题目

(2020·惠州市高三第一次调研考试试题)TOKYO, June 8 (Xinhua)—The Beijing Organizing Committee of the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games held a promotion event in the Japanese capital, Tokyo on Saturday to introduce the latest developments in preparation for the Beijing Winter Olympics. The promotion event, which used an exhibition wall and the “Charming Beijing\” photo exhibition to showcase the preparations of Beijing 2022, was part of “Beijing Week\”， a series of activities to commemorate the 40th anniversary of the establishment of sister－city relation在如图所示的电路中，闭合开关S，电路正常工作．一段时间后灯熄灭，一个电表的示数变大，另一个电表的示数变小．将R和L位置互换后再次闭合开关S，两个电表指针都不偏转．若电路中只有一处故障，则这个故障是_____(填“R”或“L”)发生________(填“短路”或“断路”)． L 断路 【解析】如果灯L断路，电流表示数减小为零，电压表示数增大；将灯泡和电阻互换位置后，电流表仍无示数，电压表示数减小为零．故L发生断路；如果灯泡短路，电流表示数增大，电压表示数减小；将灯泡和电阻互换位置后，电流表指针偏转，电压表指针偏转．如果电阻R断路，电流表和电压表示数都为零．如果电阻R短路，电流表、电压表示数都增大．综上所述：故障为灯泡L断路． 故答案为：L；断路．