题目

①A、B、C、D、E是周期表中短周期元素，它们的原子序数依次增大，A和D的最外层电子数是其电子层数的2倍，B和D同主族，C的原子是短周期元素中原子半径最大的。请回答： （1）写出元素名称：A               、B                  。 （2）已知AD2与AB2的结构相似，AD2的结构式为                           ， 该分子是              （填“极性”或“非极性”）分子。 （3）常温下将E单质通入到C的最高价氧化物对应的　　Every year in developing countries, a million people die from urban air pollution and twice that number from exposure to stove smoke inside their homes. Another 3 million unfortunates die prematurely (过早的) every year from water-related diseases. All told, premature deaths and illnesses arising from environmental factors account for about a fifth of all diseases in poor countries, bigger than any other preventable factor, including malnutrition.     The link between environment and poverty is central to that great race for sustainability. It is a pity, then, that several powerful fallacies (谬论) keep getting in the way of sensible debate. One popular myth is that trade and economic growth make poor countries' environmental problems worse: Growth, it is said, brings with it urbanization, higher energy consumption and industrialization —all factors that contribute to pollution and pose health risks.     Another common view is that poor countries should pollute now and clean up later. Certainly poor countries should not be made to adopt American or European environmental standards. But there is evidence to suggest that poor countries can and should try to tackle some environmental problems now, rather than wait till they have become richer.     One powerful—and until recently ignored—weapon in the fight for a better environment is local people. Much academic research has shown that the poor are often victims of resource depletion (损耗) : it tends to be rich locals or outsiders who are  responsible for the worst exploitation (开发). Local people usually have a better knowledge of local ecological conditions than experts in faraway capitals, as well as a direct interest in improving the quality of life in their village. 　　  1. From the first paragraph we can learn that——. 　　　　  A. in developing countries 6 million people die from environmental factors each year 　　　　  B. in developing countries 3 million people lose their lives each year because of water shortage 　　　　  C. in developing countries environmental factors are the biggest cause for abnormal death 　　　　  D. in developing countries more people die from malnutrition 　　  2. According to the author, which of the following contributes most to environmental problems in poor countries? 　　　　    A. poverty　　　　　　　　 B. urban air pollution 　　 C. water-related diseases　　  D. rich locals and outsiders 　　  3. The main idea of Para. 3 is 　　　　    A. poor countries should pollute now and clean up later 　　　　    B. poor countries should take environmental problems seriously as early as possible 　　　　    C. poor countries should follow American or European environmental standards 　　　　    D. some poor countries hold a false guideline in tackling environmental problems 　　  4. According to the author, people who can play an important role in tackling environmental problems are ——. 　　　　    A. rich locals　　　　　　  B outsiders 　　　　    C. local residents　　　　   D environmental experts