题目

I am one of the many city people who are always saying that given the choice we would prefer to live in the country away from the dirt and noise of a large city. I have managed to convince myself that if it weren’t for my job I would immediately head out for the open spaces and go back to nature in some sleepy village buried in the country. But how realistic is the dream? Cities can be frightening places. The majority of the population live in massive tower blocks, noisy, dirty and impersonal. The sense of belonging to a community tends to disappear when you live fifteen floors up. 疫苗对预防传染病具有重要意义。为研制抗某种病毒的灭活病毒疫苗,研究人员设计实验方案如下: (1)制备疫苗 将纯化的某种病毒在特定的______________________中培养、增殖。收获病毒后用灭活剂杀死,但要确保灭活病毒的________________不被破坏且能被免疫细胞识别。这样得到的灭活病毒即为本实验所用的疫苗。 (2)用实验动物检测疫苗刺激机体产生抗体的能力 ①实验原理:通过接种疫苗,灭活病毒进入实验动物体内可刺激B细胞,使之增殖、分化形成效应B细胞并产生相应的________________;当____________病毒再次入侵时,机体能产生更强的特异性免疫反应,包括_______________________________________。 ②实验过程:将健康的实验动物分成对照组和多个实验组,每组若干只动物。 对照组的处理:接种不含疫苗的接种物,一段时间后再_____________________。 实验组的处理:接种_____________________________。一段时间后再接种病毒。 为确定该疫苗的有效浓度,不同实验组动物需接种_______________________的疫苗。 ③分析实验结果:统计实验组和对照组动物的发病率、存活率。 若该疫苗可以刺激机体产生足够的抗体,则实验组比对照组发病率___________,存活率_______。
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