题目

阅读下列材料，回答问题。材料杀牛羊，备酒浆，开了城门迎闯王，闯王来时不纳粮。——明末民谣（1）民谣中的“闯王”是指谁？（2）该民谣反映了百姓对“闯王”的到来持何种态度？为什么？ 答案：【答案】（1）李自成。（2）百姓希望闯王来，支持闯王。因为李自成率起义军进入中原后，提出“均田免赋”的口号，李自成还规定了严明的军纪，不许妄杀一人，不得侵占民房，严禁抢掠，还向贫苦民众发放钱粮，因而受到广大农民的拥护。【解析】（1）根据材料中的关键信息“闯王来时不纳粮”Most people agree that honesty is a good thing. But does Mother Nature agree? Animals can’t talk, but can they lie in other ways? Can they lie with their bodies and behavior? Animal experts may not call it lying, but they do agree that many animals, from birds to chimpanzees, behave dishonestly to fool other animals. Why? Dishonesty often helps them survive.Many kinds of birds are very successful at fooling other animals. For example, a bird called the plover sometimes pretends to be hurt in order to protect its young. When a predator（猎食动物）gets close to its nest, the plover leads the predator away from the nest. How? It pretends to have a broken wing. The predator follows the "hurt" adult, leaving the baby birds safe in the nest.Another kind of bird, the scrub jay, buries its food so it always has something to eat. Scrub jays are also thieves. They watch where others bury their food and steal it. But clever scrub jays seem to know when a thief is watching them. So they go back later, unbury the food, and bury it again somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work. How?They don’t make nests（鸟巢）. Instead, they get into other birds' nests secretly. Then they lay their eggs and fly away. When the baby birds come out, their adoptive(收养的) parents feed them.Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky. After a fight, the losing chimp will give its hand to the other. When the winning chimp puts out its hand, too, the chimps are friendly again. But an animal expert once saw a losing chimp take the winner’s hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways, too. When chimps find food that they love, such as bananas, it is natural for them to cry out. Then other chimps come running. But some clever chimps learn to cry very softly when they find food. That way, other chimps don't hear them, and they don't need to share their food.As children, many of us learn the saying “You can’t fool Mother Nature.” But maybe you can’t trust her, either.1.A plover protects its young from a predator by______.A. getting closer to its youngB. driving away the adult predatorC. leaving its young in another nestD. pretending to be injured2.By “Chimpanzees, or chimps, can also be sneaky” (paragraph 5), the author means______.A. chimps are ready to attack othersB. chimps are sometimes dishonestC. chimps are jealous of the winnersD. chimps can be selfish too3.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.B. The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winner's hand.C. Some chimps lower their cry to keep food away from others.D. Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.4.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Do animals lie?B. Does Mother Nature fool animals?C. How do animals learn to lie?D. How does honesty help animals survive?