Unit 3 Environmental Protection 知识点题库

—Yes. He has worked in our factory for 35 years! What a good worker!

There is little doubt that Earth (get) warmer and warmer. The "man－made" greenhouse effect has contributed to the climate change.

There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to increase in extreme weather and natural (disaster) worldwide, not only causing serious damage, but also costing human lives. Climate scientists have warned that we do not take appropriate actions, this warming trend will (probable) continue and there will be a higher price to pay.

Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result further warming and long-lasting changes to the global climate, requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures (reduce) greenhouse gas emissions.

We as individuals can also reduce our "carbon footprint" by (restrict) the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our (responsible) to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming, along with its causes and impacts, because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.

When Laura Wood's senior year began, she was expecting to talk to the usual handful of members in the Environmental Club of Scarborough.1, she found herself standing in front of 60 of her peers.

The year before Wood took over as 2, the new club was still trying to establish itself. As the first meeting 3, she worked hard to advertise that the club still existed and was looking for 4 members. Her campaign worked. Sixty 5 showed up to hear what Wood would say about helping to improve the local environment.

"It was 6," said Wood. "I really wasn't 7 60 kids, you know, because last year there were only 10. We want to help purchase our school the first 8 minibus. "

Under Wood's direction, the club suddenly started to grow 9. Later, it opened the green bus bank account.

With the club, Wood also collected cans and paper both to raise more money and to help the school reduce 10. This wasn't always an easy job. Wood didn't just pick up 11; she sorted the useful waste out, sometimes after it had been 12 thrown away. "We'd be a little 13 most of the time in the afternoons," said Wood.

By the end of the year they had been 14 about $60 a week by saving the cans and bottles.

This is what Wood usually goes about starting change: quietly but effectively.  "She's a 15 kid," said Principal Andrew Dolloff. "She just doesn't do flashy (招摇的) things to get noticed."

The world celebrates Earth Day every year on April 22. But one school in Potomac, Maryland tries to celebrate Earth Day every day. Very young children are learning about the environment and taking action to show their love for the Earth.

A child's world is the world of playing. They love being outside in the open air, running, sliding and swinging on playground equipment. But children at St. James Children's School also add to that fun by picking up rubbish in the school. Inside, they learn to save water and electricity. They also recycle and reuse things. And every spring they get the soil ready to plant flowers and vegetables in the school garden.

The children at St. James range from six weeks to six years old. The environmental study begins at age two. Rebecca Boker teaches the children the importance of taking care of the Earth. Boker says every day at St. James is Earth Day. She points to books in all the classrooms and in the library. Most contain materials that urge children to do something to help the environment and protect the Earth.

St. James's children observe the growth of plants from seeds to sprouts (苗；芽) in cups kept in the classroom. Then they watch the plants continue to grow after placing them in the garden. The students also observe the lifecycle of some insects. After that, they know it is their job to respect their home just like they want others to respect theirs.

But do these very young children really get the message that their teachers try to communicate? Ms Boker says yes. On April 22 the kids at St. James will go out to the school's garden for the yearly clean-up. But for them, Earth Day will continue for the school days ahead as well.

It's important to learn how we can protect the environment. Here are 5R rules for us.

Reduce. If you want to reduce waste, you should use things more wisely.  If everyone uses paper carelessly, soon we would not have any trees left. Other things are also being wasted, and people don't know what to do with the waste in big cities. So it is necessary to reduce the amount of waste we produce. 

Reuse. You should always think of reusing things before throwing them out. For example, In a family, you may pass on such clothes to younger brothers or sisters.

Recycle. Bottles, cans and paper can easily be recycled. By doing so, we can save lots of time and money. For example, The metal can be used to make new Coke cans.

Recover. You have two choices: one is to throw the apples away, the second is to throw the rotten ones and keep the good ones. In this way, you are recovering the eatable parts of food.

Repair. If one of the legs of your table is broken, you should repair it. If you want to buy something newer and better, it is better for you to sell the old table, or   

Learn the rules to protect our environment. Let's try our best to make the earth cleaner and more beautiful.

A. give the clothes you do not use or the ones which are too small to the poor.

B. Coke cans are sent to a factory, where they are smashed flat and melted.

C. A large number of trees are being cut down to make paper.

D. Trees are planted every year.

E. give it to people who can use it after repairing it.

F. don't throw it away if you can use it.

G. When you buy a box of apples, there may be a few rotten ones.

There is good and bad news about the number of trees on our planet. The good news is there are seven times more trees than we (think). A few years ago, scientists estimated the world had 400 billion trees, but a new study makes a (calculate) that there are around three trillion trees. That's three (follow) by 12 zeroes. But Dr. Thomas Crowther told the BBC that this new number is unable (change) anything.

What is the bad news? Thousands of years ago, the Earth had around six trillion trees. Human activity has cut the number of trees on the planet half. A good example of this is fact that Europe used to be one of the giant forests. Dr.Crowther said people are (responsibility) for the loss of three trillion trees. Another 15 billion trees are lost each year because of deforestation (毁林) and farmland. The scientists said this figure is" (extreme) higher" than a century ago. Dr. Crowther added," This study highlights how much more effort (need) if we are to restore healthy forests worldwide."

It is reported that Americans would discard (丢弃) over 130 million cellphones a year for the next three years. Cellphones are filled with 1materials such as lead, zinc (锌)and arsenic (砷). The discarded2will do great harm to the environment. There are, however, recycling programs for cellphones. 3, most people don't know these programs.

The4to these problems is not heavy regulations, but education. Currently, students rarely learn about environmental problems. If people understood the dangers of plastic bags, they would 5 reusable ones. If people knew what was in their fertilizer, there would be a change in their 6.

Over the past years, American children have responded to education: After realizing the bad effects of smoking, the first place people 7was the school. As a result, the percentage of teenagers smoking dropped8. Education did work! Why not use it to solve environmental problems?

Also, with more education about the environment, more students could go into9professions. With more bright people researching the clean energy, we could 10from coal and gasoline to hydrogen or solar power more quickly.

Of course, this education does not have to be11to schools. Any12can have exhibits on what you can do for the environment. Television PSAs (公益广告) can 13about not just general issues but14things people can do to protect environment.

With more children learning about their15and entering into relevant professions, our environment will be saved.

In the movie, The Day After Tomorrow, many climate changes including an ice age are caused by global warming. Much of the science in the movie has been questioned by people. However, there may be some truth to the idea in the movie that global warming could cause an ice age.

The theory starts with an understanding of why Europe and Scandinavia are not colder already. After all, other places at the same latitude(纬度) are covered with ice. The ocean current called the Gulf Stream brings warm waters from the Caribbean to the UK and Europe. These waters warm the countries around their path. This is why the UK, Europe and Scandinavia have a warmer climate than Alaska. Global warming has nothing to do with this. Global warming is significant. It could slow the Gulf Stream, or even stop it. If this were to happen, the cold waters would stay in the area of Europe, the UK, Scandinavia and the Northeastern US. It could mean an ice age for those regions.

Some weaknesses in the Gulf Stream could happen for different reasons. These days, it could happen due to global warming, caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels.

If a new ice age happened, it would probably be caused by the melting of the polar ice. This will lead large quantities of cold and fresh water to come into the ocean, which would disrupt the Gulf Stream and cause the cooling of many areas that now have a mild climate.

Scientists have gathered a lot of data from the oceans and the land to try to determine whether an ice age could be caused by global warming. With all this information at hand, it appears that it is indeed possible that global warming could lead to an ice age.

Not only does the use of plastic water bottles hurt your wallet, it also increases pollution and wastes energy and water. Only 23% of all plastic in America ends up in a recycling bin, meaning over $1 billion worth of plastic is treated as rubbish a year. Recently, Skipping Rocks Lab has invented a kind of water bottle called Ooho.

It is a convenient, clear water bottle that can either be drunk or eaten. To drink it, you can either peel off the membrane(薄膜) or tear a hole in the membrane with your teeth to pour the water into your mouth. To eat it, you simply put the whole bottle in your mouth. One problem the scientists have run into is how to ship large amounts of Ooho bubbles(水泡) without arriving with a very wet truck. However, they have attempted to package units of individual bubbles together inside a larger and thicker membrane. It is targeting large outdoor events, such as marathons, music festivals, and sporting events, where tons of plastic bottles are used, and frequently left behind as litter. And too much plastic is sure to do harm to the environment, which could account for their purpose of such a new invention.

The team has been working for the past two years to develop the technology and materials needed to produce Ooho; they have recently applied a patent(专利)for their new advancements. The price for an individual bubble or a unit of bubbles has not been set yet, but they cost about two cents to create a unit, which is cheaper than plastic bottles. It has appeared at events in London, San Francisco, Boston, at conferences, festivals, and so on.

Ooho is catching many people's attention and has raised over $1 million and gained 1, 000 investors in only three days. It is mostly being sold at events at the moment to keep the consumer's interest while the production machine is getting up and running. It is quickly making a rise, so keep an eye out this year for these bottles of the future.

Scientists think they have answered a mystery: How some ocean creatures got so huge so quickly.

A few million years ago, the largest whales averaged about 15 feet long. Then seemingly overnight, one type of whale, the toothless baleen whale(须鲸) became huge. Modern blue whales get as big as 100 feet. Nicholas Pyenson of the Smithsonian Natural History Museum said," Why is that? "

"It happened in the glance of an evolutionary eye, which makes it harder to figure out what happened," said Graham Slater, lead author of the study. Their study has suggested an answer: Ice ages in the last 3 to 5 million years started it, changing the oceans and food supply for whales. 

The researchers used fossil records of the smaller whales to create a family tree for baleen whales, which include blue whales, humpbacks and right whales. Using computer simulations(模拟) and knowledge about how evolution works, they concluded that when the size changes started, the poles got colder, ice expanded and the water circulation in the oceans changed and winds shifted. Slater and Pyenson said cold water went deep and moved closer to the equator(赤道) and then eventually moved back up with small fish and other small animals that whales eat.

Baleen whales which have no teeth feed by eating huge amounts of fish they capture. Toothed whales, like sperm whales(抹香鲸), hunt individual fish, so the ocean changes that made food less evenly spread out didn't affect them as much. But baleen whales hunt schools of fish.

Olivier Lambert at the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences calls it" a really convincing situation". But he said the lack of fossils in certain time periods is an issue. As oceans warm from man-made climate change, the seas will be more like it was when the whales were smaller and they will have a more difficult time surviving.

1）汽车排放废气；

2）工厂燃烧各种燃料；

3）人类过度消耗各种资源。

注意：1）词数80个左右。开头已经给出，不计入总词数；

2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Recently my classmates and I have made a survey about the reasons for environmental pollution.

We're often reminded of the importance of preserving the planet as we see it for future generations—and children at St Oswald's CE Primary School Chester certainly agree.

Nine-year-old Isobel Kelleher from the school's Hummingbirds class thinks adults need to take note." Sometimes they can be busy and I don't think they think they can make a difference, but if everyone does a little bit it all adds up," she tells HuffPost UK." We started looking at plastic pollution in our oceans and the things like plastic bags that are polluting them," she says." Fish can eat the plastic and they can die, or we might even eat the fish ourselves."

Mr Timms, Isobel's teacher, has been spearheading a new project at the school which lets children loose creatively to raise awareness of the need to be more environmentally friendly. The entire Hummingbirds class, which is made up of 9-and 10-year-old pupils, has been busy writing poems and creating online video adverts to warn adults about the serious situation of our oceans and wildlife.

Mr Timms thinks children have an important role to play in teaching us how to take care of the things around us." We sometimes overlook how much we can really learn from children," he says." It has been really hard to believe having parents come in saying that their children have been asking them to stop using plastic, and to recycle more, and even stopping them using plastic straws."

Mr Timms is proud of his Hummingbirds class." The message that they would like to send to world is simple: stopping this isn't someone else's job, and it won't be OK if we just leave it."

In the spring of 2021, the sudden climate change occurred in this area，.

There was a traffic jam on the way; otherwise .

Last month, I was traveling on the 28X bus from the University of Pittsburgh to catch a flight to an academic conference in New Orleans. As usual, I was trying to 1 many tasks, and was participating in a research interview on my2while on the bus. Before I knew it, we were at the 3, so I got off the bus while trying to continue the 4. I finished my conversation in 5 claim and then looked down to 6 my things, so I could get to security (安检), and realized my work bag was 7 My work bag with my laptop and iPad!

A police officer noticed my 8 look and led me to the information desk where they instructed me on how to call Port Authority. I9 didn't know how anything could be done, but the 10 was able to call the bus driver on my bus. While I was waiting anxiously on hold, they found and identified my bag. 11, they said I would need to go to the East Liberty station to retrieve (收回) it, but asked me to hold again. I was about to 12 and cancel the whole thing when the operator came back on the phone and said my bus driver had 13 it to another bus driver who was on his way. He came back to the airport with no one else on the bus to give me my bag, all 14 untouched!

A big thank you to Port Authority! What teamwork to 15 me out!