上海市2017年高三英语上期期中考试试卷完整版

1. 语法填空

详细信息

Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. (Every year on my birthday, from the time I turned 12, a white gardenia was delivered to my house in Bethesda, Md. No card or note came with it.) I don’t remember ever slamming my door 【1】 anger at her and shouting, “You just don’t understand!” Because she did understand. One month before my high-school graduation, my father died of a heart attack. My feelings ranged from grief to abandonment, fear and over-whelming anger that my dad was missing some of 【2】(important) events in my life. I became completely uninterested in my upcoming graduation, the senior-class play and the prom. But my mother, in the midst of her own grief, 【3】 not hear of my skipping any of those things. The day before my father died, my mother and I 【4】 (go) shopping for a prom dress. We’d found a spectacular one, with yards of dotted Swiss in red, white and blue. 【5】 made me feel like Scarlett O’ Hara, but it was the wrong size. When my father died, I forgot the dress. My mother didn’t. The day before the prom, I found that dress – in the right size – draped majestically over the living room sofa. It 【6】(present) to me – beautifully, artistically, lovingly. I didn’t care if I had a new dress or not. But my mother did. She wanted her children to feel 【7】 (love) and lovable, creative and imaginative, imbued with a sense【8】 there was magic in the world and beauty in the face of adversity. In truth, my mother wanted her children to see 【9】 much like the gardenia – lovely, strong and perfect – with an aura of magic and perhaps a bit of mystery. My mother died ten days after I was married, I was 22. That was the year the gardenias stopped 【10】 (come).

2. 短文填空

详细信息

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than youneed. Gender equality has powerful potential to improve the economy, security and the overall well-being of a population. “If the world closed the gender gap in workforce【1】, global [Gross Domestic Product] would increase by 28 trillion dollars by 2025... That’s about a quarter of the world’s current GDP, and almost half of the world’s current debt,” said U.S. Ambassador-at-Large for Global Women’s Issues Catherine Russell in a recent speech. She also noted that “studies have found that countries with less gender inequality are more secure, and peace 【2】last longer when women are at the negotiating table.” Nonetheless, no country in the world can 【3】that it has achieved full gender equality. “Around the world, women are vastly 【4】in politics and the workforce, particularly in leadership positions and other high-paying jobs,” said Ambassador Russell. At the same time, women make up the majority of the poor. “I’ve heard people say that poverty has a 【5】face, and that makes sense when you consider that women control just one-fifth of global wealth,” said Ambassador Russell. World leaders are beginning to recognize that everyone benefits from 【6】gender equality, she said. This is why gender equality is part of U.S. foreign policy. A key part of U.S. efforts focus on educating and empowering girls. In the past 18 months, the United States 【7】its global strategy to empower adolescent girls, as well as Let Girls Learn, which is a Presidential initiative that focuses on educating girls. We are also working with numerous countries to remove【8】that keep women from inheriting or owning property, entering the formal job market or accessing banking services. “Gender equality sometimes looks like an impossible task —a 【9】without an end,” said Ambassador Russell. “But...we can make progress, and that progress is worth making. Little by little, discussion by discussion, step by step, we can improve the lives of women and girls, men and boys all around the world. And in doing so, we can reach our 【10】goals of peace, prosperity, and security.”

3. 完形填空

详细信息

Rewards and punishments are used in different ways by different communities to maintain social order and to preserve cultural values. In all cultures, parents must teach their children to _______ the community's moral rules and to avoid danger. Adults also condition(训练) each other's observance of social norms, using methods ranging from _______ forms of disapproval such as looking away when someone makes an inappropriate remark, to putting to death individuals for behavior considered abnormal or dangerous. The caning(鞭打) of American teenager Michael Fay in Singapore in 1994 brought wide media attention to _______ differences in the application of punishment. Faced with increasing violence at home, many Americans prove Singapore's punishment to maintain social _______. Was Fay's punishment effective? Whether he _______ avoids vandalism(故意破坏公物) is unknown, but the punishment did apparently lead to his avoidance of Singapore ———which he left promptly. The techniques societies use to maintain social control _______ in part with the dangers and threats that confront them. The Gusii of Kenya, with a history of tribal warfare, face threats not only from outsiders but also from natural forces, including wild animals. Gusii parents tend to rely more on punishment and fear than on _______ in conditioning appropriate social behavior in their children. Caning, food deprivation, and _______ shelter and protection are common forms of punishment. _______, the Mixtecans of Juxtiahuaca, Mexico, are a highly cohesive(有凝聚力的) community, with little internal conflict, and social norms that encourage __________. Their social patterns appear __________, for the Mixtecans are dominated by the nearby Spanish Mexicans, who control the official government and many economic resources in their region. The Mixtecans do not generally impose fines or jail sentences or use physical punishment to prevent aggression. Social rejection is the most feared punishment, and social ties within the community are very strong, so responses that __________ these ties are effective in maintaining social order. In the United States, __________ of social rejection was a more powerful force in maintaining control over antisocial behavior, especially in small communities. Today, even imprisonment does not appear to be an adequate __________ to many forms of crime, especially violent crime. Although one reason is the inconsistent application of punishment, another may be the fact that imprisonment no longer carries the __________ shame it once had, so that prison is no longer as an effective punishment. 【1】A.learn B.challenge C.observe D.revise 【2】A.routine B.traditional C.critical D.mild 【3】A.moral B.cultural C.historical D.religious 【4】A.service B.order C.welfare D.respect 【5】A.dramatically B.purposefully C.consequently D.specifically 【6】A.vary B.match C.cope D.meet 【7】A.threats B.conflicts C.rewards D.praise 【8】A.dominating B.neglecting C.preventing D.withdrawing 【9】A.For example B.On the contrary C.In contrast D.In fact 【10】A.competition B.bravery C.creativity D.cooperation 【11】A.adaptive B.simple C.orderly D.casual 【12】A.threaten B.strengthen C.loosen D.lengthen 【13】A.extent B.problem C.fear D.experience 【14】A.check B.clue C.impact D.judgement 【15】A.occasional B.weak C.constant D.intense

4. 阅读理解

详细信息

Reading Your Mind：Modern technology allows scientists to look inside a living human brain to see what is happening. These procedures are safe and painless. By understanding the normal brain activity, doctors and scientists are better able to assess the brain's behavior during times of injury, disease, and mental illness. CT or CAT scans: Computed tomography (CT) or computerized axial tomography( CAT) shows images of the brain by passing multiple X-ray beams through the brain tissue. CT or CAT scans show a cross-section of the brain. These scans can be used to find brain tumors. MRI scans: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses powerful magnet to cause the atoms of the brain to shake.MRI sensors pick up the signals emitted (/ɪ'mɪt/发出) from the brain’s atoms and a computer interprets them as a picture. MRIs show more detail than CT or CAT scans can. They are especially useful in finding brain tumors that grow on the back of the brain between the ears. PET scans: Positron emission tomography (PET) is different from other scans because it shows how the brain functions. After a person’s bloodstream is injected with a small dose of glucose (葡萄糖), which is what gives the brain energy, scanners around the head detect where the glucose moves. The PET scan shows which part of the brain use a lot of glucose, which are the more active parts. PET scans are helpful for diagnosing strokes, studying mental illness, and learning how the brain process language 【1】How can doctors and scientists understand the brain’s reaction to injury, disease, or mental illness? A.By contrasting it with normal brain activities B.By passing the X-Ray beams through the brain tissue. C.By picking up the signals emitted from the brain’s atoms D.By being injected with glucose and detecting where it moves 【2】By Which two scans mentioned are helpful for diagnosing brain tumors? A.CT/ CAT and Pet B.MRI and pet C.CT/CAT and MRI D.CT and CAT 【3】If a person suffers from defect in speaking, which scan will a doctor be most likely to suggest? A.CT/CAT B.MRI C.PET D.Any one of them

5. 阅读理解

详细信息

Science not always so serious Did you know that if you attach a weighted stick to the back of a chicken, it walks like a dinosaur? No, you did not know (or care to know) such things, but now you do! Thanks to this year’s winners of the Ig Nobel Prizes! Now in its 25th year, the Ig Nobel is the goofy younger cousin of the honored Nobel Prize. It applauds achievements in the fields of medicine, biology, physics, economics, literature, etc. Every September at Harvard University, awards are presented in 10 categories that change year to year, depending on — according to the organization — what makes the judges “laugh, then think”. The ceremony officially begins when audience members launch paper airplanes at an assigned human target on the stage, then speakers only have 60 seconds to present their research. In previous years, the one-minute rule was imposed by a young girl — nicknamed Miss Sweetie Poo — who would go up to the platform and repeat the words: “Please stop, I’m bored,” in a sharp tone until the speaker left the stage. Fortunately for candidates though, the Ig Informal Lectures are held afterwards on Saturday to give presenters more time to explain the crazy things they’re working on. The research can seem more like the brainchildren of teenage boys than of respectable adults. Justin Schmidt won the physiology Ig for creating the “Sting Pain Index,” which rates the pain people feel after getting stung (蛰) by insects. Smith pressed bees against 25 different parts of his body until they stung him. Five stings a day for 38 days, Smith concluded that the most painful sting locations were the nostril (鼻孔) and the upper lip. Ouch. As silly as they sound, not all of the Ig awards lack scientific applicability. A group of scientists from 12 different countries won in the medicine category for accurately diagnosing patients with appendicitis (阑尾炎) based on an unusual measurement: speed bumps (减速带). They found that patients are more likely to have appendicitis if they report pain during bumpy car rides. All these weird experiments have just one thing in common. They’re improbable. It can be tempting to assume that “improbable” implies more than that — implies bad or good, worthless or valuable, trivial or important. Something improbable can be any of those, or none of them, or all of them, in different ways. And what you don’t expect can be a powerful force for not only entertaining science, but also for the boundary-pushing science we call innovation. 【1】The underlined word “goofy” in Paragraph 2 probably means __________. A. timid B. funny C. glorious D. warm-hearted 【2】According to the passage, what can we know about the awarding ceremony of Ig Nobel? A. It is held at a fixed place. B. Candidates should know how to fold paper planes. C. Miss Sweetie Poo is one of the hostesses. D. Ig Informal Lecture gives presenters 60 seconds to finish their speeches. 【3】The example in Paragraph 6 is used to illustrate that Ig Nobel __________. A. celebrates the diligent work of researchers B. offers another opportunity to those who miss the Nobel Prizes C. serves as a platform for the creative and practical achievements D. amuses the audience 【4】Among the four candidates below, who is most likely to win an Ig Nobel? A. A chemist who invents a chemical method to partially un-boil an egg. B. A novelist who criticizes social injustice severely. C. A physicist who studies the origin of the universe. D. An economist who achieves a breakthrough in the study of international trade.

6. 阅读理解

详细信息

The psychology of innovation Why are so few companies truly innovation? Innovation is key to business survival, and companies put substantial resources into inspiring employees to develop new ideas. There are, nevertheless, people working in luxurious, state-of-the-art centres designed to stimulate innovation who find that their environment doesn’t make them feel at all creative. And there are those who don’t have a budget, or much space, but who innovate successfully. For Robert B. Cialdini, Professor of Psychology at Arizona State University, one reason that companies don’t succeed as often as they should is that innovation starts with recruitment. Research shows that the fit between an employee’s values and a company’s values makes a difference to what contribution they make and whether, two years after they join, they’re still at the company. One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’ n’ roll emphasizes Ciaidini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Sun’s ‘million-dollar quartet’ could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison, a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perkins or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionize popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it. Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label. Managing innovation is a delicate art. It’s easy for a company to be pulled in conflicting directions as the marketing, product development, and finance departments each get different feedback from different sets of people. And without a system which ensures collaborative exchanges within the company, it’s also easy for small ‘pockets of innovation’ to disappear. Innovation is a contact sport. You can’t brief people just by saying, ‘We’re going in this direction and I’m going to take you with me.’ Cialdini believes that this ‘follow-the-leader syndrome is dangerous, not least because it encourages bosses to go it alone. ‘It’s been scientifically proven that three people will be better than one at solving problems, even if that one person is the smartest person in the field.’ To prove his point, Cialdini cites an interview with molecular biologist James Watson. Watson, together with Francis Crick, discovered the structure of DNA, the genetic information carrier of all living organisms. ‘When asked how they had cracked the code ahead of an array of highly accomplished rival investigators, he said something that stunned me. He said he and Crick had succeeded because they were aware that they weren’t the most intelligent of the scientists pursuing the answer. The smartest scientist was called Rosalind Franklin who, Watson said, “was so intelligent she rarely sought advice”.’ Writing, visualizing and prototyping can stimulate the flow of new ideas. Cialdini cites scores of research papers and historical events that prove that even something as simple as writing deepens every individual’s engagement in the project. It is, he says, the reason why all those competitions on breakfast cereal packets encouraged us to write in saying, in no more than 10 words: ‘I like Kellogg’s Com Flakes because… .’ The very act of writing makes us more likely to believe it. Authority doesn’t have to inhibit innovation but it often does. Many theorists believe the ideal boss should lead from behind, taking pride in collective accomplishment and giving credit where it is due. Cialdini says: ‘Leaders should encourage everyone to contribute and simultaneously assure all concerned that every recommendation is important to making the right decision and will be given full attention.’ The frustrating thing about innovation is that there are many approaches, but no magic formula. However, a manager who wants to create a truly innovative culture can make their job a lot easier by recognizing these psychological realities. 【1】The example of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point about____. A.recognizing talent. B.working as a team. C.having a shared objective. D.being an effective leader. 【2】James Watson suggests that he and Francis Crick won the race to discover the DNA code because they ____. A.were conscious of their own limitations. B.brought complementary skills to their partnership. C.were determined to outperform their brighter rivals. D.encouraged each other to realize their joint ambition. 【3】The writer mentions competitions on breakfast cereal packets as an example of how to____. A.inspire creative thinking. B.generate concise writing. C.promote loyalty to a group. D.strengthen commitment to an idea. 【4】In the last paragraph, the writer suggests that it is important for employees to____. A.be aware of their company’s goals. B.feel that their contributions are valued. C.have respect for their co-workers’ achievements. D.understand why certain management decisions are made.

7.

详细信息

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentence given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentence than you need. Many people go through life’s usual phases of ups and downs, which are common and normal stages in life, but when your self-esteem is low, you may need to know how to boost your self-esteem, since it can lead to problems you may not have thought of. Self-esteem is the measurement or the value of how a person knows his worth and its effects are life-changing and dramatic, since it makes up a person’s attitude and outlook towards life. 【1】 But when self-esteem is low, you can either sulk and be sad or be afraid to try out new things or take risks and chances with your love-life, career, relationships and self-improvement. Self-esteem plays a key role in the maturity of a person, especially when trying to get away from a dangerous situation, going through a series trial in life. Our normal responses to these circumstances and situations are governed by how we value ourselves and how our decisions are dictated by these conditions. Faced with tough decisions in life, the more self-esteem one has, the better. It is for that person to make sound decisions, even in the face of peer pressure or stress at work and at home. Let us try to look into some of the common and best practices which have been and tested to boost self-esteem. Always compliment yourself daily, especially by trying to look for specific tasks you did well for that day and congratulate yourself for it. 【2】List down all things you are good at doing and achieving, be it a talent, skill, sport or building up other people. You can add focus to these good points and fuel our passion to do better and make you not only understand yourself more, but also give you the true meaning and measurement of self worth and this is how you see yourself as important. Appreciation of one’s physical appearance and bearing can also be your source of self-esteem, be it the size and shape of your body, your overall physical structure or unique features. Your body can be your source of pride and will help you understand how you would like others to see you, or work on your physical appearance to boost self-morale and satisfaction. Sometimes when you tend to see things in a different light or perspectives from others, don’t makes too much on making sure that what you think will cause things to change. 【3】 When you have self-esteem you will realize that what you did was right and was made under your own food judgment, sound principles and concepts based on your personal outlook and attitude towards life. Do not let negative feedback affect you. Of course, one cannot help but feel bad about negative comments or reactions, but you have to consider that these are tests against your character and personality. 【4】 So try to look at yourself and see, and if you feel less important or are not satisfied with how you see and look at things, then think about ways on how to boost your self-esteem. You’ll thank yourself for it. A. If you yourself not anybody else that can correct your self-esteem. B. Simply put, self-esteem is the fuel that makes you feel important or loved by others. C. More often times it will not, but don’t let that cloud your perception about yourself. D. Now that we’ve covered those aspects of self-esteem, let’s turn to some of the other factors that need to be considered. E. It will give you a regular motivation to work harder and better to improve yourself and develop your sense of maturity as a person. F. When you self-esteem is high, you are less likely to be affected by these situations.

8.

详细信息

Summary Fishing is probably the world’s most popular sport. People spend many dollars each year on items like boats and four-wheel-drive vehicles. In addition, they spend money on fishing equipment, bait, fuel and boat repairs. And you can see that fishing can be an expensive pastime. Fishing lovers believe that their hobby is worth it. Others say that fishing is spoiling the environment and that it is a cruel hobby. Supporters of fishing say that it is a nice hobby. Firstly, of the millions of people who fish for fun, most only catch enough fish to feed their families. They catch fish that are found in large numbers, so there is little danger to the species. Secondly, recreational fishermen contribute to the economy. They spend money on equipment and other items, and they also spend it indirectly by paying taxes on their equipment and fuel. Those who travel to fishing spots pay for accommodation and airfares. This money keeps people in work and provides new jobs each year. Thirdly, fishing is relaxing and fun so it lessens stress. Instead of turning to drugs or alcohol, it is far better to go fishing. People who are relaxed are generally healthier and much nicer to be near –except for the smell of the bait! Those who disagree with fishing say that there are too many fish thoughtlessly taken from rivers, lakes, streams and oceans. This could lead to the dying out of some species. Modern cars and boats mean that people can fish in remote areas of the world, so no place is safe from greedy fishermen who take both males and females, leaving few fish to produce young. Those against fishing also say that it is a blood sport, which means that an animal must die so that a human can have fun. Many of the fish caught for sport are not suitable for eating, so they are thrown away. Once hooked, fish have no chance of escape.

9. 翻译	详细信息
Translation 【1】店主在卖这台空气净化器时向你开价多少？（charge） 【2】参加社区服务对提高青少年的综合能力有好处。（involve） 【3】就是在我周末经常去看书的那个图书馆，我碰巧遇到了我的小学同窗。（It） 【4】尽管网购商品价格便宜，但我觉得盲目购物是不明智的，毕竟质量才是王道。（despite）

10. 书面表达

详细信息

进入高三以来，小明的学习成绩不理想。父母为了帮助他学习，采取了陪读的方式（accompany their kid studying）。他们给自己的孩子制订了学习计划，并每天检查孩子的学习，督促他按时完成学习任务，陪孩子学习到深夜… 请以此写一篇作文，内容必须包括： 1.简要描叙上述情景。 2.就上述关于父母陪读的做法谈谈你的看法。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________