河南省洛阳市2020-2021年高三上期第一次统考英语题带答案和解析

1.

详细信息

If you're lucky, when you look back at your school pictures over the years, you'll have some that are cute, a few that are funny, and lots that make you smile. But no matter what, a great school picture is a reminder of who you were that year. Sarah Smith and Kelvin Miller are from Lifetouch, a photography company that has been taking school pictures for 80 years. Here, they share their top tips for taking a smile-worthy photo. • You, your eyes, and your smile are the star of the show, not your clothes. So don't wear anything that's really busy-like a loud pattern or too bright shade — that will steal attention away from your face. • Don't over-practice your smile. The longer a smile is on your face, the less authentic it is. Try thinking about something that makes you laugh —maybe a joke or something silly a friend said —to make your smile look sincere. • Try not to get your hair cut less than a fortnight before a picture day. That way it will have grown out to look more natural. • If you are feeling nervous or tense, try yawning. This will relax all the muscles in your body, helping you to feel and look a bit more natural. 【1】Who are Sarah Smith and Kelvin Miller? A.Career consultants. B.Experienced photographers. C.Post graduates. D.The author's schoolmates. 【2】What kind of clothes is more suitable for school pictures? A.Shining. B.Colourful. C.Plain. D.Noticeable. 【3】When are you advised to cut your hair? A.Two weeks earlier. B.On the picture day. C.Before ten days or so. D.At any time.

2.

详细信息

Last month our class project was to make a school newspaper. Our teacher divided us into groups and each group was supposed to work on a column. I missed the first planning meeting because of a dentist appointment so my group filled me in the next day. “We decided to do a gossip column,” Emily informed me. “We take along our notebooks and pay extra-close attention to everything happening around us.” Austin read from his notebook: “James either has a cold or really bad allergies because he's been sneezing nonstop.” Jessia said, “Jackson is either going through a major growth spurt or getting ready to run a marathon because he's been eating two entire sandwiches for lunch. This gossip-column was making me very uncomfortable. It was already spinning out of control. “Hold on,” I said, “Don't you think kids will feel embarrassed to have that stuff shared with the school?” Austin jumped in, saying that I had a point and the gossip-column idea was not that friendly. Then we thought about for a bit, and then Emily brightened. “What if we do a friendly gossip column instead? We can call it an op — gop column!” And that's exactly what we did. The next day at school, we took out notebooks everywhere we went. But this time, we wrote down the good stuff we witnessed. Here are a few snippets from the column we ended up publishing. Katie Myers was spotted picking up other people's litter and throwing it into the garbage can without even being asked. Danny Gonzales was seen helping a second-grader get a kickball unstuck from a high-up, hard-to-reach place. And Soe Zaleski was overheard very patiently explaining a maths problem to a very grateful somebody. 【1】What did the author's team members do the day the project was announced? A.They were divided into three groups. B.They went to the dentist's on schedule. C.They disused their topic with the author. D.They gathered information for their topic. 【2】Which of the following can best describe the author's attitude to the gossip-column? A.Supportive. B.Indifferent. C.Opposed. D.Objective. 【3】What does the underlined word “spurt” in the second paragraph most probably mean? A.Age limit. B.Sudden increase. C.Inborn disability. D.The highest height. 【4】What's the author's purpose in writing the passage? A.To call on people to spread people's good deeds. B.To introduce the content of their op-gop column. C.To show people love to catch gossip news. D.To prove it's easy to catch the gossip news.

3.

详细信息

Remember switching the radio channels, hoping a tune you liked would pop out? You never had to listen too long to know you’d landed on a hit. Maria Chait, an auditory cognitive neuroscientist （听觉认知神经学家）at London University, and her team recently studied how quick that reaction is. They started by asking 10 volunteers to name a feel-good, familiar song. Then the researchers selected a second tune that sounded similar but was unfamiliar to the volunteers. They divided both songs into tiny bits — each less than a second long and then randomly inserted them into a six — and — a — half — minute — long track of song pieces. As the pieces played, the scientists measured the volunteers' brain activity and monitored changes in pupil, too — a sign of excitement. And the researchers found that the listeners‘ pupils widened more rapidly when they heard familiar versus （与......对比）unfamiliar tunes — within just a tenth to a third of a second! Familiar tunes also caused a two-step pattern of brain activity where the brain first recognizes something as familiar and then brings back more detailed information about it. That pattern was absent for unfamiliar songs. The study does have limitations：it used a small number of songs; it was hard to mask the purpose of the study from the participants; and the control group ended up being primarily international students from Asia —since they had to be unfamiliar with every single song — so their native languages and music backgrounds differed from the experimental group from a European background. Still, for doctors who want to use music as a helpful tool for patients with memory loss, for example, that might be useful in the situation, for participants are not required to indicate anything. They just listen passively. Doctors simply have to observe the neural（神经的） fingerprints of hearing that same old song. 【1】How did the researchers conduct the study? A.They asked volunteers to sing along. B.They separated songs for comparison. C.They observed the listeners’ expressions. D.They took two steps to draw the conclusion. 【2】What does the author think of the study? A.It proves to be persuasive. B.It is based on practical theory. C.It needs further research. D.It should use Asian language. 【3】What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.The research is helpful in some medical way. B.Doctors are delighted with the research result. C.It's easy to cure patients with memory loss. D.Patients need treating with music like songs. 【4】What is the best title for the passage? A.How Gan We Use Familiar Songs B.Music Is Good for Our Brains C.Familiar Tunes Awake Brains Quickly D.Doctors Practice Musical Treatment

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详细信息

Ramen noodles have been a go-to food for students for decades. After all, they only take eight minutes to cook in a dorm hotpot and are easy on the budget. Holly Grounds, a recent project design graduate who used to eat a lot of ramen noodles when she studied, started thinking that the packaging of a product shouldn't take decades or more to break down. That's why she decided to make eatable wrappers （包装材料） for noodles, avoiding the need for plastic. Grounds wanted to produce a product that the user could watch actually melt in the pot. “While other bio-based alternatives to plastic claim to be able to break down, in a consumer’s eyes, it's not always that simple,”she said. “Many of the bio-based films only break down at 50 degrees Celsius, so they often end up in the wrong place without the consumer really knowing that they caused damage to the planet.” Now, instead of plastic packs of seasonings, the dried spices and flavorings （调味品）are part of a flavorless bioplastic film that wraps the noodles and keeps them fresh. The film melts in less than a minute when it comes into boiling water, and the liquid becomes the sauce （调味汁）for the noodles. “The sauce is heated until the mixture is thick enough. At this point, I add the spices and flavorings before pouring it into a mold （模子）to set for 24 hours,” Grounds said. These noodle parcels are then packaged in a wax-coated paper. With plastics taking hundreds of years to break down, eatable packaging and single-use articles are seen as the way to go. Grounds sees opportunities to use her eatable packaging for other ready meals and she wants to contribute to the global fight against single-use plastics. 【1】Why does Grounds want to replace plastic wrappers with eatable ones? A.The plastic ones are not eco-friendly. B.The plastic ones do harm to our health. C.The eatable ones appeal to more consumers. D.The eatable ones save more cooking time. 【2】What makes the bio-based films fail to break down in practice? A.The immature technology. B.The high cost of process. C.Their very special material composition. D.Their specific conditions of breaking down. 【3】What do we know about the eatable wrapper according to Paragraph 3? A.It ensures longer preservation time. B.It requires a special cooking method. C.It ends up as the sauce for food. D.It improves the nutrition of noodles. 【4】The fourth paragraph mainly talks about the the eatable noodle wrappers. A.the method of using B.the process of making C.the packaging design for D.the storage requirements for

5.

详细信息

What is it ? Genetics (遗传学)is the science of what makes you who you are. People who study genetics, called geneticists, learn about how parents pass on information through their "genes" (bits of information in your body that you cannot see) to their children. 【1】 No! Your eye colour, how tall you are and the size of your nose all come from the special information in your genes that makes you different from everyone else. How does it work ? 【2】 So genetics explains why you might look similar to your mother or brother and why you like some of the same things or speak in a similar way. Genes come in pairs ——you get half from your mother and half from your father. We know that some genes are stronger than others. For example, the gene for brown eyes is stronger than the gene for blue eyes. So does it mean that if your parents both have brown eyes that you do too? 【3】 Because genes come in pairs, it's possible that someone with brown eyes has the gene for both brown eyes (B) and blue eyes (b). Look at the picture below that shows how the genes from Mum and Dad might be passed on to their children. 【4】 It's fun to think about which family members you are similar to and which genes you have, but studying genetics is also very important for our health. Some diseases are in our genes. 【5】 It also helps doctors and scientists know which medicine might help that disease. A.Not always. B.Why is genetics important? C.We get our genes from our parents. D.Is there anyone in the world like you? E.Learning about genes can help us prevent diseases. F.Why do many people in the world look exactly the same? G.Therefore studying genetics can help us know if we might become ill in future.

6. 完形填空

详细信息

After 20 years of living and reading together, we have gathered what some might call a large library. One problem：We don't _______ have a library to put the books in. It was time to take _________. I started in the office, where the literary remains of five university degrees _______ dust. Why did we _______ have textbooks from 25 years ago? I worked my way through the shelves _______ and slipped them into the donation box. Next came Second-Hand Dog, _______ when we adopted our first shelter dog nineteen years ago. I couldn’t _______ flipping （快速翻动） through the pages, remembering the _______ learned and later _______ to all the dogs followed. And so it went on and on. Trying to choose what 1 could stand to ________ with, I realized the full shelves held much ________ a collection of books. They told a story. Our story. Flipping through these __________ pages, a historian could conclude a pretty accurate ________ of our life over the past twenty years. The stained pages of our recipe books ________ our favourite meals. That guide to childhood illnesses got us across many sleepless nights. How could I give them away? At the end of the day, I drove to the ________ center with just a few boxes. Our ________are still fully filled. They're not growing as quickly as they used to, since we've joined the ________ crowd. I imagine how easy it will be to ________ the electronic bookshelves of the future. Scan through __________ of text. Delete, delete, in the blink （眨眼）of an eye. This might sound efficient （高效的）to some, but it makes me feel __________ . 【1】A.always B.hardly C.normally D.actually 【2】A.pride B.action C.charge D.place 【3】A.collected B.accepted C.covered D.abandoned 【4】A.no longer B.either C.still D.at once 【5】A.hesitantly B.pitilessly C.cautiously D.slowly 【6】A.fetched B.borrowed C.written D.purchased 【7】A.allow B.imagine C.resist D.insist 【8】A.texts B.lessons C.articles D.lines 【9】A.applied B.seen C.taught D.fed 【10】A.part B.travel C.start D.fight 【11】A.instead of B.apart from C.more than D.the same as 【12】A.broken B.accumulated C.contributed D.valued 【13】A.number B.evolution C.range D.picture 【14】A.enjoyed B.shared C.described D.reflected 【15】A.donation B.medicine C.fashion D.library 【16】A.cupboards B.desks C.shelves D.dustbins 【17】A.digital B.present C.trendy D.common 【18】A.make up B.put up with C.clean out D.get addicted to 【19】A.interpretations B.series C.piles D.lists 【20】A.useless B.sad C.proud D.worthwhile

7.

详细信息

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chnise President Xi Jinping has expressed high expectations for art teachers and students to inherit （继承）and develop traditional Chinese opera. Xi made the remark in a letter 【1】（ date） Oct 23 to teachers and students from the National Academy of Chinese Theatre Arts. Learning about the achievements made 【2】 the academy, Xi said he was very pleased and extended his sincere greetings to all teachers, students and staff 【3】（member）. Stressing that traditional Chinese opera 【4】（ be） the treasure of Chinese culture, Xi encouraged the teachers and students 【5】 （explore） the true meaning of art through teaching and studying and constantly pursue （追求）art through serving the people. He also called on them to make 【6】（ great） contributions to passing on the fine traditional Chinese culture and building China into a country with a strong socialist culture. 【7】 （see） the reply from Xi, Chen Zhu, 18, studying Peking Opera at the academy's affiliated （附属的）middle school, said she was proud to be a young representative among the four generations of teachers and students 【8】 wrote to Xi. She will keep Xi's 【9】（instruct） in mind, do 【10】best to carry on traditional Chinese culture and make more people know about Peking Opera, Chen said.

8. 改错

详细信息

假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中 共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处c每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧ ）,并在其下面写出该加的同。 删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。 修改:在错的词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1 .每处错误及其修改均仅限一 词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 An insect once bit my right hand. I run to my mom for help. But instead taking me to a doctor, my mom covered my hands with some cotton dipping in wine. Then she put a chopstick into my mouth and lit the cotton. Heat quickly began to roast my hand through the cotton. The sharply pain made me want to scream, and the chopstick prevented it. All we could do was to watch the fire unless my mom put it out. Ten years has been passed and my hand is fine. It's cool how the folk cure works, doesn't it?

9. 书面表达

详细信息

假定你是李华，外教Mr. Smith想参加你校运动会，请给他写封邮件介绍运动会相关情况。要点如下： 1.时间、地点、项目； 2.注意事项。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. Smith, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua