江苏省启东中学2020届高三上册期初考试英语免费试卷
| 1. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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These teachers have no idea ______ it is like to earn one’s living in industry or commerce. A.which B.that C.whether D.what |
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| 2. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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---Mr Frank Smith truly stands out as the best friend and teacher combination. -- Absolutely! When I look back on what he did, I’m not sure whether I ______ the same in his position. A.would do B.would have done C.must have done D.could do |
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| 3. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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College students should actively participate in social practice, which will lead to the acquisition of more knowledge and skills, ____ what they learn from books is limited. A.even if B.as long as C.as soon as D.now that |
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| 4. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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Toyota Company has ________ millions of vehicles, struggling to regain its reputation. A.called off B.called for C.called in D.called up |
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| 5. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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Obviously, many wines have improved, or are expected to improve _____age, and it is the case ________friendship. A.with; with B.to; over C.alongside; in D.for; of |
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| 6. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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We sent her a copy of this book__________ her part in the creation. A.in search of B.in acknowledgement of C.in favor of D.in honor of |
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| 7. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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Whatever the relationship, try to _____ to each person all your kindness and understanding. A.appeal B.cater C.extend D.attach |
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| 8. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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Facial recognition technology is working well at tourist attractions around China, the time people spend standing in lines at entries or security check. A. to reduce B. reduced C. having reduced D. reducing |
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| 9. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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The couple was initially looking forward to having an overseas wedding but had to drop the idea after facing from parents A. recognition B. toleration C. opposition D. proportion |
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| 10. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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We can find beautiful light in the other person, which may be precisely what we _____ for all along. A. are searching B. will search C. have been searching D. have searched |
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| 11. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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Hardly ever ______ so many choices for young people entering the workforce as there are today. A. there are B. there have been C. have there been D. are there |
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| 12. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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________ to ________ the nature reserve, the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages. A. Opposed; developing B. Opposing; developing C. Opposing; develop D. Opposed; develop |
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| 13. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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Guandan, a Poker game, originating _____ Premier Zhou Enlai was born, has been popular with the men in the street around the country. A. from which B. in where C. where D. what |
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| 14. 单项选择 | 详细信息 |
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In terms of the effects of the Internet on our lives, the ways we take advantage of it count, _______ our attitudes. A. as are B. so do C. which are D. as do |
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| 15. 完形填空 | 详细信息 |
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On the morning that I planned to handcuff (给……戴上手铐) my wrist to the White House fence along with other environmental leaders, I woke up, heart racing. I ______ the time in the dark. It was 3 a．m., and I was alone in a friend's guest room just outside Washington, D．C. I turned on the small bedside ______ and reached for the card my husband and two children had picked out for the ______， with a photo of a polar bear leaping from one floating ice to the next. The bear's front paws stretched out ______ in midair—no longer on solid ground, but not quite landed on the next ice yet—fitting for my first act of ______ disobedience(不服从), which was motivated by a desire to slow global warming, not only for the polar bears, but also for my own children. I opened the ______ and reread my 16yearold daughter's note in the ______ light: —“I'm happy you care this much about something that will affect the future of us all，” she wrote. “Good luck！” I ______—imagining her brown eyes and flaming red hair—and turned off the light again. For me, a fierce desire to protect the world my children will inherit(继承) is part of being a mother. Along with the sleepless nights I spent rocking my babies when they had a fever, I now ______ the two times I've gone to prison as part of the sacrifice I ______ make. ______ methods for fossil fuels—which can cause cancer and other health problems—are profitable and strongly ______ by oil or gas companies. Only when ordinary citizens demand they make protecting our children their first ______ are politicians more likely to say no to those methods. That's ______ I handcuffed my wrist to the White House fence to ______ the Keystone XL Pipeline Project, along with many other parents, which I believe is closer to the real ______ of Mother's Day. Originally, the day was founded for mothers to teach each other how to protect their children. We might not really know the effect of our ______ for a few decades, though there are moments ______ that our sacrifices are not in vain. The encouraging note from my daughter the night before my first ______ was one of those moments. It made me want to ______ like that polar bear—and like the early leaders of Mother's Day—and take a leap. 【1】A.missed B.set C.checked D.hit 【2】A.iPhone B.radio C.computer D.lamp 【3】A.tension B.occasion C.revision D.possession 【4】A.constantly B.distantly C.instantly D.expectantly 【5】A.crucial B.civil C.central D.chief 【6】A.letter B.book C.card D.leaflet 【7】A.different B.cold C.weak D.shallow 【8】A.sighed B.smiled C.cried D.whispered 【9】A.rank B.confirm C.count D.reserve 【10】A.deliberately B.arbitrarily C.temporarily D.willingly 【11】A.Advanced B.Extreme C.Vertical D.Absurd 【12】A.promoted B.granted C.illustrated D.occupied 【13】A.privilege B.exception C.priority D.distinction 【14】A.how B.why C.when D.where 【15】A.stop B.cut C.shorten D.split 【16】A.estate B.virtue C.dignity D.history 【17】A.commissions B.frictions C.actions D.innovations 【18】A.distributing B.indicating C.advocating D.consenting 【19】A.march B.crush C.justice D.arrest 【20】A.stand out B.reach out C.work out D.pull out |
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| 16. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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Hair Loss (Alopecia) Information about male pattern baldness(秃顶) causes, triggers and treatment in the UK In contrary to popular belief, hair loss—or alopecia—can start at any age. While it is associated with mature males, and statistics show it does mainly affect men above 40, the reality is you can notice symptoms in your 30s, or even 20s and teen years. The NHS statistics state that 25% of men start losing their hair by the time they reach 30. The most common form of hair loss is male pattern baldness—also known as androgenic alopecia—that affects more than half of men around the world. One option many men seek is treatment to avoid further hair loss, especially early on in the process. With treatments, such as Propecia, that specifically target male pattern baldness, it is possible to stop hair loss completely and even encourage fresh new hair growth.  What is alopecia? Alopecia is the medical term for hair loss. Most commonly affecting males, hair loss in men is caused by an increased sensitivity to the male sex hormones (androgens). The type of alopecia you have (as well as hereditary and external factors) can influence levels of hair loss. The most common type of hair loss (alopecia) is male and female pattern baldness. Other types include： * Alopecia areata (patches of baldness, usually on the scalp) * Scarring alopecia (hair loss directly affecting the hair follicles) * Telogen effluvium (hair thinning over a larger area on the top of the head, rather than bald patches) * Anagen effluvium(most commonly caused by cancer treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy) 【1】Which of the following statements is FALSE about Propecia? A.It can stop hair loss almost in all cases. B.People can buy it online without doctor visit. C.It encourages new hair growth in rare cases. D.it is especially effective on male pattern baldness. 【2】The next part of the webpage is most likely to be about ________． A.hair loss causes B.hair loss symptoms C.preventing hair loss D.treating hair loss |
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| 17. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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Children exposed to “safe” levels of air pollution in the womb(子宫) develop brain damage that damages their concentration, a study has shown. The research is the first too link common pollutants such as nitrogen(氮) dioxide and soot(油烟) to changes in the brains of unborn babies that mean they may struggle to focus at school in later life. The findings suggest that even comparatively clean city air could lead to worse academic performance and an increased risk of mental health problems such as addition or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(缺陷多动障碍). In recent years scientists have found that children who grow up surrounded by air pollution are more likely to have a broad range of “neuro(神经)developmental” difficulties, including autism and various kinds of cognitive(认知) damage. However, only a handful of studies have looked at the ways in which the poisonous gases and microscopic particles(微粒) that mothers and young children take in affect the brain during critical stages of its growth. A group led by Monica Guxens, of the Barcelona Institute for Global Health, found that exposure to air pollution before birth appeared to have slowed the development of several brain regions that play an important role in people's capacity for selfdenial and sustained effort. This lack of inhibition could in turn cause “cognitive delays” when the children get older, the scientists argue in Biological Psychiatry. “We need this function in our daily life，” Dr. Guxens said. “It controls our impulses(冲动) and our selective attention. Children need it to learn and for making decisions in later life. We're interested to see what will happen: is there going to be an impact on their academic work, are there going to be clinical implications? It might be that this will lead to problems later.” The results were drawn from MRI scans of 873 children between the ages of six and ten in Rotterdam. Even though 99.5 percent of their mothers had lived with nanoparticle pollution levels well below EU legal limits while they were pregnant the pollution still appeared to have taken its toll(伤亡人数). Children who had been exposed to more pollution in the womb did worse on a test of their ability to block out irrelevant stimuli(刺激). They also had thinner outer layers in the precuneus(楔前叶) and the rostral middle frontal regions of their brains, both of which are involved in cognitive inhibition, which refers to the mind's ability to tune out stimuli that are irrelevant to the task at hand or to the mind's current state. Experiments on animals show that socalled fine particles are able to pass through the placenta and affect the brain of the fetus(胎儿). Dr Guxens said there were probably no such thing as a safe concentration of air pollution. 【1】What is the main idea of the passage? A.Children's brain growth slowed by “safe” pollution. B.The safe level of air pollution for pregnant women. C.Factors leading to children's poor academic performance. D.The problems children have when surrounded by pollution. 【2】What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 probably refer to? A.Academic work. B.The lack of inhibition. C.Selective attention. D.The ability for selfdial and sustained effort. 【3】From the last three paragraphs we can infer ________． A.air pollution has claimed many lives of kids B.people can't focus on air pollution enough C.the majority of pregnant women are free from air pollution D.kids exposed to more pollution have poorer cognitive inhibition |
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| 18. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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Prosocial behaviors are those intended to help other people. Behaviors that can be described as prosocial include feeling empathy(同感) and concern for others and behaving in ways to help or benefit other people. Prosocial behavior has long posed a challenge to social scientists seeking to understand why people engage in helping behaviors that are beneficial to others, but costly to the individual performing the action. Why would people do something that benefits someone else but offers no immediate benefit to the doer? Psychologists suggest that there are a number of reasons why people engage in prosocial behavior. In many cases, such behaviors are fostered during childhood and adolescence as adults encourage children to share, act kindly, and help others. Prosocial behaviors are often seen as being compelled by a number of factors including egoistic reasons (doing things to improve one's selfimage), reciprocal benefits (doing something nice for someone so that they may one day return the favor), and more altruistic reasons (performing actions purely out of empathy for another individual). Characteristics of the situation can also have a powerful impact on whether or not people engage in prosocial actions. The bystander effect is one of the most notable examples of how the situation can impact helping behaviors. The bystander effect refers to the tendency for people to become less likely to assist a person in distress when there are a number of other people also present. For example, if you drop your purse and several items fall out on the ground, the likelihood that someone will stop and help you decreases if there are many other people present. This same sort of thing can happen in cases where someone is in serious danger, such as when someone is involved in a car accident. In some cases, witnesses might assume that since there are so many other present, someone else will have surely already called for help. Why do people help in some situations but not in others? Experts have discovered a number of different situational variables that contribute to (and sometimes interfere with) prosocial behaviors. First, the more people that are present decreases the amount of personal responsibility people feel in a situation. People also tend to look to others for how to respond in such situations, particularly if the event contains some level of ambiguity. Fear of being judged by other members of the group also plays a role. People sometimes fear leaping to assistance, only to discover that their help was unwanted or unwarranted. In order to avoid being judged by other bystanders, people simply take no action. Experts have suggested that some key things must happen in order for a person to take action. 【1】Prosocial behaviors are motivated for all the following reasons EXCEPT ________. A.empathy for another individual B.instant benefits of helping others C.parental influences in the early life D.the desire to better one's selfimage 【2】What does the underlined word “distress” in the fourth paragraph mean? A.peace B.despair C.comfort D.trouble 【3】Which situation can be described as the bystander effect? A.When hearing an injured lady crying for help, the neighbors didn't take action. B.Seeing an old man slipping on the icy road, many people volunteered to help. C.A woman was to give birth on the train and you were the only doctor there. D.On the scene of your colleague's traffic accident, you called the police for help 【4】After the last paragraph, the most possible topic could be ________. A.possible benefits of prosocial behavior B.various reasons for prosocial behavior C.situational influences on prosocial behavior D.skills and knowledge to provide assistance |
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| 19. 阅读理解 | 详细信息 |
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The strand bookstore is a New York Institution, and Fred Bass was a part of it almost from the moment he was born until the day he died. Every day, dozens of sellers arrive armed with piles of books, and every day thousands of buyers browse through the 18 miles of shelving, squeezing through narrow, dark aisles towered over by high, cramped shelves. Film studios wanting a line of books for a backdrop rent them from the Strand by the foot; interior designers looking for books with the same color spine will order a job lot; and hosts wishing to impress dinner guests will order the latest tomes(巨著) to replace on their coffee tables. Some even might be read. “You never know what someone is going to walk in with，” Bass told The Villager magazine in 2010, adding that there was nothing he loved more than the “treasure hunt”. Many books came from critics keen to add to their income by offloading review copies. Others came from large estates, fellow bookshops and even publishers quietly offloading surplus(过剩的) stock. One visitor spoke of Bass as a character who could have come from a book. “I remember sensing in Bass, beyond a slightly gruff look, a man of great passion, a man who knew the innumerable and shifting current of the book trade the way that an old sailor knows the changeable sea，” wrote Tom Vanderbilt in the New York Review of Books. Bass himself took a kind, almost paternalistic(家长式的) approach to the business. Some employees remained with him for decades. When Greg Farr, a dissatisfied member of staff, published a novel that was critical of the store's management and the unions he still had his job, furthermore, the Strand sold his book. Fred Bass was born in Manhattan in 1928, the year after his father, Benjamin, a Lithuanian immigrant, founded the Strand bookstore on Fourth Avenue, which was then known as “Book Row”. His mother, Shirley, a Polish immigrant, died from cancer when Fred was six. His father remarried, to Esther, a bookkeeper who was involved in various civil rights causes. As a child young Fred swept the floors and by 13 he was working behind the counter on Saturdays. He recalled going on buying trips with his father and hauling back bundles of books on the subway, all tied with rope that cut into his hands. The family lived in the Bronx and young Fred studied English at Brooklyn College in the mornings and worked in the shop in the afternoons. His only extended period of time away was two year' service with the US armed forces, but even then he used his leave from the Korean War to work at the shop. In 1957, a year after taking over the business, Bass moved the store from Fourth Avenue to the corner of 12th Street and Broadway, where it stands to this day. In 1952, Bass, who could eventually afford to purchase an apartment in Trump Tower, married Patricia Miller. They had a son, Stephen, who died in 2001, and a daughter, Nancy, who married Ron Wyden, a senator from Oregon. Since her teens she has worked with her father, developing the store, remodeling the space and adding air conditioning (“I hated it，”said Bass). Since 1986 the Strand has run a “Books by the Foot” department, which creates custom book collections based on readers' literary tastes or preferred colors. In 1996, after seven decades as tenants(房客), the Bass family bought their building for $8.2 million. Until then they had negotiated the lease with their landlord at the nearby Knickerbock Bar and Grill; now Bass had to deal with himself. “ When I want to negotiate my own lease I have go to the bar myself”， he joked. Even in his late eighties Bass was making buying trips, though no longer by subway. Time and the Internet have not been kind to booksellers. “Book Row” is now only the Strand, which itself has been redesigned to be more “userfriendly”. Tshirts, postcards, fridge magnets and other gifts now account for about 15 per cent of the Strand's turnover. Satellite stores have been set up and new books have joined the traditional secondhand commodities. “ I make less money，” Bass said，“ but it's a little bit more scientific”. Perhaps the most unusual part of management at the Strand book store was the book quiz—matching authors and title—that job applicants since the 1970 have been required to take. 【1】From the first two paragraphs we learn that the Strand Store ________． A.is rented to different users by the foot B.sells thousands of books to buyers every day C.enjoys popularity with people from different walks of life D.serves regularly as background for a large number of films 【2】What does “treasure hunt” mean to Fred Bass? A.Secondhand books may come from valuable sources. B.Fellow bookshops may make way for the Strand Store. C.He may find fun from characters in different books. D.He knows the changing current of the book trade well enough. 【3】Which of the following is true about Fred Bass's family? A.His mother devoted herself to various civil rights causes. B.His father remarried when he was 13 years old. C.Bass didn't get married until he bought an apartment. D.His daughter Nancy is a senator from Oregon. 【4】The underlined word “haul” in Para 6 probably means ________. A.transport B.bargain C.howl D.drag 【5】Why did Bass make less money? A.He had to spend money adopting more scientific management. B.People spend more time on the Internet than visiting his bookstore. C.His daughter remodeled the space and added such goods as Tshirts. D.He had fewer job applicants who passed the book quiz. 【6】The pattern of the passage is ________． A.a news report B.an advertisement C.a short story D.a biography |
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| 20. 其他阅读题型 | 详细信息 | ||||||||||||||||
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任务型阅读 This time of year, thousands of college applicants wait for enotices and auspiciously(吉利地) sized envelopes from schools, under terrible pressure from their parents, friends, teachers, and themselves. As to this, I offer some advice, which comes not only from a bit of experience, but also a bit of research: just cool out and continue, okay? Many parents and students think there is a world of difference between the lifelong outcomes of an Aminus student who gets into, say. Princeton, and an Aminus student who applies to Princeton but “only” gets into some less selective school, like Penn State or the University of Wisconsin. They assume that a decision made by faceless Ivy League admissions officers, to some extent, will mark the difference between success and failure in life. There are two important things to say about this stress. First, to put the anxiety into context, the kids applying to these schools are already doing quite well. Seventy percent of 29yearolds don't have a bachelor's degree, and the majority of BAs are earned at nonselective schools that accept a majority of their applicants. Many of the applicants have already won life's lottery. But if that doesn't ease the nerves of the 40，000 people waiting on Stanford or Penn, here is a more encouraging conclusion from economics. For most applicants, it doesn't matter if they don't get into their top choice, according to a paper by Stacy Dale, a mathematician at Mathematica Policy Research, and Alan Krueger, an economist at Princeton University. They tracked two groups of students—one that attended college in the 1970s and the other in the early 1990s. They wanted to know：Did students attending the most elite colleges earn more in their 30s. 40s. and 50s than students with similar SAT scores, who were rejected by elite colleges? The short answer was no. Or, in the author's language, the difference between the students who went to superselective schools and the students with similar SAT scores rejected by those schools and went to less selective institutions was “indistinguishable from zero.” What does that mean? It means that, for many students, “who you are” is more important than where you go. It's hard to show that highly selective colleges add much earning power, even with their distinguished professors and professional networks. In addition, the decision of admissions officers isn't as important as the sum of the decisions, habits, and relationships students have built up to this point in their young life. For the elite colleges themselves, the DaleKrueger paper had additional, fascinating findings. It's found that the most selective schools do make an extraordinary difference in life earning for minority students from lesseducated families who are more likely to rely on colleges to provide the training and job networks with great influence. Getting into Princeton if your parents went to Princeton? Fine, although not a gamechanger. But getting into Princeton if your parents both left community college after a year? That could be gamechanging. Whatever the results, it's more important to choose a university that is suited to the college applicants.
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| 21. 单词拼写 | 详细信息 |
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单词拼写 【1】Bob spent fifteen months abroad. Ann, m_______, took care of the child on her own. 【2】To our r_______, there happened to be no people in the building when the fire broke out. 【3】When I got to the airport, my friends were all a_______ the plane. 【4】It’s not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as f_______ as a native English speaker. 【5】He has only been able to trace out the o______ of the plan, without any details. 【6】The government should strengthen laws to ________(监控) food producers. 【7】I ________(惊慌) when I saw smoke coming out of the engine. 【8】They reached a(n) ________(和解) with neighboring countries. 【9】We had a long wait, but it was _______(值得的) because we got the tickets. 【10】To their surprise, the _______(大多数) of people agree to the plan. |
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| 22. 书面表达 | 详细信息 |
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阅读下面短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。 An old proverb says, "Overcome evil by doing good." I read the news and see people who behead（将……斩首）others in the Middle East, abuse maids and domestic workers in Hong Kong, steal money and misuse power in government (not only in China but in the U.S. and every other part of the world), those who claim certain social ideals while privately practicing greed and living lifestyles that totally contradict their so-called 'ideals.' I only see the headlines and rarely read the stories. It is too depressing. So, what do you do when there is so much evil in the world? What can YOU do about it? There's only one thing that I know to do. I know (and feel it deep in my heart) to do good. My way of overcoming evil in the world is too invest in the lives of Chinese children. I do this every day. I love 'giving back'. I love taking the money I earn and investing back into the lives of children. I will create a language learning lab in a public high school's international department (I already bought four new computers for it this week). The students need the tools to work on their English exams and prepare for TOEFL, IELTS and the SAT. There's no provision for them to have such a resource right now, so, rather than complain about it not being done, I decided, 'why don't I do something about it.' I know that I can and just decided to do it. It isn't anything great, but it will make a difference in the lives of some. （写作内容） 1、请以约30个词概括上文的内容； 2、请以约120个词就“人需要行善”进行议论，内容包括： （1）你是否赞成行善？人为什么需要行善？ （2）谈谈你今后打算如何行善； （写作要求） 1、作文中可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不能直接引用原文句子。 2、作文中不能出现真实的姓名和学校名称。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ |
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