社会现象类 知识点题库

“Who needs a shopping mall (购物中心)if you have Taobao?”says Wang Lin,28,a writer in Beijing.
Taobao, China's largest online shopping site （网上购物网站）,has become an important part of Wang Lin's life. She spends lots of money on Taobao.
A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping .Most online shoppers are students or young workers .More women shop on line then men. Clothing and home-use products（产品）are the most popular on line.
It was reported that more than 250 billion（十亿）Yuan was spent on online shopping last year,80% through Taobao.
Taobao means “looking for treasure” in Chinese. People can find almost everything they need on Taobao, from clothes to books, from candies to DVD players.
You may question the security of online shopping ,Wang Lin said, “It's very safe and convenient ( 便利的).Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them, the shop owner will not get the money .You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.”

    More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that's why there are 1.4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today. Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost!
    Get on a bicycle and ride around your neighborhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit (受益) from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don't even have to ride all the way.
    Folding (折叠) bikes work well for people who ride the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. A folding bike can be packed in a suitcase. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.
Health Benefits of Bicycling:
It helps to prevent heart diseases.

Bicycling helps to control your weight.
A 15-minute bike ride to and from work three times a week burns off five kilos of fat in a year.
 Bicycling can improve your mood (心情).
Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident.
Bicycling is healthier than driving.

BEIJING—The sky is gray and air smells strange. It's another day of smog.
On Saturday, heavy haze（霾）still covered north and east China. Highways were closed and 1couldn’t take off on time.
The smoggy weather 2the country's land from north to south, including Beijing, Hebei, Shandong, and 6 other provinces. People could only see clearly 3than 50 meters in some areas.
Cities 4 Shanghai and Nanjing have been covered by the gray sky for the past several days. Many walkers in the street had to wear 5. In the Lukou airport in Nanjing, more than 60 flights were canceled(取消) on Saturday 6 the haze, which also made primary and middle schools and kindergartens stop7on Thursday and Friday in Nanjing.
The office worker of Environmental Protection said earlier this week that there were several 8 reasons behind the widespread haze: unpleasant weather conditions making9difficult for smog to disappear, motor vehicle exhaust（尾气）, and coal use for winter heating.
To fight pollution, the Chinese government now plans to clean up the air by cutting coal use,10 some factories, and removing 6 million old cars from the roads.
“We must face up to the facts,” said Yan Naiqiang, a professor of environmental science at Shanghai Jiao Tong University. “The treatment of smog will be a long fight. From now on, if we use buses or cars less and do more riding, we believe a clear sky is not a faraway dream.”

根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

     One of the problems career people(上班族) have in the morning is dressing for the office when there will be an evening party immediately followed, with no time to return home to change. The easiest solution is to keep a full set of toiletries(洗漱用品) and make-ups stored somewhere at the office. A woman going to an evening party should dress in one of her “basic dresses” in the morning—the kind that can change into a different look with an added scarf or jewelry. In fifteen minutes, when her office day has ended, she can metamorphose (彻底变化) herself into another person with freshly cleaned teeth, combed hair, a new face, a different and dressier(漂亮的) pair of shoes, and some sparkling jewelry. If she must wear a long dress for the party, she should bring it to the office in a protective bag and store it safely until she has to put it on.

阅读理解

    China's introduction of the two-child policy has caused worry that the change will further make the shortage of pediatricians (儿科医生) worse.

    The number of pediatricians in China dropped from 105,000 to around 100,000 within five years, according to China's public health statistical (统计的) yearbook in 2015. On average, there are only 43 doctors per 100,000 children.

    Wang Baoxi, a pediatrician with the Shaanxi branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, told Xinhua that situation was even worse in smaller cities and counties. In Weinan City, which is about 70 kilometers away from Shaanxi's capital Xi’an, they only had 17 doctors to care for 100,000 children.

    The Lingnan branch of No.3 Hospital Affiliated (附属的) with Sun Yat-sen University posted a notice telling people emergency treatment services in the pediatric department were canceled due to lack of doctors. "Since the department was finished in 2011, we have employed eight doctors. Four left in the following years,” said Shan Yutao, who works in the hospital's medical management office.

    The shortage of pediatricians has made it difficult for parents. Low salary, high pressure and high risk are the main causes behind people's reluctance (不情愿) to become pediatricians.

According to the National Health and Family Planning Commission, 90 million Chinese women are allowed to have a second child under the two-child policy, which took effect on Jan. 1, 2016.

An Haiyan, an official with the Shaanxi provincial health and family planning commission, suggested that more attention be paid to pediatric departments in hospitals, and pediatricians be given subsidy (补贴) for their work.

完形填空

    Bike-sharing is a new choice for short journeys in cities．It is good to the1development of the big cities．

    A2by a company found that shared bikes started the nation's3for bikes again．Now more and more Chinese people are4bikes instead of cars to make short journeys in cities．

    An engineer of that company says that since the5of shared bikes，people have made fewer trips by car．The love for shared bikes is not only among 6people，who were born in the 1980s and 1990s，but also among people over sixty．

    At weekends，the number of the riders in Shenzhen reaches the7of all cities．On weekdays，the number of people who use shared bikes to travel to word is8in Shanghai．

    It is said that bike﹣sharing will help9the cities'environment．It not only helps solve the traffic problems，but also will help to make more use of10in cities．Take Beijing as an example if more people choose shared bikes，an area of five Bird's Nest stadiums （体育场）will be saved．

请阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

    High-spead trains, Alipay(支付宝), shared bikes and online payment are seem as the new Four Great Achievements of China by young foreigners, according to a video surey by the Silk Road Reasearch Institute of Beijing Foreigh Studies University. In the video, young people from 20 countries along Belt and Road Routes (一带一路) were asked to name great inventations that had influenced theit lives in China. The following is what they said from 4 young people of them.

阅读理解

    Most cities and towns in China have night markets(市场). During the day, these streets are quiet. At night, they become crowded(拥挤的)and lively. Usually, people get there at three or four in the afternoon. By 6:00, the streets are like rivers of people. Night markets are fun places to shop. You can buy clothes, shoes, and many other things. If you think the price is too high, you can bargain with the seller. You can also buy nice food. When you are hungry, you can sit down for a meal. Smelly tofu is popular, but it really smells bad! The best thing is that everything in night markets is cheap!

阅读理解

    Being shy keeps many Chinese people from getting to know Westerners. You may feel nervous about making language mistakes in front of a native English speaker.

    But remember, Westerners living in Asia know how it feels when trying to communicate in a foreign language. They make many mistakes when speaking Chinese!

    So don't worry about speaking imperfect English. The most important thing is just to communicate. Start talking, and make some foreign friends!

    Many Westerners value their privacy(隐私). Don't be surprised if your new friend doesn't want to include you in everything he does. This may seem strange to Chinese who worry that their friends will feel lonely.

    Chinese people often expect their good friends to give advice to and take care of them in many ways. If you expect this kind of care from Westerners, you may be disappointed. Why? Because most Westerners value independence. They feel insulted(受侮辱的) if others think they can't  take care of themselves. They will assume(假设) you feel in the same way.

    Of course, these tips are just rules of thumb(经验之谈)and may not apply to all Westerners. Each person you meet has his or her own ideas about friendship. When you get confused, don't be shy to ask questions. Your new Western friends may also have many questions about Chinese culture , and they may be hesitant(迟疑的) to ask. So encourage them to ask questions, too.

    Be honest and open to your friends. Respect each other's differences. The friendship you develop can be lifelong treasure both for you and your new friend.

Choose the best answer.

    Traditionally, the President is the highest-paid public employee. A salary of $400. 000, along with other benefits, is paid to President annually. But President Obama's income for 2008 was far more than that, according to the White House.

    The White House recently published the tax returns(申报单)of Obama and Vice president Joe Biden. Tax returns are reports of tax that a person has to pay. They often include income information used to calculate the tax. In the US, people whose incomes are over a certain amount have to file tax returns every year. The tax returns of government officials are open to the public.

    This transparency(透明)helps to prevent corruption(腐败).

    From Obamas' tax returns, we can see that the President and first lady Michelle made about $2.66 million in 2008. Most of the money came from the sales of the President's two books Dreams From My Father and The Audacity of Hope. The two books, published in 1995 and 2006, are very popular and have been on the bestseller list for a long time.

    The Obamas' income is down from 2007, when they made $4. 2 million. However, that is still far more than former US president George Bush earned, who reported a total $ 719, 274 for his final year. The Obamas' income also greatly exceeded(超出)that of Biden, who reported a family income of $ 296, 256. That's about a tenth of what the Obamas earned. As Vice-president, Biden earns a salary of $200, 000, US families earn an average income of about $50, 000.

    The Obamas' tax returns also show that together, the President and his wife paid about $ 933. 000 in taxes. They gave $172, 050-nearly 6. 5 percent of their earnings-to different charity groups. In the US, if a person gives his money to churches and non-profit organizations, the law reduces his or her taxes. This is one reason why rich people in the US like to give money to charity.

阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。（无答案）

    Many people are superstitious(迷信的) about numbers. They think that there are lucky numbers and 1 numbers.

    The number 13 is often considered(被认为) unlucky. In 2 parts of the world, buildings don't have the 3 floor. People go from the twelfth to the fourteenth 4. Some door numbers are like that 5. In Japan, the number 4 is considered unlucky because in Japan the word "four" is pronounced the same as the word "death". The Japanese 6 give gifts of four knives, four napkins or four of anything.

    7 are lucky numbers? 7 is a lucky number in many places, and 8 is considered a lucky number both in Japan and China. In China, businesses often open 8 August 8, and many couples get married at 8:08 on August 8. Some people 9 lucky numbers very deeply. They would like to get a telephone number with "8" or "6" in it though it 10 them much more money. They think that the lucky numbers can really bring them good luck, and, at least no evidence(证据) says they can not.

通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，故答案选出一个最佳答案。

    It is not a good idea for children to work too hard. Children should study at school as 1 as they can. But they should not have to do hard work with their bodies. When 2 make their children work hard, the 3 are never good and may be very bad. For example, 4 a farmer makes his son work like an adult (成人), his son may 5 hate farming.

    Children sometimes do too 6 at gardens, in shops, or even in their own homes. They soon begin to hate such 7 with force because that can destroy (破坏) their 8. And there may be a worse loss (丢失): a child's love for his parents. The feeling may become 9 different .when that happens, the old kind of love will not 10.

阅读理解

There are always some old clothes you don't want. And there is always some food you don't eat. What can you do? Send them to the following two places.

Wall of Kindness.

You can see Wall of Kindness in many cities now, like Shanghai, Beijing, Xiamen and Qingdao. People usually hang their old clothes on the wall. Then people who need them can take the clothes away. You can also see trousers, sweaters, jackets and coats on the wall.

Share Fridge (冰箱).

China has its first Share Fridge in Shanghai. There's a lot of food in it, like cakes and cookies. The food is from some restaurants and shops. They volunteer to provide (提供) the food. People don't need to buy the food because it's free. They can take it home if they need the food.

此题要求改正所给短文中的错误。对标有题号的每一行做出判断，如无错误，在该行右边横线上面画个勾(√)，如有错误（每行只有一个错误）,则按下列情况改正：

此行多一个词：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉，在该行右边横线上写出该词，并也用斜线划掉。

此行缺一个词：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）,在该行右边横线上写出该加的。

此行错一个词：在错的词下划一横线,在该行右边横线上写出改正后的词。

注意：原行没有错误的不要改。

There are a lot of student who don't like to go
to the school. Some think it's not necessary to learn
too many knowledge because their parents will
give us everything they need. Some are not
interesting in study. In my opinion, receiving (接受)
education can help us build an bright future. So when
you have problems, you may ask your teachers,
parents and friends with help and advice. Try to find
out your interests and talents make you more
excellent. Remember, knowledge are power.

阅读理解

    Hanfu fashion has become trendy among young people.

    China has embraced Western fashion and futuristic designs in recent decades, but a growing number of young people are now looking to the past for fashion advice.

    If you look closely around your city, you might spot hanfu, the traditional clothing of the Han ethnic group. In a recently published report by online shopping platform Tmall, more than 2 million hanfu outfits were sold in 2018. The number of hanfu buyers increased by 92 percent compared to 2017. The average age of buyers was 21, with about 52 percent between 19 and 24 years old.

    But why has this traditional clothing become trendy among young Chinese people?

    For some of them, it's a costume for relaxation. Dafan, a 24-year-old college student, told CGTN that dressing in hanfu is a way for her to escape the troubles of real life. Modern clothing, on the other hand, represents the identity people need to show every day.

    "Hanfu and modern clothing help me to release the different sides in me," she explained.

    Other youngsters like hanfu because of the culture behind it. They regard it as a way to reconnect with traditions. Its wide sleeves, crossed collars and flowing robes bring people back to ancient times.

    "What's behind hanfu is inheritance of the Chinese civilization," Nanhe, a 21-year-old costume studio owner, told CGTN.

    That's probably why some fans have started to bring the traditional clothing abroad. Sohu reported on a Bilibili vlogger (哔哩哔哩网站博主) who climbed Germany's highest peak wearing hanfu this summer. She received praise from tourists.

    "Many Chinese people are taking a liking for hanfu, as it helps them establish their national identity and belonging," Zhang Yiwu, a professor of Chinese literature at Peking University, told China Daily.

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

At the age of six weeks, Lilo seemed to be a perfect family pet. But as he grew up, he became aggressive ( 富于攻击性的). One day, as his 9-year-old owner went close, Lilo jumped at her angrily. The girl's arm got hurt badly. It's unusual for a family pet to hurt its loving owner. But Lilo should never have been anyone's pet. He was actually a tiger.

There are thousands of tigers, lions and other big cats kept as pets in American homes. "People love the idea of owning something wild and special," says Nicole Paquette of the Animal Protection Institute. "But they have no idea how hard it is to take care of them."

Tigers like Lilo can grow to weigh 650 pounds. They are strong and powerful. Each year many people are hurt or killed by pet tigers and other big cats.

The situation can also be deadly for the big cats themselves. They often end up in small and dirty cages. Living in dirty conditions, the cats become sick and often more aggressive. Many of them die. Others are sold to roadside zoos or to hunting ranches (狩猎牧场).

Shirley Minshew works to help send some big cats to sanctuaries ( 鸟兽保护区). But as

Minshew says, "Most of these sanctuaries are already full." So are big city zoos.

The only way to solve the problem is for people to stop buying these animals. "Although they can be kept in cages, they will never be like a dog or a cat, "says Paquette." They are wild — and they should be allowed to stay that way."

阅读短文，按要求回答问题。

    Chinese young people use social apps (应用软件) a lot now, such as Tik Tok (抖音) and Kuaishou. Some think it is fun to share short videos about their lives. Some have other purposes.

    A 12-year-old user named Elsa has up to 2.7 million followers on Tik Tok. The girl has shared videos about her dancing studies since last July. "I feel really happy to go on sharing happiness with other people by short videos," said Elsa.

    A group of users depend on them to get information. To some other users, they have a different purpose. "I am a very impatient person. I prefer to watch short videos of wonderful parts in a concert or a TV play," said Wang Zhihao.

    However, some young Chinese feel bored with some short videos. "Many short videos are almost the same, so I think watching them is a waste of time. Also, I really don't like some videos because they show strange even dangerous things," said Wen Nan, another college student.

    Recently, something else has happened. Some videos are telling people what products are worth buying. Some users buy the products after watching them, but they should think twice. If they don't think carefully, they may get fake (假的) products and regret soon.

阅读下面短文，并用英文回答问题（请注意每小题后面的词数要求）。

When the world fought against the COVID-19, many museums took action to remember life under lockdown (封锁):" When we knew there was going to be a lockdown, we talked about what we could collect for the future, "said Beatrice Behlen. The Museum of London then began a plan which asks Londoners to give it things that could show their life during the COVD-19. I could be something about a new skill they have learned, such as cooking or making masks for medical workers.

What about people's feelings, such as sadness, fear, hope and love during the lockdowm? How could they be collected? The Museum of Home, also in London, got an idea. It was asking people to send it videos. One family had recorded how they set up a screen in front of their table so they could share a meal with other family members through the Internet.

In Sweden, the Nordiska Museet, the country's largest museum of cultural history, was collecting information about how children' daily life had changed and how they thought about the future. In Austria, photos of a birthday party in lockdown were being collected by Vienna's Wien Museum.

阅读短文，回答问题

There are a lot of impolite behaviors in public transport in the world, such as eating and drinking, lying down, playing loud music, manspreading and so on.

Manspreading is used to describe the posture of men who open their legs too wide and take up neighboring seats.

In Spain some signs are put up in the buses to try to discourage the practice. It is said that the new signs are intended to remind people to respect the space of all bus passengers.

The bus company came up with the suggestion in partnership with a women's group. They demanded online that such signs must be placed. They said, "All public transport has signs explaining that room needs to be made for pregnant women, people with babies, older people and the disabled. But there's something that affects all of us, especially every time we use public transport: manspreading."

Manspreading is also common on the underground. To stop people using the posture that makes others uncomfortable, three years ago, the New York subway began to work out the problem with a set of activities called "Stop the spread please. It's a space problem."

In an effort to further clean up the underground, and to make the journey more comfortable for pregnant ladies and those with children, women-only carriages have been introduced to some Chinese cities' underground during rush hours. They tried to provide the service for the public, with each train having one "ladies-first" car. Male passengers are encouraged to avoid the cars during morning and evening rush hours.

"We hope that every passenger can enjoy a happy and comfortable journey. Travel will be happier, if we treat others with good manners," a leader of an underground company said.

完形填空。

Teenagers will be able to make some money if they have one or two part-time job. The1are good for teenagers. However, in America there are more children volunteering than2part-time jobs. The things are the same in China. Many teenagers do something for the charities(慈善）。

According to a recent3, in America, 56% of teenagers volunteer while only 39% 4part-time jobs to make money. Parents also say that 82% of teenagers do something to help others in their 5. In China, many college students went to 6mountain villages to work as teachers. Yang Lei was one of them. The Peking University graduate first 7there as a volunteer on a one-year program. Life in the mountains was a very new 8for Yang Lei. At first the thin air there made her 9. Yang Lei said, “I can open up(开阔）my students' eyes and 10them a new start in life. ”