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For long, there was a little boy with a bad temper. His father gave him a bag of nails and told him that every time he lost his temper, he would hammer a nail in the back fence.
The first day the boy had driven 37 nails into the fence. Then it gradually dwindled(逐渐减少) down. He discovered it was easier to hold his temper than to drive those nails into the fence. Finally the day came when the boy didn't lose his temper at all.
He told his father about it and the father suggested that the boy now pull out one nail for each day when he was able to hold his temper. The days passed and the young boy was finally able to tell his father that all the nails were gone. The father took his son by the hand and led him to the fence. He said, “You have done well, my son, but look at the holes in the fence. The fence will never be the same. When you say things in anger, they leave a scar just like this one. You can put a knife in a man and draw it out. It won't matter how many times you say I'm sorry, the wound is still there. A verbal (言语的) wound is as bad as a physical one. Friends are a very rare jewel, indeed. They make you smile and encourage you to succeed. They lend an ear, they share a word of praise, and they always want to open their hearts to us. Show your friends how much you care.”
【写作内容】
⑴用约30个词概括上文的主要内容。
⑵用约90个词发表你的看法，内容包括：
①愤怒的负面影响；
②通过你或你身边的例子说明愤怒的负面影响；
③在你愤怒的时候你将怎么控制自己的情绪。
【写作要求】
⑴写作时，可以参考阅读材料，但不得直接引用原文；
⑵作文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；
⑶不必写标题
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。
Once upon a time some tiny frogs held a competition. The first to reach the top of a very high tower would be the winner.
A big crowd gathered around the tower to see the race and cheer them on.
The race began. No one in the crowd really believed that any of the tiny frogs would reach the top of tower. “They will never get to the top! They will never succeed!” someone said.
One by one, the tiny frogs began to collapse (退下).
The crowd kept shouting, “It is too difficult! No frog will make it!”
More tiny frogs got tired and gave up, but one continued climbing, higher and higher. This one wouldn't give up.
In the end, he was the only one left—the only one to get to the top. The other frogs naturally wanted to know: How did the frog make it？
One frog stepped forward to ask the winner. It turned out that the winner was deaf.
He had won because he was able to keep his own mind. He was able to keep trying. He couldn't hear criticism; neither could he hear praise.
We learn a lesson from this story: don't let others' praise or criticism to hold you back on your way to succeed.
【写作内容】
( 1 ) 以约30个词概括寓言故事的大意。
( 2 ) 然后以120个词就“如何对待别人的批评和表扬”这个主题发表你的看法, 并包括如下要点：1) 叙述着个寓言给你的启示以及你对他人的批评和表扬的态度；2 以事例说明他人的批评或表扬给你的感受和对你的影响；3) 谈谈中学生应该如何对待老师的批评和表扬。
【写作要求】
( 1 ) 可以使用自己或他人的故事, 也可以参照阅读材料的内容, 但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
【评分标准】
概括准确、语言规范、内容合适、篇章连贯。
When was the last time you had fun with your parents? Your parents are all busy during working days; during the weekends, you may want to hang out with them but they may have to work extra hours.
This is not uncommon. In China, both of the parents have their jobs. Most of the parents try their best to offer their children comfortable circumstances, but they seldom have time to stay with their children. A recent survey done in the US found that more than half of American parents spend less than three hours having fun with their children each week.
As the Daily Mail noted: Families are spending little quality time creating bonds and precious memories together during the week because of the demands of modern life.
【写作内容】
1)用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；
2)简要分析父母陪伴孩子的时间越来越少的原因；
3)结合自己的经历，谈谈父母多陪伴孩子对其孩子的影响。
【写作要求】1)写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；
2)作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3)不必写标题。(陪伴: accompany v.)
Editor's note: China is the top country of origin for international students in the US, with more than 274,000 Chinese students reportedly accounting for 31 percent of all international students at US universities. Many Chinese parents save up a lot of money for their children to pursue an overseas education. Is it worth spending big to study abroad? You are welcome to leave your comments.
Arsa (Russia): I went to study abroad when I was 17. First year was a total waste as I met plenty of Russian students in my college and we spent most of our time shopping and hanging out at cafes, it wasn't until two years later that I realized that my English hadn't improved. I changed my mindset entirely and started studying hard. I ended up staying in UK for 10 years, which opened a lot of doors and introduced me to great people, so I'm all for studying abroad.
Truth (US): There is an assumption that American education is the best in the world, so Chinese parents are pushing their kids to American colleges. And some are even sending their children overseas at junior or high school level. I often feel this is a mistake as the education a Chinese child gets in a foreign country is very different from what they are used to and they often struggle. Some students have trouble understanding their lecturers and their assignments keep coming back with poor scores.
【写作内容】
1). 用约30个单词写出上文概要；
2). 用约120个单词发表你的观点，内容包括：
( 1 )支持或反对“国外留学”；
( 2 )用2至3个理由或论据支撑你的观点。
The eight-year-old Carol lived with her father David, Mother May and elder brother Rob. The little family happily lived in a beautiful village surrounded with beautiful nature. The village was at the foot of a mountain, with beautiful views of the snowy mountain. The family survived on growing seasonal plants and trees. Their life is totally surrounded by nature and beauty.
While they lived a very happy life, Carol did not love the beautiful atmosphere of the village. She really wanted to move into the city and enjoy the city life. She wanted to shop, move around the city, watch movies, and eat in fantastic restaurants and cafes, etc.
However, there was hardly any chance that Carol's family moved to the city as they had everything in the village.
One day, Carol fell asleep during the early noon and she had a sound sleep. Of course, she had a strange dream. She saw her grandmother in her dream as a fairy and her deceased grandmother granted her a wish. Carol requested her that she should love to enjoy the city life as she always desired.
Grandmother understood the desire of Carol, but still wanted to convince her that the peaceful village life is better than the city life.
She told Carol, “Baby, you cannot have access to fresh fruits and vegetables from plants as you have at your home. You cannot breathe fresh air. You cannot play with animals. You can hardly find any trees. You will not find peace as you see here! Do you still want to go to the city?”
Without hearing the concerns, Carol asked her grandmother to grant the wish. Grandmother granted her wish, but with a condition. Carol was told that she would only have 6 hours to spend in the city. Later, she would return to the village. Carol agreed.
注意:
1)所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2)至少使用 5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3)续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4)续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
Carol then found herself in the city with her friends.
Paragraph 2:
Carol's brother Rob was calling her for lunch and Carol woke up.
An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son. Suddenly a crow（乌鸦）perched（栖息）on their window.
The father asked his son, “What is this?” The son replied, “It is a crow.”
After a few minutes, the father asked his son for the second time, “What is this?” The son said, “Father, I have just now told you, it's a crow!”
After a little while, the old father again asked his son for the third time, “What is this?”
At this time some expression of irritation（恼怒）was felt in the son's tone when he said to his father with a rebuff（生硬回绝）. “It's a crow, a crow.” A little while later, the father again asked his son the fourth time, “What is this?”
This time, the son shouted at his father, “Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again, although I have told you so many times 'IT IS A CROW'. Are you not able to understand this?”
A little while later the father went to his room and came back with an old tattered（发皱的）diary, which he had maintained since his son was born. On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page. When the son read it, the following words were written in the diary:
“Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa, when a crow was sitting on the window. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied to him all 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question. I did not at all feel irritated but I rather felt affection for my innocent son,
注意：
1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2）应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
After reading the diary
Paragraph 2:
Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father
An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son. Suddenly a crow（乌鸦）perched（栖息）on their window.
The father asked his son, "What is this?" The son replied, "It is a crow."
After a few minutes, the father asked his son for the second time, "What is this?" The son said, "Father, I have just now told you, it's a crow!"
After a little while, the old father again asked his son for the third time, "What is this?"
At this time some expression of irritation（恼怒）was felt in the son's tone when he said to his father with a rebuff（生硬回绝）. "It's a crow, a crow." A little while later, the father again asked his son the fourth time, "What is this?"
This time, the son shouted at his father, "Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again, although I have told you so many times 'IT IS A CROW'. Are you not able to understand this?"
A little while later the father went to his room and came back with an old tattered（发皱的）diary, which he had maintained since his son was born. On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page. When the son read it, the following words were written in the diary:
"Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa, when a crow was sitting on the window. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied to him all 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question. I did not at all feel irritated but I rather felt affection for my innocent son,
注意：
1）所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2）应使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3）续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4）续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
After reading the diary
Paragraph 2:
Feeling ashamed, the son got down on his knees before his father
Holding Parents Responsible—An Unfair Punishment
The rise in teen crime suggests that some parents are failing at their parental tasks. To correct the problem, lawmakers in some states require parents to serve jail time. They hope that this punishment will motivate parents to take their responsibilities seriously.
Despite public support for parental responsibility laws, many people think that the laws are unfair. They suggest that parents should not be punished for the criminal acts of their children, unless it can be shown there is a related fault on the parents' part. For example, if young teenagers are arrested for drinking alcohol supplied by parents, then parents should be held responsible because they helped the teenagers break the law. People who oppose parental responsibility laws also believe that punishing parents is unlikely to create a change in the kids' behavior. These people argue that parents may not be at fault. The children of good parents can fall in with the wrong kids and get into trouble, they say. Worse yet, if mom is in jail, there may be no one at all to control her kid. That lack of control may then lead to more crime.
The unfortunate fact is that jailing a mom or dad punishes the rest of the family. The jailed parent cannot work to help feed the family or pay the rent. A parent who is sent to jail for the crimes of a teenager may also be fired from a job for missing too much work. Furthermore, little evidence exists to support the idea that the threat of punishment improves a parents' ability to control a teenager. The problem is that some teens cannot be controlled by their parents, even if the parents try hard to control them. These struggling parents are not ignoring their parental responsibilities. Opponents of parental responsibility laws say that parents who are in this situation need help, not a jail sentence.
【写作内容】
1）用约 30 个单词概括所给材料的主要内容。
2）用约 120 个单词发表你对―上网搜索答案‖这种现象的看法，
内容包括：
⑴在作业中遇到困难时是否要上网搜索答案? 请陈述你的观点。
⑵请用 2 到 3 个理由支持你的观点。
【写作要求】
⑴写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句。
⑵作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
⑶不必写标题。
【评分标准】
内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
Sara Savick remembers one special Easter when she was nine years old. Her parents gave her a baby duckling in a yellow basket.
"Mom said later that she bought the little duck because she felt sorry for it," recalled Sara. The people at the pet store colored the feathers pink for Easter. Sara named the duck Pinky.
Sara's mother really didn't think the baby duck would survive very long. But to her surprise, Pinky grew and got stronger and stronger. Soon, the little duckling was a healthy, hungry duck with white feathers.
"We fed Pinky oatmeal, cooked and uncooked, and small pieces of vegetables," said Sara. Pinky lived inside the house with Sara and her family. She specially fancied taking baths with Sara. Everyone treated Pinky as a family member.
But just when everything appeared to be perfect, the night of the "talk" came. Sara's Mom and Dad sat her down, explaining that the best thing for Pinky was to live a normal duck life, with other ducks. It was not natural for ducks to live indoors with a family, her father told her. He added Pinky needed to swim in ponds and do all the same things that ducks in the wild do.
Sara started to cry, knowing what was going to happen. Sara's parents decided to take Pinky to a park, which was two miles away. There was a pond with a lot of other ducks. Pinky would have the chance to live a natural life and Sara could still visit her.
The big day came, Sara and her parents put Pinky in a box and drove to the park. Sara said that Pinky did not look happy; maybe Pinky was convinced that she was a human, not a duck.
注意:
⒈ 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
⒉ 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
⒊ 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
⒋ 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1
Everyone was sad when they left Pinky at the pond, even Sara's father.
Paragraph 2
The next morning, when looking out of the kitchen window, Sara couldn't believe her eyes!
As is known to all, many things can be measured in terms of data. Sometimes data can indeed tell the truth. With the help of data we can easily know the price of a can of Coke in the supermarket or the result of a football match or the temperature of a certain day. Obviously, data can make our life easier and more comfortable. What is more important, data seem to be fairer than words or statements. If the data are true, we don't have to worry about being cheated. Nowadays, as lies exist in the world, data are expected to tell the truth. Therefore, many of us would rather believe data.
On the other hand, if we judge things only by data from the so-called specific research, aren't we a little too narrow-minded? Many people often treat the so-called specific data unwisely just to make sure that they are making the right decisions. But sometimes we may find that data aren't everything. For example, how can you tell that somebody isn't a good student just because he or she doesn't get high marks in the final examination?
There are many things in our life which cannot be measured by data. For example, the degree of your feeling happy in your life, the depth of love between you and your friends, and the faith you have in your country. We can only feel them in our hearts but can never express them in data.
There is no doubt that analyzing the exact data is important to assessment of an actual event. But data should be dealt with wisely. We often get wrong data which mislead us. We should try our best to be wise thinkers. Remember, data have no feeling but we humans have. Data do not mean much to people if we do not have the abilities to analyze the data with the knowledge and confidence to judge whether they are true or false.
Data are data after all. Life is much more colorful than the pale data. So give the cold data a warm heart and we'll find that the world is far more wonderful than the pale data can describe.
Is the traditional family dinner a thing of the past? In today's households where both parents go to work and kids have busy schedules with school, an array of afternoon activities and much homework, finding time for a gathering at the table seems impossible. Yet, studies have shown time and again that eating together has multiple benefits for family members, especially children.
According to a number of reports issued by the National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, children who eat at least five times a week with their family are at lower risk of developing poor eating habits, weight problems or alcohol dependencies, and tend to perform better academically than their peers who frequently eat alone or away from home.
Eating together as a family is not just about food and nutrition. "Food has become so easily and cheaply available that we no longer appreciate its significance," says Professor Robin Fox, who teaches anthropology at Rutgers University in New Jersey. "We have to rediscover its importance and its value." Sharing a meal with loved ones should be considered a special event, which can almost take on the form of a ceremony, as it was practiced by our ancestors, for whom finding food was a constant struggle.
Besides appreciation for the value of food, there are also many social elements that come into play when families share meals, says Miriam Weinstein, author of The Surprising Power of Family Meals. The dinner table can be the perfect environment where kids learn how to conduct conversations, observe good manners, serve others, listen, solve conflicts and compromise.
Of course, there is no guarantee that the simple act of eating at home surrounded by family will save children from developing unhealthy lifestyles or making regrettable choices down the road. It may not make them more virtuous (品行端正的) or socially more responsible. But it can form a basis for a lot of things that point them in the right direction.
Getting up early has been seen as a good habit since ancient times. Many years ago, people thought that if we went to bed early and got up early, we would be energetic (精力充沛的) the whole day. So, getting up early is of great importance to us all.
In fact, morning is the best time of a day. In the morning, the air is the freshest and people are usually in the best condition. Many of us may have the experiences that we memorize some things more quickly and correctly in the morning than any other time of the day. And it is certain that we find it easier to understand what we learn. If we get up early and do some morning exercises or only take a short walk in the morning, without doubt we can build up our bodies and become much healthier. Also we will have enough time to make a plan and get ready for our work or study of the day if we get up early. For example, if everyone in the family gets up early, the wife will have enough time to prepare the breakfast for the whole family. Children will have enough time to catch the school bus, and the husband will never forget to change his dirty shirt. Everything is in order. However, if we get up late, we'll probably have to do everything in a hurry.
Getting up early is such a good habit that we should try our best to keep it. If we stick to (坚持) getting up early every day, we will certainly benefit a lot from it.
In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of rubbish because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
How do the society become a throwaway one? First of all, it is now easier to replace an object than to spend time and money repairing it. Thanks to modern manufacturing (制造业) and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and cheap.
Another cause is our love of disposable (一次性的) products. As busy people, we are always looking for ways to save time and make our lives easier. Companies produce thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem. We are addicted to buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we throw away useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world, we can see the consequences of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To decrease the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. However, this is not enough to solve our problem.
Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions instead of throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes towards spending. Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
A 15yearold boy planned to put a ball covered with petrol into his mouth and set it on fire. He would film the dangerous action and put it on YouTube. And, he hoped to become famous on the Internet. But things didn't go the way he imagined. His clothing caught fire, and he was rushed to the hospital with serious burns on his body.
YouTube hosts millions of videos of people attempting dangerous actions. Many of them are by kids and young adults. Some experts say that by hosting these videos, YouTube encourages young viewers to take deadly risks. Research by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows that more than 180, 000 Americans die from accidental injuries each year. That's one person every three minutes. More than 14, 000 of those killed are kids under the age of 19. Is YouTube to blame?
People have always found it interesting to watch others try risky things. Audiences are mad about these kinds of things. Some of the earliest Greek comedies had characters followed by wild animals and knocking into walls. Now, in the age of the Internet, anyone with a camera and a YouTube account can create this kind of "fun". Many viewers, especially teenagers, are influenced by what they see and want to try it themselves. "YouTube has taken the playing in the neighborhood to a worldwide level," says Clair Mellenthin, a researcher from the Centers.
Supporters of YouTube argue that it isn't YouTube's responsibility to examine its content. "Parents should be the ones to make sure that kids are behaving safely," they say. In fact, YouTube has a rule on content. For example, dangerous activities that have a risk of serious physical harm or death are not allowed. Staff of YouTube, carefully watch the website 24 hours a day, looking for videos that are against their rules. But is this enough?
Blowing a Few Tops
Ever stopped to consider the upside of volcanic eruptions? It's not all deaths, destruction and hot lava—scientists have a plan to cool the planet by simulating one. It would probably work, but it could have devastating consequence, and there is nothing to stop any country or company from deploying the technology.
Solar geo-engineering(气候工程) involves simulating an erupting volcano by spraying aerosols (气溶胶) into the atmosphere. When they combine with oxygen, droplets of acid form. These droplets reflect sunlight away from Earth, cooling the planet. All good in theory, but the consequences are largely unknown and a few could be disastrous. In a study recently published, researchers led by Anthony Jones, a climate scientist from the University of Exeter, found that using this technology in the Northern hemisphere could reduce the number of tropical cyclones hitting the U.S. and Caribbean. But there's a worrying problem: more cyclones in the Southern hemisphere and a drought across the Sahel region of Africa. That's because the entries climate system is linked— disrupting one region will invariably affect another. How would a nation react if another was causing its weather to get much worse? Would that be an act of war?
There is, however, a case for using solar geo-engineering on a global case. Jones says it could be used to "take the edge of "the temperature increases scientists are predicting. It could be used while the world searches for more effective strategies.
The study also highlights a far bigger problem with solar geo-engineering: its complete lack of regulation. "There is nothing that could stop one country just doing it," Jones says. "It's deeply disturbing that we have this technology that could have such a massive influence in the climate, yet there's just no regulation to stop countries or even organizations from doing it."
Jones cautions that there is much about the climate system we do not understand, as well as more work that will need to be done before solar geo-engineering is deemed safe—or too dangerous to even discuss.
School uniforms are becoming more and more popular across the U.S.A. That's no surprise, because they offer many benefits. They immediately end the powerful social sorting and labeling (标记) that come from clothing. If all students are dressed in the same way, they will not pay too much attention to their clothing, and some of them will not be laughed at for wearing the “wrong” clothes.
Some people are against the strict rule of school uniforms, but they do not realize that students already accept a kind of rule — wanting to look just like their friends. The difference is that the clothing students choose for themselves creates social barriers (障碍); school uniforms tear those barriers down.
As in other places, uniforms remind the wearers of their purposes and duties. For example, when a man or woman puts on a police uniform, he or she becomes, for a time, the symbol (象征) of law and order. The uniform means to the wearer his or her special duties and sends the same message to everyone the wearer meets. People with different jobs wear uniforms of one kind or another. For students, the school uniform reminds them that their task for the six or seven hours they are in school is to get an education.
Some parents are unhappy about uniforms, saying that school uniforms they're in school, their will affect their children's "creativity". Actually, as noted above, the clothes students choose to wear do not necessarily express their individuality. They just copy their classmates. Students have the rest of the day to be as creative as they like. While job is to master reading, writing, and mathematics; this should take up all the creativity they have. Mastery of those skills will be good for the students to build up their creativity in every way.
Students who have used electronic cigarettes by the time they start ninth grade are more likely than others to start smoking traditional cigarettes and other tobacco products within the next year, according to a new study funded by the National Institutes of Health. Electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, deliver nicotine to the lungs by heating a liquid solution that contains nicotine and other chemicals to produce a spray that the user takes in.
As part of a survey of substance use and mental health among high school students in Los Angeles, the study compared the start of tobacco use among 222 students who had used e- cigarettes, but not any other tobacco products, and 2,308 who had neither used e-cigarettes or any other tobacco products when initially surveyed at the start of ninth grade. The 2,530 students who initially reported never using tobacco underwent follow-up assessments after six and 12 months. Students were asked about lifetime and past six-month use of e-cigarettes or any other forms of tobacco products.
During the first six months after being surveyed, 30.7 percent of those who had used e- cigarettes started using tobacco products, such as cigarettes, and cigars, compared to only 8.1 percent of those who had never used e-cigarettes. Over the following six months leading into the start of 10th grade, 25.2 percent of e-cigarette users had used tobacco products, compared to just 9.3 percent of nonusers.
"While teen tobacco use has fallen in recent years, this study confirms that we should continue to closely watch teen smoking patterns," said NIDA Director Nora D. Volkow, M.D. "Parents and teens should recognize that although e-cigarettes might not have the same harmful effects of regular cigarettes, they do carry a risk of addiction."
"Recreational e-cigarette use is becoming increasingly popular among teens who have never smoked tobacco," said Adam M. Leventhal, Ph.D., the first author on the study. "While we cannot conclude that e-cigarette use directly leads to smoking, this research raises concerns that recent increases in youth e-cigarette use could ultimately lead to the spread of smoking- related illness."
The peoplethe bus are talking with each other.
