| 1. | 详细信息 |
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Grandparents who help out occasionally with childcare or provide support for others in their community tend to live longer than seniors who do not care for other people, according to a study from Berlin, Germany.‘Having no contact with grandchildren at all can negatively impact grandparents’ health. This link could be deeply rooted in our evolutionary past when help with childcare was important for the survival of the human species,” said Sonja Hilbrand, one of the researchers. However, having full-time custody of grandchildren may harm their health. The findings are drawn from data on more than 500 people over age 70 in the Berlin aging Study. The participants completed interviews and medical tests every two years. Overall after considering grandparents age and general state of health, the risk of dying was one-third lower for grandparents who cared for their grandchildren, compared with grandparents who didn’t provide any childcare. Half of the grandparents who cared for grandchildren were still alive ten years after the initial interview. The same was true for participants who did not have grandchildren but supported their adult children in some way, such as helping with housework. In contrast about half of the participants who did not help others died within five years after the start of the study. “Caregiving may be thought also as an activity that keeps caregivers physically and mentally active, said Professor Arpino, adding that previous studies suggest that caregiving may improve cognitive functioning, mental and physical health. Arpino noted, however, that caregiving is not the only activity that can improve health, and too many caring responsibilities can take away benefits from other activities like working, being in social clubs, or volunteering. “Children should take into account their parents' needs, willingness, and desires and agree with them on the timing and amount of childcare," Arpino suggested. 【1】What is the caregiving study based on? A.Data on elderly people. B.Medical tests on children. C.Human evolutionary history. D.Interviews on local community. 【2】What does the underline word“ participants”in paragraph 2 probably mean? A.Researchers B.Attendants C.Care-givers D.Specialists 【3】Which statement about childcare may Arpino agree with? A.Childcare is bound to be beneficial to grandparents. B.Grandparenting is meant to become a growing trend. C.Proper amounts of childcare make grandparents live longer. D.More childcare can provide grandparents with more health. |
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| 2. | 详细信息 |
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On a clear night in 1994,an earthquake hit Los Angeles and caused a city-wide power cut just before dawn. Awake in surprise, some residents who had escaped outside called various emergency centers to report a mysterious cloud overhead. That unusual object turned out to be the band of the Milky Way, which had long been unclear from view by the city's lights. Arguably, the light bulb (电灯泡} is the most transformative invention humans have introduced to this planet. By pressing a switch or pushing a button, we can lift the veil (面纱)that would naturally cover our lives each, night. Now, we work long after the sun sinks below the horizon. We play games outside far into the night. We more safely wander around city streets after dark. But if light bulbs have a dark side, it's that they have stolen the night. The extra light brightening our environments is endangering ecosystems by harming animals whose life cycles depend on the dark. We're endangering ourselves by changing the biochemical rhythms (节律) that normally go out and flow with natural light levels. And in a basic sense, we're lost our connection to nighttime skies, on the basis of which our ancestors made up their star-related stories, timed the planting and harvesting of crops, and inferred the physical laws governing the universe. “The disappearance of the night sky is tied up with our ever more fast-paced world, says Amanda Gormley of the Tucson-based International Dark-Sky Association.“ We lose something vital; we lose a part of ourselves when we lose access to the night sky. We lose that sense of stillness that should be right over our heads every night. Now, as the consequences of light pollution arise out of the shadows and into the spotlight, cities, regulatory agencies, and conservation groups are seeking solutions. And in some areas, lots of improvements are already in place, powered by a new wave of cheaper, more energy-seving light. 【1】Why is the earthquake hitting Los Angeles mentioned? A.To witness its serious damage. B.To lead in the topic of the text. C.To state its influence on the city. D.To tell backgrounds of the text. 【2】What is the fourth paragraph mainly about? A.Dark nights. B.Endangered ecosystems. C.Light pollution. D.Brightened environments. 【3】How does the author sound in the last paragraph? A.Hopeful. B.Concerned. C.Doubtful. D.Academic. |
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| 3. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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If you’ve ever been on a fishing boat, you’ve probably seen crowds of birds following it, hoping to catch a snack. Now scientists use those birds’ behavior to track illegal fishing boats. Researchers attached data loggers to the backs of 169 albatrosses (信天翁) in Indian oceans. Weighing only 42 grams, the devices included a GPS, which enabled them to detect the presence and intensity of radar signals emitting from boats. That information was then sent by satellite, so the researchers could track the location of the birds—and thus the radar-emitting boats—in real time. The scientists then cross-checked that data against the known locations of boats, collected from a system boats use to declare themselves, called the Automatic Identification System (AIS). And noticeable differences appeared frequently. More than a third of the times the birds “loggers” detected radar signals, and therefore a boat, but no such boat appeared in the official log—meaning that the vehicles had likely switched off their AIS—something that probably happens in illegal fishing operations. The work suggests birds could be an effective boat-monitoring tool as long as illegal fishing operations don’t target the birds. Fortunately, such a task would be difficult. Around fishing boats, you can find hundreds of birds at any one time that are flying around. And the birds with loggers are not marked in any way. So it’s not really possible for fishermen to pick out a specific bird. But what concerns researchers is that albatrosses often get caught by some fishing boats. Though regulations have been established to protect against that happening—with success—illegal boats don’t necessarily obey. So scientists might be underestimating the risk posed to albatross populations. 【1】What characteristic of albatrosses do scientists take advantage of in their research? A.Their feeding patterns. B.Their sense of direction. C.Their greedy behaviors. D.Their habit of following fishing boats. 【2】For what purpose does a boat shut off its AIS? A.To seek more fishes. B.To have it mistaken for another. C.To avoid being detected. D.To save the trouble of declaring itself. 【3】What does “such a task” in Paragraph 6 refer to? A.Identifying birds with loggers. B.Monitoring illegal boats. C.Tracking radar signals automatically. D.Fishing illegally. 【4】What could be the best title for the text? A.AIS: an Effective System to Locate Boats B.Humans Are Good at Discovering Birds’ Nature C.Data Loggers Help Fishermen Get a Good Harvest D.Scientists Use Birds to Track Illegal Fishing Operations |
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| 4. | 详细信息 |
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Experienced⁃Based Education Everyone is familiar with traditional education. You sit in a class and a teacher teaches. This is an important part of development. But at some point, every individual has to take charge of their own education. To do this, one must look at the root of learning.【1】 Basically, unfamiliar experiences usually add more value than experiences that are familiar. 【2】 And we are in a better state to learn something new. Honestly, someone who never experiences the same thing twice will never have a chance to benefit from anything learned. However, new experiences are generally what make people interesting and push them to grow. High school is a new experience. College is a new experience. However, at some point traditional education becomes repetitive. It is not that you won’t learn anything else, but that the environment is so familiar.【3】 To solve this, an individual needs to introduce new experiences into their life. You may spend a summer in a different part of the country or learn a new language through trial and error. You can also go to a drive⁃in movie（or some other entertainment event that is new to you）.【4】 These types of experiences often result in very little“book knowledge”. Instead, they will often provide you with a better understanding of yourself as you experience your reaction to different situations.【5】 It can be invaluable for you to work effectively with others. Becoming a well ⁃ rounded human isn’t something that happens by accident. You can spend your entire lifetime developing your potential. A.Has education changed so much in the last decade? B.They will also provide you with a better understanding of others. C.Those new experiences may not lead to great personal development. D.These are all things that can stretch and expand your experience in life. E.This is because unfamiliar experiences require much more of our attention. F.As a result, you can easily become less aware of your experience and not learn as much. G.What makes some experiences add great value to our lives while other experiences do not? |
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| 5. 完形填空 | 详细信息 |
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My mind seems always to return to the day that I met Carl. The city bus stopped at Centennial Drive to_________the dally commuters(往返者). When boarding the bus, I luckily_______a seat near the back. When sitting down, I began to read the book On the Road I'd been_________.The man next to me then asked if I'd read any other books like that one from the same era. When I said yes, he seemed to become_________. He_______himself as Carl and told me he used to play the trumpet in jazz clubs. He asked if I like jazz, and I told him that I didn't really listen to it._______Carl to tell me that I should listen to “real_______”, I was shocked when he just_________and smiled, saying, “You_______me of myself when I was your age. I remember how my parents________jazz, how they couldn't see how I could listen to 'that awful__________' I bet your parents say the________thing, don't they?” Now it was my turn to smile, saying how right he was. All the way, the more we talked, the more________I became at how much the two of us really had in common, despite the age________.Finally, Carl got off at his stop, and mine was soon after. I haven't seen him since then, but the________of our connection that day________leaves my mind. Carl really made me________how much we can learn from each other if we just break through the barriers we've got. Carl________me that we should make an extra________to try and get to know the people around us, regardless of age, race or anything else. If we all understand each other, the world would be a much better place that we could________together. 【1】A.drop off B.go through C.pick up D.set down 【2】A.spotted B.swapped C.spared D.reserved 【3】A.selling B.possessing C.checking D.carrying 【4】A.tired B.concerned C.interested D.encouraged 【5】A.introduced B.recovered C.recognized D.claimed 【6】A.Relying on B.Calling on C.Turning to D.Waiting for 【7】A.music B.instrument C.disadvantage D.performance 【8】A.cheered B.disagreed C.nodded D.applauded 【9】A.warn B.remind C.inform D.convince 【10】A.promoted B.advocated C.disliked D.enjoyed 【11】A.pace B.noise C.power D.howl 【12】A.stubborn B.contradictory C.significant D.same 【13】A.annoyed B.amazed C.determined D.confused 【14】A.connection B.shortcoming C.diversity D.difference 【15】A.expression B.attempt C.thought D.determination 【16】A.rarely B.merely C.eventually D.frequently 【17】A.foresee B.identify C.admit D.consider 【18】A.motivated B.taught C.requested D.commanded 【19】A.preparation B.goal C.effort D.accomplishment 【20】A.share B.evolve C.settle D.construct |
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| 6. | 详细信息 |
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阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Rainbow-colored rubbish is the colorful waste created by a Swedish city with a unique cycling system. Like many cities in Sweden, Eskilstuna has an【1】 ( impress) recycling record.It【2】(meet) the EU' 2020 target of recycling 50% of waste many years ago. People are expected to sort their household waste【3】 seven separate categories, including food and metal. But【4】really makes the system stand out is the bright color code. Thanks to those bright colors, scanners can select the bags and separate them【5】(efficient). The food waste in green bags is processed on site into slurry (浆) to make biogas, 【6】 powers the city's buses. One of the【7】(benefit) of this method is that there is less cross-pollution, so more of the recycled waste can actually be used【8】(make) new things. Eskilstuna is committed to sending zero waste from its citizens to landfill(垃圾填埋场). Waste that can't be recycled【9】( burn)at a local plant to produce electricity. As countries around the world try to improve their recycling rates, some may look to Eskilstuna as【10】 example to follow---as long as they think they can persuade their citizens to get busy sorting waste at home. |
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| 7. 书面表达 | 详细信息 |
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假定你是李华，你的外国笔友Jack打算暑假期间来中国体验生活，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你回复邮件，内容包括: 1.表示欢迎； 2.推荐内容； 3.你的祝愿。 注意:1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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| 8. 书面表达 | 详细信息 |
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阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts,feelings and behaviors.But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(实证的）basis.They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity,keep people focused and lead to relaxation. Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity.In2007,Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota,reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think.Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely,which may lead them to make more abstract connections.Low ceilings,on the other hand,may inspire a more detailed outlook. In addition to ceiling height,the view afforded by a building may influence a person's ability to concentrate.Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.According to another study at the University of Georgia,using nature to improve focus of attention seems to pay off academically.It found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary,language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots. Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim(暗淡的）light helps people to loosen up.If that is true, generally keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation.Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax. So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings."We have a very limited.number of studies,so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw," architect David Allison says. "How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad,generalized use of them? That's what we're all struggling with." _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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