日常生活类 知识点

       阅读理解:给一篇文章,根据文章内容选出正确答案。要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。
       考生应能:(1)理解主旨要义;(2)理解文中具体信息;(3)根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义;(4)做出判断和推理;(5)理解文章的基本结构;(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。
      日常生活类阅读是指以涉及涉及人们日常生活方方面面的文章为基础,设计的阅读理解题,旨在提高学生阅读能力的同时,激发学生热爱生活的热情。

日常生活类 知识点题库

阅读理解

    When people reunite with their loved ones, it's usually all extremely happy moment. But what is their most common response to seeing them again? It may seem strange,but most of the time they break down in tears.

    Now a group of psychologists from Yale University say they have found the reason why, and that crying tears of joy may well be the body's way of keeping emotional balance. “They seem to take place when people are overtaken by strong positive emotions, and people who do this seem to recover better from those strong emotions,” Oriana Aragon, the lead researcher said.

    Aragon and her fellow psychologists looked at hundreds of participants' emotional responses to different things, including happy reunions and cute babies. Many participants said they would react in a negative or aggressive way to the positive things —— to cry at happy moments and want to pinch(捏)a cute baby's face or even tell them “I want to eat you up!” But then researchers found that these people were able to calm down from strong emotions more quickly.

    There are many other examples of times when people respond to a positive experience with a negative emotional reaction. At an exciting concert, fans scream at their idols(偶像). People who have just had a big lottery win are often in floods of tears. “These findings advance our understanding of how people express and control their emotions, which is importantly related to mental and physical health, the quality of relationships with others, and even how well people work together.” said Aragon.

  1. (1) What have professors from Yale University found in their research?

    A . The reason why people cry with tears. B . Crying tears of joy helps to balance emotions. C . Strong negative feelings are useful to people. D . People recover slowly from strong emotions.
  2. (2) Which of the following agrees with the findings of the research?

    A . Crying at good news. B . Crying at a failure. C . Kissing a cute baby. D . Laughing at happy reunions.
  3. (3) Where does the passage most likely come from?

    A . A science fiction novel. B . A psychological science journal. C . A popular biology book. D . An adolescent literature book.
阅读理解

    Persuasion is the art of convincing someone to agree with you. According to the ancient Greeks, there are three basic tools of persuasion : ethos, pathos, and logos.

    Ethos is a speaker's way of convincing the audience that she is trustworthy, honest and reliable. One common way a speaker can develop ethos is by explaining how much experience or education she has in the field. After all, you're more likely to listen to advise about how to take care of your teeth from a dentist than a fireman. A speaker can also create ethos by convincing the audience that she is a good person. If an audience cannot trust you, you will not be able to persuade them.

    Pathos is a speaker's way of connecting with an audience's emotions. For example, a politician who is trying to convince an audience to vote for him might say that he alone can save the country from a terrible war. These words are intended to fill the audience with fear, thus making them support him. Similarly, an animal charity might show an audience pictures of injured dogs and cats, to make the viewers feel pity. If the audience feels bad for the animals, they will be more likely to donate money.

    Logos is the use of facts, statistics, or other evidence to support your argument. An audience will be more likely to believe you if you have convincing data to back up your claims. Presenting this evidence is much more persuasive than simply saying “believe me”.

    Although ethos, pathos, and logos all have their strengths, they are often most effective when used together. Indeed, most speakers use a combination of ethos, pathos, and logos to persuade their audiences. So, the next time you listen to a speech, watch a commercial, or listen to a friend try to convince you to lend him some money, be on the lookout for these ancient Greek tools of persuasion.

  1. (1) Why does the author say persuasion is an art?

    A . They both entertain the audience. B . They both require great skill to achieve. C . They both demand full attention from the audience. D . They were both common topics of ancient Greek writers.
  2. (2) How is a speaker able to show her ethos to the audience?

    A . By expressing her sympathy with the audience. B . By telling the audience about her personal preference. C . By using beautiful language to make her statements attractive. D . By showing her knowledge and experience relating to the topic.
  3. (3) What can we learn about the three aspects of persuasion?

    A . Ethos is the most important aspect of persuasion. B . Each aspect has a different effect on the audience. C . Honesty is the key to making your arguments believable. D . Political leaders mostly use pathos to persuade their audience.
  4. (4) An advertisement for washing powder which claims that M scientific tests show that our powder kills 95% of all bacteria” is mainly using _________.

    A . ethos B . pathos C . logos D . a combination of all three
根据短文理解,选择正确答案。

    Hey, ladies! It's summer again and it's time for a new you! No more make-up, no more pretending! Yes, that's right! It's time to stop making ourselves beautiful for the camera, and start posting confident pictures without all the make-up and extra tricks we add onto ourselves in the hope of appearing more attractive and beautiful. Because believe it or not, we already are!

    After we wash our face and go to bed, it is not so perfect. You know it the face we should confidently be showing to the world! Who cares if you have pimples(面痕)or your eyes look small, or if you have crow's feet? Guess what? Those are actually what make you such a beautifully grown woman. And any person who doesn't think so is just not as strong as you.

    Nowadays we tend to do anything and everything to make us look as young and perfect as possible. Yet the truth is, by doing this, we are actually making our true skin get worse and badly affected by all the junk we put on. We are making ourselves believe that by changing our appearance we will be more accepted and seem more attractive to other people. And yet, our final goal is to find that without all of the make-up. What kind of twisted(扭曲的)game are we really playing with ourselves?

    So I would like to make a suggestion for all women out there to give yourself a break at least this summer. Take a couple of pictures without all of that make-up on. You don't need it every single day, especially not this hot summer! You'll be surprised that the more confident you are about showing the real side of you, the more attractive you will be to everyone else.

    Yes, the saying, “Beauty comes from within” is an old one, definitely still holds some truth today. So be brave, carefree, and make-up free! Let the world see you for who you really are!

  1. (1) The author thinks that ladies should show others _______.

    A . their crow's feet B . their beautiful pictures C . their real face with confidence D . their attractive appearance
  2. (2) What does the author think of adding make-up to our face?

    A . It makes perfect images. B . It's really meaningless. C . It makes true images go outdated D . It's hard to achieve what we wish.
  3. (3) What is the author's purpose of quoting the old saying?

    A . To declare it's what one really is that matters. B . To show the importance of adding make-up C . To give us some examples of adding make-up. D . To tell us not to neglect those old sayings.
  4. (4) What is the topic of this text?

    A . Spending more time being with families and friends. B . Not putting on any make-up on our face this summer. C . Paying enough attention to ourselves in this summer. D . Showing the beautiful side of ourselves to others.
根据短文内容,选择最佳答案。

    What will people die of 100 years from now? If you think that is a simple question,you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in bio-­technology(生物技术). With the help of new medicine,the human body will last a very long time. Death will come mainly from accidents,murder and war. Today's leading killers,such as heart disease,cancer,and aging itself,will become distant memories.

    In discussion of technological changes,the Internet gets most of the attention these days. But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times. How long can humans live? Human brains were known to decide the final death. Cells(细胞) are the basic units of all living things,and until recently,scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells,such as those of brain cells,would not last forever. But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine. Sometime between 2050 and 2100,medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so,people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs(器官). The medicine,made up of the basic building materials of life,will build new brain cells,heart cells,and so on-in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones.

    It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence,but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future.

  1. (1) According to the passage,human death is now mainly caused by ________.
    A . diseases and aging B . accidents and war C . accidents and aging D . heart disease and war
  2. (2) In the author's opinion,today's most important advance in technology lies in(在于) ________.
    A . the Internet B . medicine C . brain cells D . human organs
  3. (3) Humans may live longer in the future because ________.
    A . heart disease will be far away from us B . human brains can decide the final death C . the basic materials of cells will last forever D . human organs can be repaired by new medicine
  4. (4) How long can humans live in the future according to the passage?
    A . Over 100 years. B . More than 120 years. C . About 150 years. D . The passage doesn't tell us.
阅读理解

    Do you like shopping? Or does the thought of wandering round the shops fill you with terror? For some of us, shopping is an enjoyable way of spending our spare time and our money. For me, it's something I would rather avoid. Thank goodness for the Internet! It's more convenient to buy CDs, electrical items, and even food from the comfort of your sofa. But that's not the only reason: price is an important factor. We can buy goods and services cheaper online. But sometimes the problem is knowing what to buy. This has led to a type of shopping called “showrooming”.

    Showrooming is something I've done. I will go to a shop to see, touch and try out products but then go home and buy them online at a knock-down price. I'm not alone in doing this. Research by a company called Foolproof found 24% of the people showroomed at Christmas in 2013.

    Amy Cashman, Head of Technology at TNS UK, says the reasons for this new shopping habit are that people are lacking time, lacking money and they want security about the products they are buying. She explains that consumers are not only shopping online at home but they are using the Internet in store or on their smart phones to shop around.

    But does this mean technology will kill shops? Certainly shops will change. They will have to offer more competitive prices or encourage people to buy more by giving in-store discounts or free gifts.

    We mustn't forget that buying in a shop means you can get expert advice from the sales assistant and you can get good aftercare. It's good to speak to a real human rather than look at a faceless computer screen, but at least by showrooming, you get the best of both worlds.

  1. (1) The two questions in Paragraph 1 are raised to ________.
    A . introduce the topic B . give two examples C . compare different opinions D . get answers from readers
  2. (2) What does showrooming mean in the text?
    A . Trying in shops and buying online. B . Showing products in a room. C . Buying something in a store. D . Shopping on the Internet.
  3. (3) According to Amy Cashman, which is NOT the reason for showrooming?
    A . The lack of time. B . The comfort of the sofa. C . The lack of money. D . The security of the product.
  4. (4) What can be inferred from Paragraph 4?
    A . Online shops will disappear. B . Free gifts will surely promote sales. C . Shops need necessary changes. D . Shops will be replaced by online shops.
阅读理解

    Donald Trump has been known to do it in the middle of the night. Kim Kardashian has done it more than 22,000 times. Many people don't understand why you would want to do it at all.

    We're talking about tweeting and, unlike posting your entire life on Facebook, this social media activity demands a particular set of skills.

    Why use Twitter? It's a way to have a one-on-one virtual connection with your heroes and anybody who interests you. Likewise, you can share your life and views with an almost limitless number of people. And it all has to be done within the limit of 140 characters of text – plus photos, videos and links – which really helps you focus your mind.

    Katy Perry has the most Twitter followers, with 95.6 million of the micro-blogging site's 317 million monthly active users. Justin Bieber isn't far behind with 91.5 million, followed by Barack Obama and Taylor Swift with around 83 million each. The heaviest hitters of Twitter are pop stars, heroes of sport and other celebrities. But you don't need to be famous to create a buzz with the right tweets at the right time.

    In fact, Katy Perry is a great example of how to do it well. She has a bubbly tweeting style that mashes up chat about her tours and her music, insights into her emotional roller coaster over the US election, and playful descriptions about her daily life. "Done with my Christmas shopping", she tweeted, and posted a link to her Instagram page that featured crazy gadgets like a "pet emergency jacket" and a "chocolate donut camera".

    To get started on Twitter, pick a simple, memorable user name like @KatyPerry, post a short profile and choose a photo. Some tips: post your own photo (not a photo of your dog, it's not Facebook) and don't be an "egg person" – referring to the absent egg-shaped image when a user hasn't posted their own picture. In that case, Twitter won't get you any followers or respect.

    Then, it's time to start tweeting by sending your updates ("what's happening?") and following people. Building up an army of followers can take time. Generally, the more people you follow and the more you tweet, the more followers you'll get. To become a Twitter star, you need to carve out a reputation for posting original, eye-catching tweets on trending topics – and maximise your visibility by mastering the use of hashtags.

    Twitter Analytics will show you how your tweets are performing and who is following you – right down to their age category, country, income bracket, gender and interests. If your popularity is flagging and your Twitter ego is keeping you awake at night, you can turn to the business of buying thousands of "followers" from online sites. But do be ware – there may be a lot of fake profiles in there and, at the end of the day, it'll feel like paying a crowd of people you don't know to come to your birthday party.

    Happy tweeting!

  1. (1) Twitter is social media activity to _______.
    A . share your life and opinion with others B . post your entire life on it C . make photos and videos D . follow your heroes
  2. (2) _______ have the most twitter followers.
    A . Heroes of sport B . Most common people C . Active users D . Katy Perry
  3. (3) Paragraph 5 to Paragraph 7 show _______.
    A . the advantage of twitter B . the reason to use twitter C . the skills to use twitter D . the user of twitter
  4. (4) You can find this article in the part of _______.
    A . Education B . Lifestyle C . Health D . News
阅读理解

    “The first and best of victories for a man is to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful,” says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.

    A single angry word has lost many friends. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. “Whoever the gods would destroy they first make them mad.” “Keep cool,” says Webster, “anger is not argument.” “Be calm in arguing,” says George Herbert, “for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.”

    To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. “Anger,” says Pythagoras, “begins with foolishness and ends with regret.” You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.

    Self-control is man's last and greatest victory.

    If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking too.

  1. (1) What's the main idea of the passage?
    A . Self- control is important for a man. B . We should learn to be strong. C . A man who keeps cool won't lose any game. D . The great heroes in history knew how to control themselves.
  2. (2) What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 mean?
    A . If you are mad, the gods will kill you. B . If you lose your temper first, gods will kill you first. C . If you can't control yourself, you will be crazy. D . If the gods want to kill you, they will make you mad first.
  3. (3) Which of the following is NOT true according to passage?
    A . The first and best of victories for a man is to conquer himself. B . You will make a small mistake serious if you don't keep cool. C . You must measure a man's strength by the power of the feelings which conquer him. D . Anger begins with foolishness and ends with regret.
  4. (4) Which of the following can't help you avoid anger according to the passage?
    A . Being calm in arguing. B . Trying to make the other angry first. C . Keeping your mouth shut. D . Checking your temper or anger by speaking low.
阅读理解

    Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk, laugh, and do things with. Surely, there are times when we need to be alone. We don't always want people around. But we will feel lonely if we never have a friend.

    Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very sad. We miss them very much. But we can call them and write to them. It could be that we would even see them again. And we can make new friends. It is surprising to find out how much we like new people when we get to know them.

    No two people are the same. Sometimes friends don't get along well. That doesn't mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make up (和解) and go on being friends.

    Families sometimes name their children after a close friend. Many places are named after men and women who have been friendly to people in a town. Some libraries are named this way. So are some schools. We think of these people when we go to these places.

    There's more good news for people who have friends. They live longer than people who don't. Why? It could be that they are happier. Being happy helps you stay well. Or it could be just knowing that someone cares about you. If someone is concerned about you, you will feel good.

  1. (1) Which of the following places people name after their friendly people is NOT mentioned in the passage?
    A . A town B . A room C . A school D . A library
  2. (2) Why do people who have friends live longer?
    A . They feel happier and healthier B . They know more about friendship C . They take less care of themselves D . They care more about their friends
  3. (3) The passage mainly talks about_____.
    A . how to make friends B . how to care about friends C . the role that friends play in life D . differences between friends 
  4. (4) From the passage, we can learn ______.
    A . new friends make us forget our old friends B . sometimes friends also make us feel lonely C . whatever happens, friends always get along well D . one child is probably named after his \ her parents' close friend
阅读理解

    You know eating fruit and vegetables is helpful. But did you know it can also make you look good?

    People who increased their intake over just six weeks developed a healthy glow and appeared more attractive, researchers found.

    Scientists at St Andrews University found eating them subtly increased yellow and red pigments in the volunteers' skin.

    They monitored the food intake of 35 people and took pictures of their faces, arms and hands using a sensitive camera at the start, and after three and six weeks.

    Increasing their intake of greens by 2.9 portions a day was found to make the person look healthier and an extra 3.3 portion could enhance their attractiveness, when their photographs were rated by others.

    Fruit and vegetables are rich in carotenoids(类胡萝卜素), which are known to protect against cell damage from pollution and UV rays, and can also prevent age-related diseases including heart disease and cancer.

    But while it was known eating extreme amounts of certain vegetables such as carrots could turn skin orange, it was not known a small increase was perceptible to others and was seen as appealing.

    A camera measured changes to the skin's redness, yellowness and lightness, and found it significantly changed in people who naturally increased their intake. These changes were not evident at three weeks.

    Using light sensors, the researchers showed these red and yellow hues(色调,色相) were linked with the levels of carotenoids in their skin.

    There are hundreds of carotenoids but those thought to have the most dramatic effect are lycopene(番茄红素)which gives tomatoes and red peppers their red color - and beta-carotene found in carrots as well as broccoli, squash, and spinach.

    Skin color is also affected by chemicals called polyphenols(多酚), found in apples, blueberries and cherries, which cause blood rush to the skin surface.

  1. (1) From Paragraph 4, we learn that pictures were taken ______.
    A . three times using a special camera every three weeks B . twice using a sensitive camera every six weeks C . by 35 people when they ate fruit and vegetables D . by 35 people while being monitored to compare the changes
  2. (2) The word "appealing" (Paragraph 7) can best be replaced by ______.
    A . frightening B . harmful C . dangerous D . attractive
  3. (3) The red and yellow colors were related to _______ in their skin.
    A . the contents of intake B . the levels of carrots C . the time of eating fruit and vegetables D . the amount of carotenoids
  4. (4) Among hundreds of carotenoids, which are most effective? ________
    A . tomatoes and red peppers B . squash, and spinach C . lycopene and beta-carotene D . heir red colour and beta-carotene
  5. (5) The purpose of the article is to _______.
    A . tell people a new discovery B . advise people to eat more fruit and vegetables C . introduce a way to protect skin D . list the functions of carotenoids to skin
阅读理解

    There are a growing number of pet owners who feed their pets on raw foods, which means "uncooked" meat and bones. William Burk, a pet food specialist from the Food and Drug Administration(FDA), believes that feeding raw meat to pets is against its goal of protecting the public from health dangers, and that raw meat and bones do not have all the required nutrition that a pet needs every day.

    Recognizing how popular these foods are, the FDA has provided guidelines for producers of pet foods which contain uncooked meat for dogs, cats and other pets. The guidelines give rules to protect pet owners and pets from dangers about food safety and lack of nutrition.

    Pet owners who feed raw meat and bones to their pets should deal with these products very carefully to protect themselves against possible dangers, says Burk. Just as when you are preparing foods for human beings, use hot water and soap to wash your hands, containers, and surfaces that come into contact with the food. Don't put your hands near your mouth until you have washed them, and don't allow your pet to touch your face right after it has eaten raw meat.

    "If pet owners choose to feed bones to their pets, they should watch their pets carefully when they are eating bones," Burk says, "If a pet eats a big piece of bone that won't pass through its digestive system(消化系统), it is likely to kill the pet."

  1. (1) What does William Burk think of feeding pets on raw meat?

    A . It'll make the pet owners sick. B . It'll keep the pets' wild nature. C . It's against the policy of the FDA. D . It's dangerous and lack of nutrition.
  2. (2) The FDA has provided guidelines for producers of pet foods with raw meat because ________.

    A . pet safety is a serious problem B . most pets lack nutrition C . feeding pets on raw foods is popular D . the quality of pet foods is dropping
  3. (3) Those who feed pets on raw foods should do some necessary cleaning when ________.

    A . preparing raw meat for pets B . touching the food containers C . taking their pets out for a walk D . preparing foods for human beings
  4. (4) What suggestion is given to pet owners in the last paragraph?

    A . Pets should be forbidden to eat raw bones. B . Pets should be kept away from the raw meat. C . Pets should be checked on their digestive system. D . Pets should be watched carefully while eating bones.
阅读理解

    Recently, many e-commerce platforms, including Didi Taxi, Ctrip, Fliggy, JD ad Taobao, have been uncovered that they are cheating their frequent customers. Their ways are pretty clever. When there are new users or conservative old users, they will give a quite appealing price to attract them into registering and buying goods. However, their big data is not that friendly to the stable users and frequent visitors. The system always offers them higher price for the same products or service. How does this happen? According to the data analysis, the system knows clearly that although they feel the price is high, they will finally pay the bill. By collecting and analyzing users' profiles, buying habits and other information, big data recommends the same products to different users with different prices.

Companies also try other ways to make money, making online consumption far more worrying. For example, video websites always offer 120 seconds' advertisements, which drives people crazy. And even if you pay for the membership to get rid of the ads, you have to “enjoy” 15-second “private” ads. By broadcasting them, companies make huge profits — second to the membership fees. Also, owning 100Mbps network, you still put up with the slow speed when you are downloading a song. You have no choice but to become a VIP when you seek high quality services. Users seem to be lambs(羊羔) among wolves. Even though they say,” Since you have money, I'll charge you more”, we can't do anything about it.

    It pains us that we haven't figured out a way to deal with the problem. The only thing we can do is replacing our iPhones with Android phones if we want to buy a membership card, and applying for new accounts if we want cheaper hotels. Not finding a way to fight back, we can't do anything but accept them passively.

  1. (1) How does big data serve companies according to the text?
    A . By being kind to all users. B . By giving a discount to stable users. C . By attracting new users by analyzing their shopping habits. D . By recommending the same products with higher prices to regular users.
  2. (2) What do we know from the third paragraph?
    A . Membership can rid you of all the ads. B . Only by being a VIP can you get a better service. C . The slow download speed is due to your poor network. D . Advertising income is the biggest income for video websites.
  3. (3) What is the author' attitude towards the chances of finding a way to fight back?
    A . Uncertain. B . Casual. C . Negative. D . Positive.
  4. (4) What is the main idea of the text?
    A . The big data provides helpful information to users. B . We have to accept online consumption as it is. C . There exist many online consumption traps. D . Regular customers are richer.
阅读理解

    Play time is in short supply for young children these days and the lifelong consequences for developing children can be more serious than many people realize.

    An article in the most recent issue of the American Journal of Play details not only how much children's play time has declined, but how this lack of play affects emotional development, leading to the rise of anxiety, depression, and problems of attention and self control. “Since about 1955, children's free play has been continually declining, at least partly because adults have applied ever-increasing control over children's activities.” says the author Peter Gray, Ph. D, Professor of Psychology at Boston College.

    We can describe the unstructured freely-chosen play as a testing ground for life. It provides critical life experiences without which young children cannot develop into confident and competent adults. So kids need more of it, not less. Because play is how young children learn important social and emotional skills such as sharing, cooperating, communicating, and empathizing. It helps them develop fit bodies, strong minds, and brave hearts, so they can take on new challenges and risky situations.

    Gray's article is meant to serve as a wake-up call regarding the effects of lost play. We must know that lack of childhood free play time is a huge loss that must be paid attention to for the sake of our children and society. But parents who keep a lookout over and disturb their children's play are a big part of the problem. It is hard to find groups of children outdoors at all, and, if you do find them, they are likely to be wearing school uniforms and following the directions of coaches while their parents dutifully watch and cheer.

    Actually, when children are in charge of their own play, it provides a foundation for their future mental health as older children and adults. Play gives children a chance to find and develop a connection to their own self-identified and self-guided interest. It is through play that children first learn to make decisions, solve problems, improve self-control, and follow rules. Play helps children make friends and learn to get along with each other as equals. Most importantly, play is a source of happiness.

When parents realize the major role that free play can take in the development of emotionally healthy children and adults, they may wish to reassess the priorities ruling their children's lives. The needs for childcare, academic and athletic success and children's safety is important. But perhaps parents can begin to identify small changes——such as openings in the schedule, backing off from quite so many supervised (有监督的) activities, and possibly slightly less keeping watch on the playground that would start the slow returning to the direction of free, imaginative-directed play.

  1. (1) What do we know from the first two paragraphs?
    A . The rise of children's anxiety is more serious than people realize. B . Lack of play time leads to kids' unhealthy emotional development. C . More young children are suffering from depression due to free play. D . Playing too much leads to problems of kids' attention and self control.
  2. (2) According to Peter Gray, unstructured freely-chosen play _______ .
    A . is full of challenges and risky situations B . should be balanced with adult-directed activities C . does harm to children's confidence and competence D . has good effect on children's social and emotional skills
  3. (3) The article is intended for ____________.
    A . parents B . teachers C . coaches D . children
  4. (4) Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
    A . Do Children Need More Self-guided Play? B . Are Children Interested in Guided Play? C . Can Children Guide Themselves? D . Are Children's Problems Serious?
阅读理解

    People say money doesn't buy happiness, but how much money you make can affect the way you experience it?

    While it's true that money can't buy happiness, having money has certain benefits. For example, money can buy you time to do things that make you happier, and giving away some of your money can make you happier as well. Now scientists from the University of California at Irvine have found that how much money you make may impact (影响) how you experience happiness; higher earners are more likely to experience positive emotions focused on themselves, while lower earners are more likely to experience positive emotions focused on connecting with other people.

    Scientists used data from an existing survey of 1,519 U.S. adults between the ages of 24 to 93, to be representative of the entire U.S. population. From the survey, scientist collected the household income of each person and analyzed how each person experienced the seven emotions that are believed to cause happiness: amusement, admiration, compassion, satisfaction, enthusiasm, love, and pride.

    What they found was that higher earners were associated with the happiness-related emotions of satisfaction, pride, and amusement, all of which are self-focused in nature. Lower earners were associated with more other-oriented (他人指向) happiness-related emotions: compassion, love, and admiration. There were no differences observed with enthusiasm.

    As to reasons for the difference, the researchers suppose that while pride and satisfaction may reflect upper class individuals' (个人) desire for independence, increased love and compassion may help lower class individuals form more harmonious (和谐的), interdependent bonds to help deal with their more threatening environments. In other words, the researchers are not saying that one way of getting happiness is better than another, but rather that the way one obtains happiness may be a product of existing and coping within one's particular circumstances.

  1. (1) What do higher earners prefer to do?
    A . Long to connect with others. B . Spend more money on the poor. C . Buy things to make them happier. D . Pay more attention to themselves.
  2. (2) Why did the scientists study the seven emotions?
    A . They can make people happy. B . They can be bought with money. C . They are the most common feelings.  D . They are the results of and existing survey.
  3. (3) Which emotions did lower-income people have based on the study?
    A . Pride and satisfaction. B . Enthusiasm and amusement. C . Admiration and compassion. D . Compassion and satisfaction.
  4. (4) What can be inferred from people with different incomes according to his passage?
    A . They all live a hard life. B . They have different ways to get happiness. C . They are all satisfied with their lives. D . Their happiness has nothing to do with money.
阅读理解

    Have you ever wished you could grow fresh fruit in your garden but worry about there not being enough space, or it won't look pretty, or it's too difficult?

    What if I was to tell you that even a beginner can successfully grow a wide variety of fruit from apples and pears to cherries, blueberries and raspberries, and possibly even figs or nectarines?

    The first thing you need to know: the sweeter the fruit, the more sun it will require. If you have a sunny wall it's an ideal place to train a sun-loving fruit tree like a peach or an apricot. Plant the tree at the base of the wall but not too close (about 30cm is about right) in soil enriched with fertilizer (肥料). As it grows, splay (整枝) the branches evenly and attach them to the wall. As the plant grows gradually cut out old untidy branches and tie in new healthy branches. The idea of splaying or “fanning” is that as much sun as possible gets to the fruit, so it can ripen beautifully and maximize your crop.

    Choose a variety that won't grow too large. In slightly shadier spots you can grow gooseberries or raspberries. Most of these come in compact (紧凑的) varieties and can also be fan-trained against a wall if space is an issue.

    I have a tiny orchard (果园) of space-saving apple, pear and plum trees bought as single vertical stems (茎) which I grow in pots. They grow to a maximum of 2m high and no wider than 45cm. My children love them! Simply cut back the side stems to about 10cm at this time of year and you're good to go. Just remember that pot-grown plants rely totally on you for their food and water.

    As a gardener I was quite late to fruit-growing, but I realized quickly that it becomes an addictive hobby. And as a complete bonus I've noticed a definite increase in my bee population over the past few years. There's free food, and it's good for the environment too. What could be better?

  1. (1) How does the author attract readers' attention to the topic?
    A . By making comparisons. B . By raising some questions. C . By listing some general rules. D . By telling interesting stories.
  2. (2) What should you do to make your peach tree bear sweet fruit?
    A . Do the splaying regularly. B . Use fertilizer frequently. C . Choose some compact varieties. D . Plant the tree far from your wall.
  3. (3) What do we know about gooseberries and raspberries?
    A . They are sun-lovers. B . They are space savers. C . They can grow very large. D . They may die from splaying.
  4. (4) How are pot-grown fruit trees different from field-grown ones?
    A . They bear more fruits. B . They are more dependent. C . They need more water and food. D . They are more popular with kids.
阅读理解

    Yesterday I cleared up my house and I mean really cleared up my house. The room that gave the most results was my husband's "office". There I found: one right-footed shoe, size 10 (he lost the other one somewhere), a set of Star Wars videos and two small china cats someone gave me last birthday. I collected these "finds" and took them downstairs and logged (登录)on to eBay: the answer to all our rubbish.

    What is eBay? It aims to provide a global trading platform where almost anyone can trade almost anything. The idea came from Pierre Omidyar. Born in Paris, Omidyar moved to Washington when he was still a child. At High School he became very interested in computer programming and after graduating from Tufts University in 1988, he worked for the next few years as a computer engineer. In his free time he started eBay as a kind of hobby, originally offering the service free by word of mouth. By 1996 there was so much traffic on the site that he had to upgrade and he began collecting fees. Joined by a friend, Peter Skoll and in 1998 by his dynamic CEO, Meg Whitman, he has never looked back. Even in the great dot-com crashes of the late 1990s eBay went from strength to strength. It is now one of the ten most visited online shopping sites on the Internet.

    If you think about it, it's a perfect Internet idea. All you have to do is take an e-photo, write a description, fill out a sales form and you're in business; the world is your market place.

    Some of the more bizarre goods up for offer have been a piece of French bread, partially eaten by Justin Timberlake, advertising space on a man's head, and a pair of used false teeth.

    One week later I am proud of having a clean and tidy home and € 110 in cash. Someone even bought the shoe.

  1. (1) Why did the author log on to eBay?
    A . To sell some useless things. B . To buy shoes for her husband. C . To exchange things with other users. D . To search for things used at the office.
  2. (2) What can we infer from Paragraph 2 about eBay?
    A . It aims to provide free service. B . It was the idea of a high school boy. C . It has become more and more successful. D . It faced a difficult situation in the late 1980s.
  3. (3) The underlined word "bizarre" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____.
    A . popular B . unusual C . valuable D . unacceptable
  4. (4) What does the author think of eBay?
    A . She is satisfied with it. B . She is worried about it. C . She shows no interest in it. D . She thinks it wastes a lot of money.
阅读理解

    Steven Stein likes to follow garbage trucks. His strange habit makes sense when you consider that he's an environmental scientist who studies how to reduce litter, including things that fall off garbage trucks as they drive down the road. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending an industry behind the plastic shopping bags.

    Americans use more than 100 billion thin film plastic bags every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways that a growing number of cities do not allow them at checkouts(收银台) . The bags are prohibited in some 90 cities in California, including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds, plastic-bag makers are hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their products are not as bad for the planet as most people assume.

    Among the bag makers' argument: many cities with bans still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags, which are easily recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And while plastic bags may be ugly to look at, they represent a small percentage of all garbage on the ground today

    The industry has also taken aim at the product that has appeared as its replacement: reusable shopping bags. The stronger a reusable bag is, the longer its life and the more plastic-bag use it cancels out. However, longer-lasting reusable bags often require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag must be used at least 131 times to be better for the planet than plastic.

    Environmentalists don't dispute(质疑) these points. They hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers to use the same reusable bags for years.

  1. (1) What has Steven Stein been hired to do?
    A . Help increase grocery sales. B . Recycle the waste material. C . Stop things falling off trucks. D . Argue for the use of plastic bags.
  2. (2) What does the word "headwinds" in paragraph 2 refer to?
    A . Bans on plastic bags. B . Effects of city development. C . Headaches caused by garbage. D . Plastic bags hung in trees.
  3. (3) What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic-bag makers?
    A . They are quite expensive. B . Replacing them can be difficult. C . They are less strong than plastic bags. D . Producing them requires more energy.
  4. (4) What is the best title for the text?
    A . Plastic, Paper or Neither B . Industry, Pollution and Environment C . Recycle or Throw Away D . Garbage Collection and Waste Control
阅读理解

    If you feel at present that you don't have enough friends in your life, one reason may be that you have let yourself become too busy to make time for the relationships you already have. Starting and keeping friendship requires effort and commitment.

    Many of us let our lives become so busy with work and other responsibilities that we don't get around to scheduling time for pleasure and renewal(叙旧)with the friends, relatives and acquaintances we already have.

    Making the effort to call your friends more regularly and to accept more of their invitations you receive from others can improve your social life in a hurry!

    Are there any people you could call right now and be sure to receive a pleasant welcome? Are there people that you could count onto help you in time of difficulty? Can you have close talks with them? Do you have fun when you are together? Are you happy to have them in your life?

    If you haven't seen much of them lately, is it because you have become too busy? Have you grown apart? Was there an argument?

    If the main reason you haven't been getting together with the people you already know is that you have got too busy, take a good look at how you spend your time. Compare it with your real values and priorities(优先考虑的事)in life. Is your busy lifestyle really bringing you the quality of life that you want?

    If you have become too busy for friends, why has this happened? Are you seeking material toys in your life at the expense of relationships with other human beings? Have you allowed your time to be over spent because you never say “No” to anyone? Do you insist on doing things yourself that could be appointed to others? If so, why? Do you believe that everything depends on you?

    Examine whether the way you are now spending your time accurately reflects your deepest values and priorities. Make sure that you schedule adequate time for the things that are truly most important to you.

    If you really want to keep friends in your life, make a space in your schedule, and a space in your heart for them.

  1. (1) In this passage the author mainly discusses _____.
    A . how to balance friendship and work B . how to spend our spare time C . whether we should keep friendship D . whether we should invite friends to dinner regularly
  2. (2) Which of the following doesn't mean a good relationship?
    A . You have someone to count on when you are in trouble. B . You have someone to have close talks with. C . You have fun when you are with someone. D . You feel depressed with others in life.
  3. (3) The reason why you have become too busy for friends may be the following EXCEPT that_____.
    A . you spend too much time seeking material toys in your life B . you feel it difficult to keep friendship C . you stick to doing everything all by yourself D . you never refuse whatever other people ask you to do
  4. (4) Which would be the best title for the text?
    A . Too busy for Friendship? B . Too busy with work? C . How to Spend Your Time? D . How to Make New Friends?
阅读理解

    Washing habits have changed over the years. In the 16th century, most people had a bath once a month…if they were lucky. Up until the 1950s, it was once a week. Only just recently has the concept of daily showering become popular. But now, according to the New York Times, things are changing again.

    The latest trend is known as "soap-dodging". It basically consists of washing less, having fewer showers and using less soap. "I just wash my hair once a month now," said Brett Dawson, a 32-year-old management consultant. "I have just one bath a week," said Miriam Bayliss, a 28-year-old accountant.

    And it appears to be growing in popularity. A poll last year for tissue manufacturer SCA found that 41% of British men and 33% of women don't shower every day. And 12% of people have a proper wash just once or twice a week. Further research by Mintel found that more than half of British teenagers don't wash every day-with many opting for a quick spray of deodorant (除臭剂) to mask any smell. But why?

    There are a variety of reasons. Some claim that daily hair-washing is unnecessary. Commentator Matthew admitted that he hadn't shampooed his hair for a decade. Others say they just don't have the time. In 2008, the chemist Boots reported a 45% rise in sales of dry shampoo - a product that can be sprayed on hair between showers.

    And some people want to help the environment. "I limit my showers to about twice a week," said Nigel Hamerstone, a 42-year-old architect. "The rest of the time I have a sink wash." he adds. "I believe that I'm as clean as everyone else, and it's helped get my water consumption down to around 20 litres a day - well below the 100 to 150 average in the UK."

    So, will you be joining the new "washing revolution"?

  1. (1) Before the 1950s, how often did people have a bath?
    A . Never. B . Every day. C . Frequently. D . Once in a while.
  2. (2) What does "It" refer to in Paragraph 2?
    A . Soap-dodging. B . Taking a shower. C . Washing hair. D . The washing habit.
  3. (3) What are the statistics in Paragraph 3 about?
    A . Deodorant variety. B . British teenagers. C . Bathing habits. D . Shower products.
  4. (4) Why does Nigel Hamerstone limit his showers to twice a week?
    A . To save his time. B . To avoid the trouble. C . To save water resources. D . To cut the cost of living.
阅读理解

Ask people in the UK what the words "Sunday roast" mean to them, and they'll probably take you back to their grandmothers' dining rooms - maybe with a few stories of "the greatest puddings" and "the best ever steak". But now the traditional Sunday roast seems to have been left back in the old days. According to the Daily Mail, just one in 50 British families sits down to this weekly meal together.

There are many reasons why the roast is becoming less popular. In the busy modern world, where breakfast is a slice of toast eaten on the way to work or school and lunch is a quick sandwich in front of the computer screen, people just don't seem to have the time or patience to make a roast.

And Sunday was once a day when people could easily go to the kitchen to cook. Nowadays, people are often out shopping or at the cinema until it's far too late to start thinking about heating the oven (烤箱) up.

However, a recent article from The Telegraph warned against being carried away by our tight schedules: "It would be a shame to let this fine old tradition disappear."

The Guardian further explained that the eating of the big meal is only the half of it. The Sunday roast also makes for relaxed morning activities in the kitchen, and the table becomes the perfect place to share good food and chat with family and friends. "For busy moms and dads, even if you can manage to turn off your mobile phone and the TV only once a week and turn the Sunday roast into a real family event, children can have fun cooking the food and clearing up together."

  1. (1) Why do people pay less attention to Sunday roast?
    A . They have a busy lifestyle. B . They have no interest in cooking. C . They don't think it worthwhile. D . They are living in the modern society.
  2. (2) What does the underlined word "it" in the last paragraph refer to?
    A . A recent article. B . A traditional kitchen. C . The fine old tradition. D . The Sunday morning activity.
  3. (3) How does the author feel towards Sunday roast's dying out?
    A . Doubtful. B . Positive. C . Uncertain. D . Sorry.
  4. (4) What is the best title for the passage?
    A . Sunday-Best Time for Family B . Sunday Roast Dying Out C . It's the Perfect Time for Us D . Let's Sit Down Together
阅读理解

A layover(临时滞留) or flight delay can be extremely fun in these international airports.

Munich Airport, Germany

Aviation(航空) lovers passing through Munich can take a behind-the-scenes tour to learn how the airport operates. Visitors can also tour three historic aircraft and a retired rescue helicopter, climb up to a 28-metre high observation platform for an up-close view of take-offs and landings, and watch films on aviation in the airport's 60-seat cinema. Travelers can also kill layover time at an 18-hole mini-golf course, or even stop in for a teeth cleaning at the airport dental office.

Changi Airport, Singapore

After a long flight to Singapore, travelers can relax in a Balinese-style swimming pool, work out at the airport gym, or enjoy a drink and live musical performances at the airport's Music Bar. The airport also boasts a tranquil butterfly garden, and a “fragrant garden” which is home to 15 species of plants and trees. Free movies at one of two airport cinemas also keep passengers entertained.

Schiphol Amsterdam Airport, the Netherlands

Schiphol is Europe's fifth-largest airport. Here passengers can view the works of Dutch masters free of charge, and try their luck at airport's casino(赌场). You can even have your wedding ceremony at Schiphol—couples can choose from four different wedding packages, including a 1930-style ceremony held on a Dakota military aircraft.

San Francisco International Airport, California

The airport's 24-hour AirTrain not only moves passengers between terminal, but also provides a fun view of the runways. There are three aquariums(水族馆) to explore, along with interactive play area, an aviation museum, and a library. If that's not enough to keep the little ones busy, travelers can rent portable DVD players and movies for use in the airport.

  1. (1) What can travelers do at the Munich Airport?
    A . They can have their teeth cleaned. B . They can watch free films in the 28-seat cinema. C . They can visit one of three aquariums. D . They can relax in a swimming pool.
  2. (2) Which is the unique feature of the Schiphol Amsterdam Airport?
    A . Passengers can see a retired rescue helicopter. B . Passengers can visit a Munich military aircraft. C . Passengers can get married there. D . Passengers can play golf there.
  3. (3) Which airport was designed with kids in mind?
    A . Munich Airport. B . Changi Airport. C . Schiphol Amsterdam Airport. D . San Francisco International Airport.