normal roads.
   There are many other rules as well. A school bus must have more than seven seats. On each bus, there must be at least one adult to keep an eye on the kids. Each school bus must have a fire extinguisher (灭火器), a first aid kit (急救箱) and a GPS.
   Last year, a series of school bus accidents happened in China. To stop such accidents, the Central Government decided to strengthen the rules for school buses.
   The most serious accident happened in November in Gansu, when a nine-seat minibus crashed. There were 62 children inside, and 21 of them died.

When you are feeling unhappy or forget how great you are, these are six ways to make you feel good about yourself.
1) Look in the mirror and say to yourself, “I am a special person and there's no one in the world like me. I can do anything!” It may not sound so good, but it really works!
2) Do something nice for someone. Helping others always makes you feel good.
3) Smile! Be friendly to people you meet. Look for the good things in your friends and family.
4) Learn something new! Have you always wanted to decorate your own room or learn how to swim? New challenges are fun and give you a sense of accomplishment when you have finished.
5) Read and start a diary. Turn off the TV and let your imagination fly! Write down your thoughts, dreams or anything you want! Writing always helps to express your feelings.
6) Stay with your family. We all need our family time. Talk with your Mum or Dad or maybe even your cousin.

   Stress is everywhere in our everyday life. Not only men have it, but also women and young people.
   The most important reasons of stress are: death, diseases, exams, making money, getting married, moving houses, changing jobs, ending friendships and so on.
   How do you know whether you have stress or not? Could you give your answers to the following questions?

Do you...	Yes	No
Easily get angry?
Often sleep badly?
Get headaches a lot?
Take medicine to help sleep?
Find it difficult to relax?
Usually hide your feeling?
Smoke and drink a lot to keep quiet?
Find it difficult to put your heart into something?

   If your answer "Yes" to more than two of these questions, you are one of those people with stress. So what can you do about it?
   Doing relaxing exercises, talking with friends and listening to light music are all usual ways of relieving (减轻) stress. However, doctors now say that there are easier ways-people should laugh and smile more often. When you laugh and smile, your body relaxes. They also say that people, especially men, should   X  more often, because crying is a natural way of relieving stress.

Canada, the second largest country in the world, lies in the north of America. The population of Canada is about 29 million and the capital is Ottawa. The country covers about 9,980,000 square kilometers and six of the world's 24 time areas (时区) as well.
There are two official languages spoken in Canada: French and English. Many people can speak both English and French. More than 60% of Canadians speak English as their language. About 25% of the Canadians speak French. In one province of Canada where French is the common language, the programmes on TV and radios as well as the teaching in schools are all in French. Today, Chinese has become the first inofficial(非官方的) language in Canada.
Canada's climate is not as cold all year around as some may believe. In winter, temperatures fall below freezing point throughout most of Canada. In summer, the southern provinces often experience high levels of temperatures that can reach over 30℃ regularly. The weather in Canada is just like the weather in China. It is rather cold in the north while it is fairly warm in the south. Winters in the north last long with snow for half a year. As the cold northern climate, only one-fifth of the land is suitable for farming.
As it is known to all, Canada has one-third of the world's supply of fresh water. It has many great lakes. There are five great lakes in the south. And there are many others, especially in the north. It is also rich in natural resources, such as coal, oil, natural gas of which Canadians make use to produce energy.
People of northern Canada are called Inuit (因纽特人), who came from Asia and settled in Canada about 4,000 years ago. They used to travel around from place to place with teams of dogs which pulled their baggage. Now, they seldom move. There are about 2,500 Inuit in all. The government has started a new school project in which Inuit teach their own young children. So it is hoped that the way of Inuit life will be kept alive for more centuries.

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      Do you remember the first word that you spoke? If you can, you are unusual. Suppose what your life was like during the first few months. I'm sure that it took your most time to eat，sleep and cry. As you grew older you slept less. Your parents would spend more time playing with you and talking to you. You watched and listened. You got to know that people make some sounds to go with some things.

      Then you began to cry and to make sounds you heard. And little by little you could make right sound for one thing.

      Then you got to understand the secret of the language. It is that a certain sound means a certain thing. One sound could be as good as another. But it is not so good as a word if everybody doesn't agree on its meaning. Only when a group of people make and use the same set of sounds of things they can understand each other. Their own language comes into being.

      After you knew the “secret” you learned words. Some of the words meant things such as cars, books, birds and stores. Some of the words meant movements such as come, fly and swim. And other words express things such as “I would like to make friends with you.” This is language that people can communicate by the way of language. That is to say, languages mean communication.

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    Idioms(成语) are phrases and sentences that do not mean exactly what they say. Even if you know the meaning of each word you see or hear, you may not understand the idiom because you don't understand the culture behind it.

    For example, if an American boy asks his mother what's for dinner tomorrow, she may say “I'll play it by ear”, that means she doesn't have plans for dinner and she will decide later. “Play by ear” used to mean playing music using the sheet music(活页乐谱), but now people often use it when they're not talking about music.

    There're many idioms in English. If you learn to use them, your English will be more vivid and colorful. English idioms are more common in spoken English. They can be difficult to remember sometimes. Next time when you hear somebody saying to you, “Give me a hand”, you don't necessarily reach out your hand to him/her, but you do need to be helpful. And when the situation is out of hand, you usually can do very little to manage all that. What about a green hand? It's not about the color of your hand! You're a green hand when you are very new at your work and don't have much experience. If you and your partner always work together hand in glove, you two certainly work together very well.

    Can you guess the meanings of some common English idioms to do with parts of your body?

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    Canada is the second largest country in the world. It is over 7，000 kilometers from the 1 coast（海岸）to the east. It 2 six time zones. 3 it is 9 a. m. in Vancouver on the west coast，it is 1：30 p.m. in St John's on the east coast.

    English and French 4 the two main languages in Canada. About 60 percent of 5 people speak English， and about 25 percent speak French. More 6 70 percent of its population live in cities near the US border（边境）.

    Ottawa is the capital. Every year millions of tourists go there to7 museums and take part in the cultural（文化的）activities. Toronto is the largest city of the country 8 about 2. 5 million people. Montreal is 9 second biggest French-speaking city in the world.

    The maple leaf is the national symbol of Canada. The Canadian flag has a red maple leaf on a red 10 white background.

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    Over the years, fried chips have become known worldwide and been enjoyed by adults and children in almost all countries. But do you know the world's First Potato Fry Museum was opened in November, 2013 in Belgium? For the fans of fried chips (French fries), they have a museum of their own!

    The world's first museum of chips, was set up by Eddy Van Belle and his son in Belgium. The museum calls itself "the first and only museum for potato fries".

    Eddy and his son are always proud of their favorite food. Eddy said, "Over the years, fries have become popular throughout the world. We are so proud that they originated from Belgium."

    "So it is normal and necessary that the first fried chips museum is opened in Belgium," Eddy added.

    The museum is in an ancient building with two floors. The museum shows a lot of exhibits, including ancient potato cutters, chip-making machines, and the pictures about the history of potatoes. You can see different potatoes and chips. You can also learn to make chips. It's a great place to learn about the history of fries and enjoy eating them, too! Do you know the biggest fun in the museum? You can eat many kinds of chips!

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    February 14th, Valentine's Day, is a complicated but interesting occasion. First of all, Valentine's Day is not a holiday from work. No one gets a day off. In many countries it is observed by sending cards to your friends and candies or flowers to your husband or wife if you're married, or to your boyfriend or girlfriend if you're not married. In Japan, some girls even give their fathers chocolates.

    Why is this holiday for people in love called Valentine's Day?

    One explanation comes from a Christian man whose name was something like "Valentine". He lived at a time when the Roman Emperor refused to allow any Roman soldiers to get married for any reason. Many couples came to Valentine to be married. So he would secretly marry them in a Christian ceremony. He was discovered and put in prison by the Emperor. One tradition says that he wrote notes to his friends by marking on leaves and then throwing them out of the window of his prison. The leaves were shaped like a heart. Valentine was killed on February 14th and Valentine's Day recalls his tragic death.

    On Valentine's Day, American elementary school children make or buy Valentine cards, write the name of a classmate on them, and take them to school and put them in a special Valentine's Day box. And then on that day the box is opened, the cards are taken out and given out.

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    We have three meals a day. In the morning, we have breakfast. It is at about 6 or 7 o'clock. Breakfast should be good. We can have milk, eggs, and other things. Some students often have no breakfast. It is very bad for their heath. In China, lunch is the main meal of the day. It is at about 12 o'clock. It is a big meal. There are often three or four dishes. We should be full after lunch. We usually have supper at about 6 or 7 o'clock in the evening. We should have a small supper. But in England， people call the main meal dinner. It often means supper.

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    The World Memory Championships is an organized competition of memory sports in which competitors memorize as much information as possible within a given period of time. Tony Buzan, the founder of the competition, believes that everyone can improve their memories. The first World Memory Championship was held in London in 1991 and London kept holding the following ten competitions. It takes place every year, with the exception of 1992. The winner of the first competition was Dominic O'Brien, so was the second competition.

    The 19th and 20th World Memory Championships were held in Guangzhou, China. 130 competitors from all over the world gathered there in the 20th World Memory Championships. Over the following three days, the competitors had mental boundaries (限度) tested by memorizing numbers, images, dates, names and faces, as well as packs of cards, all against the clock. The prize was to become the next Grand Memory Master. More than a quarter of the competitors were female and the oldest was 74 years old. Many of the competitors believed the memorizing techniques they practiced could help them achieve other goals in life. But for that moment, their focus was all in their heads.

    Wang Feng, the winner of the 20th World Memory Championships, made the record by memorizing 2660 numbers within an hour. He said, "I won the Championship last year. To keep the achievement, I had to practice 5 to 6 hours every day over the last three months."

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Question: Are you punctual(守时的)? Posted April 3, 2019 by Billy

I'm punctual in my work life, but not in my personal life. However, it's OK in my country. We, Brazilians, are always late: if the party is at eight, everyone shows up at ten and everyone, including the host, is happy that we are on time. Cheers! Lisa Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Of course! My friends and I all believe that showing up late for an appointment (约会) or class is an insult(冒犯) to the person(s) we are meeting. It seems to say, "My time is more important than yours." Vera Lausanne. Switzerland

Not only am I punctual, but I am always early for most events in my life. The secret is (and it really works!): I keep all the clocks (except my computer) in my life 10 minutes fast! Wang Cai Shenzhen, China

For an appointment, I always make sure I'm on time. Once I had a friend who was always late for every meeting. If we made it at 9 and it was a 45-minute trip for her, then she would arrive at 9: 45. I liked her a lot, but could not stand the unpunctuality. Bud Berlim, Germany

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    Reading is very important. World Book Day falls on April 23 every year. It encourages people, especially teenagers, to discover the pleasure of reading. It is also the day to honor (尊敬) great writers.

    Many countries celebrate (庆祝) World Book Day. On that day, millions of school children can buy books at a much lower price than usual in any bookstore in England. It has been done every year since 1998. World Book Day is also celebrated in China. Wen Jiabao, Premier of China, is an avid reader. He does lots of reading every day though he is very busy. On World Book Day 2009, he called on (号召) people to do more reading. Wen suggested that young people should spend more time reading. "Books can not change the world, but people can change the world by changing themselves through reading," he said.

    Reading helps us become more knowledgeable and smarter. Reading helps us to follow the latest developments of science and technology (技术). Reading gives us information about other cultures and places in the world. Reading is also one of the most important ways to learn a foreign language like English. We all know that it is difficult to learn everything in the classroom, for example, the ways English people are living and working today can be learnt by reading.

    Books, magazines, newspapers and other kinds of reading materials can help us to know more about the outside world. Therefore, it is necessary for us to spend time reading every day.

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    Many people love keeping the pets and have them as their good friends. In Canada, people usually take their pets to animal hospitals to give them injections(注射)so that they won't carry diseases(疾病)before they keep them in their houses. They have special animal food stores, though they can get animal food in almost every kind of stores. Some people spend around two hundred dollars a month on animal food.

    When you visit people's houses, they would be very glad to show you their pets and they are very proud of them. You will also find that almost every family has a bird feeder in their garden. All kinds of birds are welcomed to come and have a good meal. They are free to come and go and nobody is allowed to kill any animal in Canada. They have a law against killing wild animals. If you kill an animal, you will be punished. If an animal happens to get run over by a car, people will be very sad about it.

    People in Canada have many reasons to like animals. One of them might be: Their family ties are not as close as ours. When children grow up, they leave their parents and start their own life.

    Then the old will feel lonely. But pets can solve this problem. They can be good friends and never leave them alone.

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    A new Metro train for Metro Line 6 has arrived at Changzhen Depot(车库) in Guangming District, marking the start of tests for the operation of Line 6, which will be put into use in June 2020.

    Metro Line 6 has a major line in Phase I and an extension(延长) line in Phase II. Phase I runs 37 kilometers from Shenzhen North Station to Songgang Station, covering Bao'an, Longhua and Guangming districts. It has 20 stations, including six stations interchanging(换乘) with lines 4, 5, 11 and 13. With holding at least 2,502 passengers, the six—carriage train was designed to run at 100 kilometers per hour.

    The extension line starts at Shenzhen North Station and runs southward to Shenzhen Science Museum. The 11.77—km extension line has seven stations, including five interchange stations with lines 1, 3, 7 and 9.

    In another development, Metro Line 9's extension line is expected to open before the end of the year. Once it is put into operation, a trip between Qianhai and Wenjin in Luohu District will take 44 minutes. The 10.8—km extension line is a major rail linking(连接) Qianhai, Nanyou and Shenzhen Technology Park with Luohu and Futian districts. It starts at Hongshuwan South Station and ends at Qianwan in Qianhai with 10 stations, including five interchange stations with lines 5, 11, 12, 13 and 15.

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Interesting Festivals in The World

Throwing tomatoes—Spain     Spain takes "tomatoes fights" to a whole new level. But the tomatoes are being thrown, not eaten. The festival takes place during the last Wednesday in August. Trucks carry tomatoes into the square. People rush to the tomatoes and throw them into the crowd.

Rolling cheese—England     This festival is celebrated on the last Monday in May. It takes place on Cooper's Hill. A large wheel of cheese is rolled down Cooper's Hill. The festival is actually a race where people run down the hill after the rolling cheese. The first person to cross the finish line at the bottom of the hill wins the cheese.

Burning man—The United States     The Burning Man Festival lasts a week. It is from the Monday before Labor Day to Labor Day(which falls on the first Monday in September in America). The festival takes place in the Black Rock Desert. The best part of the festival is the burning of a large sculpture of a man.

Pouring water—Thailand     The Songkran Festival is the celebration of the New Year in Thailand. Rather than a single day, Thailand celebrates the New Year from April 13th to April 15th. Thai people run after each other, pouring water. Songkran is one of the most important reasons why foreigners travel to the beautiful land.