对于质量守恒定律的解释不正确的是: A 化学反应前后,分子的数目不变 B 化学反应前后,原子的种类不变。 C 化学反应前后,原子的数目不变。 D 化学反应前后,参加反应的物质的总质量和生成物的总质量相等 答案:ADirections: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information
for the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.
The contemporary environmental movement is often said to
have begun with the publication of Silent Spring by the zoologist and biologist
Rachel Carson (1907–1964). This landmark work, which took Carson 4 years to
complete, diligently detailed the relationship between animal death and
the use— now understood as the abuse—of man-made chemicals used as pesticides,
especially DDT. One of the claims of the book that she tried to demonstrate was
that DDT had the effect of softening the eggshells of birds as well as
interfering with their reproduction, and that such effects would lead to their
extinction if use of DDT were to continue. It would eventually create a
springtime of silence when the songs of birds would not be heard. Her studies
also found DDT to be a cause of human cancers.
Born in Springdale, Pennsylvania, Carson graduated from
the Pennsylvania College for Women in Pittsburgh (now Chatham College), where
she majored in English until her junior year, when a course in biology inspired
her to switch to zoology as her field of concentration. She earned a master’s
degree in this area from Johns Hopkins University and became a biologist at the
Bureau of Fisheries in 1936. During this time, she wrote for various national
magazines, and her first book, Under the Sea-Wind, was published. Carson had
concerns as early as 1945 about pesticides being used more and more by the
government. But her cautionary claims in Silent Spring were met with anger by
the pesticide and chemical industries. Her authority as a scientist were
challenged, and it was held that her findings were just the roars of a
hysterical(歇斯底里的) woman.
She was even accused of being a member of the Communist Party. Some go so far
as to say that she told a lie .
But She is often celebrated as the founder of the
contemporary U.S. environmental movement. Yet her work in Silent Spring,
warning about the misuse of pesticides and other chemicals, has not as yet
taken firm hold. Americans likely use twice as much the volume of pesticides
that they did at the time she published her seminal work, and globally, their
use is ever increasing. Powerful pesticides are sold over the counter, and
their use is so widespread that many environmentalists are fearful that
chemical runoff into streams and rivers is still popullting the animals that
humans eat and the water that they drink.
In short, while the main purpose of Silent Spring was to
warn the public of the dangers of the overuse of pesticides and chemicals,
nonetheless the public hasn’t refused such use. Isn't it time that we firmly
said no to pesticides?