政治经济文化类 知识点题库

Choose the best answer to complete the passage.
You've just finished with middle school and you may start wondering, “What is high school like? Is high school a lot 1middle school? Is it going to be hard to start out in a new place?"
Most high schools in America hold a freshman class 2school actually starts. When you talk to people in the freshman class, you 3 that a lot of them are feeling just like you are, excited, maybe 4afraid. Talking about a question of common interest with your classmates could start a new 5.
The work in high school builds on what you 6in middle school, and gives you more knowledge of many subjects. So you 7feel that it's a bit more challenging. But these challenges can make you feel 8. And there are many resources (资源）to use if you feel that the work is too much.
At the beginning of high school, you'll get to know it has more activities than middle school, such as clubs, music groups, and sports teams. These activities may 9 before or after school, or during your free time. 10this, time management is an important skill in your11 year.
Middle school teaches you the12of study and social skills while high school gives you the chance to learn 13to be more independent (独立的).It's all right if you’re nervous14. Just be patient and keep 15. Once you've got used to your new independence, you can go farther than you ever imagined.

Thousands of years ago，human(人类)didn’t live in towns．Sometimes they would live in caves(洞穴)or build camps in the forest．
Only about thirty people1 in each camp．The men would go hunting while the woman and children2food from trees around the camp．All the food was 3 among people in the group．Every few weeks they moved to another place to find more food．It was a simple life，but people had to be 4 .They had to make everything that they needed，and they had to know a lot about plants and animals．
Nowadays most people live in towns and cities，and they work in offices and factories．Life is 5than in the old days．There are fewer 6 ， but there is less excitement．Some people go7  excitement  sailing round the world．climbing mountains，or exploring(探测)caves．
Most people look forward to the8,a time when they can enjoy a change from the normal life．For some this means going camping．But camping today is 9 from camping in the past．Gas cookers，ready-made food and air-beds mean people can camp much more10 than they did in the old times．

   The Japanese Macaca monkey has been studied in the wild for over 50 years. In 1952, on one small Japanese island, scientists dropped some 1  in the dirt for the monkeys. The monkeys liked their taste, but they found the dirt  2.
   One clever 18-month-old monkey found she could 3 the problem by washing the sweet potatoes in a nearby river. She taught this to her mother. Her 4 also learned this new way and they taught their mothers, too.
   All the younger monkeys 5 learned to wash the dirty sweet potatoes to make them 6 to eat. But many old monkeys found it very hard to learn this and still ate the 7 sweet potatoes.
   Then something very surprising 8. In the autumn of 1958, scientists found that the monkeys on other nearby 9 began washing their sweet potatoes too. Scientists still don’t fully understand how this knowledge was 10 from one island to another.

   Li Xiang, a junior 2 student, wishes he never got a mobile phone. Last week, he went to see a doctor because there was something wrong with his arms and fingers. The doctor told him that he had "mobile phone disease(疾病)". Now, more and more teenagers are getting    “mobile phone disease” of using mobile phones.
   Li Xiang got his mobile phone six months  . He   messages to his friends with it all the time, even when going to bed. Li Xiang started to do badly in exams because he spent too much time   mobile phone games. His mom felt very   about him, but he didn’t stop playing with the mobile phone   his arms got injured（受伤）.
   Yang Ling, a doctor, says that if someone plays his mobile phone too  , like Li Xiang, he will get “mobile phone disease”. If teenagers find their arms or fingers hurt (疼痛), they should go to see a doctor as soon as  . Yang says teenagers should try to use their mobile phones less, especially at school.

     The time in a bookshop can be enjoyable. If you go to a   1  bookshop, no assistant will come near to you and say, "Can I help you?" You  2  buy anything you don't want. You may try to find out  3  the book you want is. But if you can't find it, the assistant will lead（带领） you there and then he will go away. It seems that he is  4 selling books at all. A story tells us about a good bookshop. A young student  5   a very useful book in the bookshop. 6   it was too expensive for him. He couldn't get it from the library, either. So every afternoon, he went there to 7  a little at a time. One day, however, he couldn't find  8  from its usual place and was leaving when he saw an assistant signing(示意) to him. To his surprise, the assistant pointed to the book in the desk , "I put it there 9I don't want other people to buy it," said the assistant. Then he  10   the student go on with his reading.

完形填空。
You asked about places to go and things to do in our town. The Downtown Mall is always 1 .
It's a　2 　place in the oldest part of town. There are some good stores and restaurants there. 3　, Trendy Clothing Store is in Downtown Mall. It's a fun place to shop, and it has the　4　quality clothes. The shop assistants(售货员) are friendly 5people. My favorite 6in town is Nick's Restaurant. It is close to my house. It's cheap and the hamburgers there are great. I like Dragon City Restaurant, 7. You can eat wonderful noodles there and the beef noodles are the most delicious! You must try the dumplings there, too. But it's more expensive than Nick's. The Big Cinema is the best cinema in town. It has the biggest screen and the most8 seats. The Del Ray Complex is also a good place to see movies. It doesn't have the 9movies, but the tickets are the cheapest.
Anyway, there are lots of things to do and to see here. Come for a　10soon!

     Malls are popular for Americans to go to. Some people spend1much time at malls that they are called “mall rats”. Mall rats shop until they visit hundreds of stores.
    People like malls for many2. They feel safe because malls have police stations. Parking is usually 3, and the temperature inside is always fine. The newest malls have beautiful rest areas with waterfalls and large green trees.
    The4 mall in the United States is the mall of America in Minnesota. It covers 4.2 million square feet. It has 350 stores, eight night clubs, and a large park! There are parking spaces for 12,7505. About 750,000 people shop there every week.
    The first mall in the United States was built in 1965 in Edina, Minnesota. People love doing all their shopping in 6 place(s). More malls are built around the country. Now malls are like town centers where people come to7many things, they shop, of course, they also eat in food courts that have food from all over the world. They see movies at theaters. Some people even get their daily 8by doing the new sport of “ mall walking.”9go to malls to meet friends.
    In some malls, people can see a doctor or a dentist and even go to the church. In other words, people can do just about10in malls. Now people can actually live in their favorite shopping center.

根据短文理解，从A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。

     Fashion is 1 of culture. The Tang costume stands 2 Chinese history and fashion culture. It 3 Tang costume when China became known to other countries 4 the Han and Tang dynasties. From then on, people called Chinese clothes "Tang costumes".

     Chinese fashion is different not only from Western fashion, 5 from that in other Asian countries, such as Japan and Korea. The beautiful silk knots and the other decorations on Tang-style clothes are popular all over the 6 now.

     Today people can design the Tang costume as 7 formal or casual clothes. It 8 both the wearer's personal style and 9 rich traditional culture.  So we say the Tang costume is very 10 and very different from Western-style suits.

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Do you want to take a trip to China?

    China is a big 1 , so it's important to choose(选择) the places to 2 and the time to go. And bring a map, or（否则） you may get 3.

    The best time to go to Xinjiang is 4 June to October. You can see beautiful scenery(风景) and eat 5 fruits. The weather is usually 6 during(在……期间) the day, but it may be cold in the evening. So you have to bring more 7.

    It never gets cold in Hainan. You can also get there in winter. Take your swimming clothes because you may want to 8, even in December.

    Jiuzhaigou is a good place to go to in summer 9 it's not hot there. The scenery is really beautiful. Don't 10 to take some photos.

完形填空

    In our country we think being modest(谦虚的) is a virtue(美德) and being proud is a bad thing. One day, I heard an American boy say to a Chinese student, “you speak very good English.” But the girl answered, “No, no. My English is very poor.” The foreigner was quite 1at the answer. Thinking he had not made himself understood or the girl had not heard him 2 He said, “Yes, indeed, you speak very well.”3 the girl still kept saying. “No.” In the end the American boy could not understand and didn't know 4 to say.

    What's wrong with the girl's answer? She didn't 5a compliment(恭维) in the same way as the American people do. She should answer “Thank you” instead of “No.” She 6 understood what the American boy had said, but she thought she should be modest. In the 7 people will feel 8 and confident when they are praised. So if someone says the 9 you have cooked are very delicious, you should say, “Thank you”.

    If you are modest and say. “No, I'm 10 I can't do it well”, while working in a western country, people may think that you really can not do it. If you often say, “No”, you'll certainly be looked down upon by 11 When asking 12 a job, if one says something like, “Yes, I can certainly do it” instead of “ Let me have a try”, he or she will13 get it. So in the west, you should be brave to show your self-confidence. In my opinion, being confident doesn't 14 being proud, so sometimes you should be confident15 being modest.

完形填空

B

    Watching TV is a very popular thing in the UK, but what kind of shows do people in the UK like to watch? Well, the most-watched TV shows every week are very popular dramas（戏剧）that are usually on at least four times every week. They are dramas1the life in the UK. We call these dramas “soap opera” or “soaps”.

    Every day, lots of fans are waiting 2 their favorite soap operas. Soap operas were 3on TV in 1952. The soap opera is not about a soap, and it is not an opera, either. It got this name because in the 1930s, soap companies(公司)4for the shows, and they told stories just like operas did. What makes the soap opera special is that the story never comes to an end.

    There are daytime and nighttime soaps. Daytime soaps usually have more 5 and they are usually made for the housewives who are often at home, 6 some washing and looking after the house and the children. Nighttime soaps are usually on once a week, and each lasts(持续) for about one hour. Most soap operas these days are shown in the evening. Each show7have many different storylines. Some of them happen at once and 8 may continue(继续) over the following shows. The same actor or actress may be seen in every show.

    Soap operas are in different time in today's TV market, 9 they are still here to say. Big fans will never give them up10.

阅读理解

The Flying Hat

By Shannon Blackman

    “The most sidesplitting story I've ever read. I couldn't help laughing after I finished it. Be ready to laugh your heart out.”

Willy King, Best Book winner

    “It's a story that makes you smile in your dreams. Blackman's excellent writing cheers you up.”

The Tide, London

    “One of the best-selling books of the year. More than two million copies have been sold.”

The Sunday Reader, New York

    “This book has become the talk of the country. The story is making its way into movie theaters. I can't wait to see it!”

Marian Miller, author of Ms. Lilly

根据以上书评内容，回答下列问题。

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意

    There are many places of interest in China.They1lots of visitors from all over the world every year.The most famous one among them is the Great Wall.It has a 2   of over two thousand years.It is about 6300kilometers 3.It is often called "Ten-Thousand﹣Li Great Wall"and it is one of the "Seven Wonders" of the ancient world.

    Besides the Great Wall，many rivers，such as the Yangtze River and the Yellow River are very4 as well.

    Among the rivers，the Yangtze River is the longest in China and the5   largest in the world after the Nile in Africa and the Amazon in South America.As the largest water system in China，the Yangtze River is very 6   to the country.

    Rivers and lakes are usually the birthplaces of Chinese culture.Have you heard of the7   love story about Xu Xian and White Snake？It is said that the story happened on West Lake a long time ago.West Lake is the most fantastic place that I have ever visited.It8   in the south﹣west of Hangzhou.Many tourist attractions in Hangzhou are worth9 ， such as Sudi Causeway，the Broken Bridge and Leifeng Pagoda.The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose themselves in it.

    Now more and more foreign 10 choose to travel in China for its beautiful scenery.Why not have a trip with your family in the coming winter holiday？

先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

    British people are famous for apologizing (道歉) in almost every situation.  1 we are apologizing for asking a question, for our bad weather or we sneeze before others (打喷嚏),we are probably the number-one nation for apologies.

    We pride ourselves on our polite2 in public. As a result, we use the word "sorry" quite a lot—even when we don't really 3 it! Usually, if you want to ask someone for the time, you would start by saying "Sorry to bother you. Do you know the time?" If you're five minutes late for an appointment (约会), you would generally  4 the person by saying "Sorry, I'm late!"

    We use the word "sorry" in so many different situations that the meaning of the word has slightly 5over time. The two main dictionary definitions (定义) of "sorry" are: feeling sad for someone else because of their problems or feeling regret because you've done something wrong. Usually, when you want to ask a stranger a question, you 6 with "Sorry to disturb you." In this situation, we aren't saying sorry because we feel sad for that person or because we feel regret.

    So what does "sorry" really mean? Well, in the British 7, saying "sorry" is a way to be polite, especially to people who you don't know very well. It's also a very 8way to get what you want. 9, an actor asked different people on a rainy day if he could use their mobile phones. When he asked one group of strangers without apologizing first, he was only 9 per cent successful in borrowing their phones. 10, when he apologized to another group about the bad weather before asking if he could use their mobile phones, he was 47 per cent successful. So maybe saying "sorry" is not just being polite, but it is also a good method to get what you want too!

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

    Body language is known as the "silent language" of every culture. It can be the key to 1 communication. We point a finger or move another part of the body to show what we want 2. It is important to know the body language of every country or we may 3. In the United States, people greet each other with a handshake in a formal introduction. The handshake must be firm. If the handshake is weak, it is considered 4 or unfriendly. Space is important to Americans. People in America usually stand two and a half 5 away when talking to each other, so they don't face each other 6. Americans get uncomfortable when a person stands too 7. They will move back to have their space. If an American touches another person 8, he says "Pardon me " or "Excuse me". Americans like to look the other person in the eye when they are talking. If you don't do so, it means you are bored or 9 something. But when you stare at someone for a long time, it is considered rude. Learning a culture's body language is sometimes very 10. If you don't know what to do, the safest thing to do is smile.

完形填空

    I'm Victor, from the United States. This is my first time in 1 .One day some new colleagues(同事) invited me to 2 . At first, I was quite happy and learned to use chopsticks, but later 3 started.

    That day, I had a 4. I felt uncomfortable with my nose, 5 I turned away from the table and blew my nose(擤鼻涕). My colleagues looked at me 6 . They explained to me that in Japan, people don't blow their noses in 7—especially at table.

    When I was trying to stick my 8 in my bowl of rice, one of my colleagues said, "Don't do that. Just leave them on the table." Later, I found that leaving your chopsticks in your rice 9 death in Japanese culture!

    The next time I 10 to blow my nose, I left the table and went to the toilet. 11 I returned, it was nearly time to leave. I noticed there were some small bowls 12 water in them on the table. It smelt good and I started 13 it before it got cold. Then I saw some of my colleagues cover their mouths. They were trying not to 14. "What's the matter?" I asked the colleague next to me. "It's for washing 15 fingers," he said. For a moment, I didn't know whether to laugh or cry.

完形填空

    A thousand years ago, Hong Kong was covered with a thick forest. As more and more people came to 1in Hong Kong, these trees were cut down and burnt. Now there is 2 forest left, though there are still some small areas covered with trees. We call these woods.

    Elephants, tigers and many 3 animals were living in the thick forest. When people came to live in Hong Kong, the 4 began to die out. Early farmers grew rice and 5 pigs and chickens in the valleys. They cut down the trees and burnt them. They needed 6 to keep themselves warm in winter, to cook their food and to keep away the dangerous animals. Elephants quickly disappeared because there was not enough food for them. 7 did most of the wolves and tigers. Monkeys and many other animals soon 8 in the same way.

    You might think that there are no longer any animals in Hong Kong 9 in the zoos. But there are still about 36 different kinds of animals 10 there. One of the most interesting animals in Hong Kong is the barking deer.

完形填空

    Different countries have different manners. For example, if you are a1in a Chinese house, when you have a meal, you usually do not2the food. You often leave a little to3that you have had enough. But in England, a visitor always finishes the food to show that he has4it. We must know the customs of other5, so that they will not think6bad-mannered. People all over the world7that a well-mannered person should be kind and8to others. If you9this, at least you will not go very far wrong.10likes a person with good manners, but no one likes a person with bad manners.

请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

    The 15th day of the first month of the lunar calendar (农历) in China is the Lantern Festival.

    It's an important 1 in China. Chinese people celebrate it in many ways. In the evening there are different 2 shows in parks and streets. Lanterns are often red 3 the Chinese think red stands for (代表) happiness and good luck. People 4 different lanterns out of paper and other things. Some are in the 5 of rabbits, birds and boats. Some are in the shapes of dragons and cartoon stars. There are 6 lanterns here and there. In some cities, such as Suzhou, there is 7 a big lantern show at night, and many people come to enjoy it every year.

    8 are special food for the festival. Families always get together and 9 a big meal. After that, people go out to 10. They often sing and dance happily late until midnight.

通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。

April Fool's Day

    April Fool's Day is a western festival. No one 1 exactly when and how April Fool's Day began. However, there are some stories about2 it came into being. One story3 like this: in the sixteenth­century France, the start of the new year was on April first. It was celebrated 4much the same way 5 it is today with parties and dancing into the late hours of the night.

    Then in 1562, Pope (教皇) Gregory introduced a new calendar for the Christian world, and the new year fell on January first. There were some people,6 who hadn't heard or didn't believe the 7 in the date, so they8 to celebrate New Year's Day on April first.9played tricks on them and called them "April fools". They tried to make them believe that something false was10. In France today, April first is called "April Fish". Frenchchildren fool their friends by taping a paper fish to their friends' 11. When the "young fool"12this trick, the prankster (恶作剧者) shouts "April Fish！" 

    Today Americans play small tricks on friends and strangers alike on the first of April. One13trick on April Fool's Day is 14 down to a friend's shoe and saying, "Your shoelaceis untied." School children might tell a classmate that school has been canceled (取消).15the trick is, if you fail for the joke the prankster shouts "April Fool！"

    In Britain today, on the first of April, even 16newspapers, radio and TV programs tell big lies. You17 read a science18 showing that doctors have found a way to cure (治愈) AIDS, 19you would probably listen to a piece of news about a UFO20on an island.