七选五 知识点题库

    Many parents want to give their children chances to experience a variety of situations.  .

    Children, especially boys are expected to be energetic and assertive(果敢的). That doesn't mean, though, that they are allowed to "run wild" in public. , particularly in public places and in the homes of others. When a child misbehaves badly, only the child's patents may discipline(约束) him. Other adults should not interfere （干涉） unless the child is doing something which may be harmful to himself.. While beating a child's buttocks(屁股), is acceptable to some people, any punishment that wounds the child or leaves a mark is considered child abuse(虐待) and is against the law.

A. The relationship between American parents and their children is harmony

B. In the US, a few religious groups think it is important to have a large family

C. Most parents discipline their children by rewarding good behaviors, not by punishing bad behaviors

D. Having many children would leave the couples and their children less freedom

E. American children are expected to accept invitations to a formal party

F. They bring their children with them to church, to sporting events, to stores, and to social events

G. Parents are expected to keep their children under control at all times

    We face problems in our everyday life.Don't worry.As long as you are breathing,you can solve problems.

Be aware of problem

    First of all,it is important to know and understand the problem clearly..Following questions like why,what, how,when,where and who will take you to the root cause of the problem.

Analyze the problem

    Analyzing the problem will give you time to think of a proper solution..They can be diagrams（图表）, flowcharts or a lists,etc.

Plan a strategy（策略）

    Planning a strategy will help you waste less energy and time in attempting all the solutions.This step includes knowing the advantages and disadvantages of applying a solution.In this way,you can abandon the strategy that you don't find worthy to apply.

    Leave out the information that is not required for the solving of the problem.You need to be accurate with the details.Keeping the unrelated information can sometimes complicate the simple problems as we tend to overlook the important information.

Carry out the solution

    Putting the solution into effect in a correct way to get the result expected is important while solving a problem. You need to be creative while actualizing（实施）a solution just in case some other problem arises while applying the solution.

A.Remove unrelated information.

B.You can use various tools to study the problem.

C.Use yes or no questions to get better information.

D.Knowing the problem means solving half the problem itself.

E.They can be social problems,relationship problems,or problems at work.

F.Being ready with alternatives is also important in case a solution works only half way.

G.Spend 10% of the time analyzing the problem and 90% on the solution,not the opposite.

    Taking good notes is a time-saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways .Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test. Third, note-taking offers variety to your study time and helps you to hold your interest.

    You will want to take notes during classroom discussions and while reading a textbook or doing research for a report. Whenever or however you take notes, keep in mind that note-taking is a selective process.

    The following methods may work best for you.

●Read the text quickly to find the main facts and ideas in it.

●Carefully read the text and watch for words that can show main points and

supporting facts.

● Write your notes in your own words.

●

● Note any questions or ideas you may have about what was said or written.

    As you take notes, you may want to use your own shorthand(速记). When you do, be sure that you understand your symbols(符号) and that you use them all the time.

A．Use words, not complete sentences.

B．There are three practical note-taking methods.

C．You must write your notes on separate paper.

D．Otherwise, you may not be able to read your notes late

E. you will also want to develop your own method for taking notes.

F. That means you must first decide what is important enough to include in your notes.

G. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember it.

    Reasons why you should travel while you're young

    I have been very lucky to travel around the world while still young. According to my experiences, I advise every young person to get out of his hometown and see what's out there. Here are three ways that traveling has changed me forever.

    Traveling changes the way you connect with the world

    I grew up in a small town.. When you travel to other countries and see the amazing beauty of sunsets over seas, monkeys swinging through rainforests, you realize the world is-full of more beauty than you are able to see in a lifetime. But, you still want to try.

    Traveling changes the way you connect with others

    Everyone in my hometown looked and acted basically the same.. I realized that my life could be enriched by developing friendships with people who didn't look or act like me. Far from my hometown, I developed friendships with people who were nothing like me, but were exactly what I needed..

    Traveling helps develop your interest in education

    . Just reading the stories in books seemed so boring to me. However, when I visited the Palace of Versailles in France and walked in the halls of the Louvre. I couldn't help but have interest in history..

A. Traveling taught me, not to fear.

B. Traveling makes history come alive.

C. Sadly, I never liked history in school.

D. When I traveled, I learned a lot about other cultures.

E. It also taught me the importance of communication skills.

F. The older I become, the more 1 realize I actually know very little about life.

G. If I hadn't the chance to travel, I would have a different time imagining much else outside my hometown.

Cowboys in the US

    Cowboys played an important role in the settling of the west. Ranching (牧场经营)was a big industry and cowboys helped to run the ranches.

The Roundup

    Each spring and fall the cowboys would work on the “roundup” Cattle would walk freely much of the year and then the cowboys would need to bring them in. In order to tell what cattle belonged to their ranch, the cattle would have a special mark burned into them called a “ brand “.

Horse and Saddle (马鞍）

    The most important item of any cowboy was his horse and saddle. The saddles were often custom-made (定制的) and, next to his horse, probably the most valuable item a cowboy owned.

Clothing

    Cowboys wore special clothing that helped them with their jobs. They wore large 10-gallon hats to protect them from the sun and the rain. They wore special cowboy boots that helped them to get in and out of the stirrups (马镫）when riding a horse Many cowboys wore chaps on the outsides of their legs to help protect them from sharp bushes that their horse may rub up against.

Cowboy Code

     The code included such rules as being polite and respectful, always saying “howdy”, not waving at a man on a horse (you should nod) , never riding another man's horse without his permission,always helping someone in need, and never putting on another man's hat.

A. They herded cattle, repaired buildings, and took care of the horses.

B. The cowboys of the Old West had an unwritten code that they lived by.

C. This when the cowboys would bring in all the cattle from the open ranch.

D. Horses were so important that anyone caught stealing a horse was usually hanged!

E. Their clothing grew out of practical need and the environment in which they worked.

F. This was especially important if they fell, so they wouldn't get dragged by their horse.

G. They have deep historic roots dating back to the earliest European settlers of America.

    The Panda Ant is a most unusual species with a lovely appearance. They look like ants but actually they belong to the wasp（黄蜂）family. The differences between the two sexes of the species are also very pronounced in both appearance and behavior. When fully grown, the male, possibly attaining a length of approximately 0. 8 centimeters, is several times larger than the female. Cute as panda ants may look, they are dangerous and capable of knocking out an animal much larger than they are with a few stings（刺）.

    Panda ants primarily depend on flowers sweet liquid as their food. The female panda ant often lays its eggs in a bee or wasp nest. When the young ones. hatch, they will eat their pupa（蛹）hosts.

    So although a female panda ant lays approximately 2, 000 eggs a year, a considerable amount of eggs to support their survival, this species is still on the edge of dying out.

    This species was first discovered in the coastal region of Central Chile in 1938.

    Today, they are likely to be found in dry desert and sandy areas such as Southwestern United States and parts of Mexico.

A. It's a new fashion to raise panda ants as pets.

B. The name comes from their colors as pandas.

C. Yet young panda ants are meat-eaters.

D. No one believes the panda ant is the relative of bees.

E. Besides, the males are active at night while the females opposite.

F. Unfortunately, many panda ants are eaten for their bright colors.

G. Then little attention was given to it until recently.

    You're growing up. That means you're probably experiencing lots of changes, all at once. Your body is changing. It might even seem as if your entire self is changing. It can be confusing and even scary. And it's good!

    Growing up means that you can do more, learn more, and start to make your mark on the world. In order for that to happen, your body produces chemicals called hormones that help both body and mind grow. Hormone levels change constantly, rising and falling. But it's partly to blame for intense emotions, surprising reactions, and mood swings.

    Because of the way your brain develops, it is somewhat ruled by emotion now and through your teen years. As a result, growing up can seem like an emotional roller coaster!

    Take care of yourself. If you eat right, sleep enough, and get good exercise, your brain will be much more able to deal with the stress.

    When you feel your moods swinging or you're upset, or confused, some quiet time will allow you to gather your thoughts and get calmer.

    Practice relaxing your body and deep breathing when you wake up and when you go to bed. Plus, when stuff happens during the day, you'll be able to calm yourself quickly with a deep breath or two before you react. Your body is changing.

A. Take a time-out.

B. But the truth is, it happens to every teen.

C. Work out regularly to keep physically fit.

D. This changing is needed for your body's development.

E. It will help you fall asleep-and start the morning right.

F. Here are a few things you can do to make the ride smoother.

G. Usually, these feelings settle down when you realize what is going on.

    Homework is made up of out­of­class activities and at­home activities teachers assign to students. It can include practice assignments that emphasize newly acquired skills.  Projects that have to be worked on in agreement with schoolwork also form a part of homework.

     For example, to complete their homework in time, children start dividing their time into studying and playing, thus learning to complete their scheduled tasks within the time they have. They learn to do things on their own. They manage their time and complete their work independently.

    Homework can also help build up children's confidence.  Teachers' positive remarks can help develop students' confidence and encourage them to keep up with their good work.

    In addition, homework gives students a chance to learn from their mistakes and overcome their weakness. It provides them with a platform to express what they know or have newly found, and exhibit their talents. This helps them improve their academic results.

    However, to be as beneficial to students as possible, homework should be assigned properly. The amount and difficulty level of homework assignments should match the ages and abilities of students. Homework proves to be beneficial only if it does not put students under stress or pressure.

A. Otherwise, it will become a punishment.

B. Homework can benefit students in many ways.

C. Teachers give comments on the work that students do.

D. It also gives students the practice of whatever they learn in school.

E. Completing homework requires planning, organizing and acting upon it.

F. Students can gain a sense of accomplishment after completing homework.

G. It can be preparation assignments to make students ready for class activities.

    Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question: "Should I jump?" This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin.  Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.

     More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.

    You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work.  So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰) of thoughts can help you move forward.

    Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible.  They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.

    Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can't become one because your eyesight is not good enough. You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.

    You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.

A. This can affect your work.

B. So how should you motivate yourself?

C. However, this should not discourage you.

D. So why should we try to set specific goals?

E. They can change according to circumstances.

F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.

G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.

Are you one of the increasing number of students who are struggling for college education online?  Follow these tips to help you be a successful online learner?

Many students assume that online classes require less work and are easier than traditional classes.

Arrangement according to class schedule is important. Log on to your course according to the required schedule. Manage your time just as you would in a traditional course.

You may not be able to turn in papers, view videos, or participate in groups if you don't have the proper technology. Make sure that you have the proper Internet connection and software programs installed (安装).

During class, you are advised to be focused. Read and practice everything. Don't run through a course skipping videos, animations (动画), and ungraded self-assessment activities. Be comfortable communicating through text. Most communication in an online course occurs through the written word. Discussion board posts, written assignments, and email are all common modes of communication in online courses. Be prepared to read and write a lot in online courses.

Remember to be active. If you have questions or don't understand an assignment, tell your instructor.  Don't wait until after you've turned in an assignment to let the instructor know that you have struggled. If you email or call the instructor before an assignment, quiz, or exam, you'll prevent the struggle, and avoid having your grade suffer.

A. Go through every screen.

B. Online classes require less work.

C. You'll understand the instructor better.

D. Be sure you have the required software and hardware.

E. Your instructor can help you better if you tell him or her.

F. In reality, they're designed just as demanding as traditional courses.

G. This is different from traditional classes, where a lot of communication is oral.

Time management is an important skill to cultivate. It can help you make the most out of each day, leading to success in areas like work and school.

●Create the right environment to work. The environment you work in can help with your overall productivity. There are no strict rules about a work environment, so pick what feels right for you. . These feelings will help you stay on task and be productive.

●List your tasks in terms of importance. , but organize them a little rather than just writing down everything that needs to get done. Group tasks in terms of importance. For example, tasks labeled "urgent" must be done today. Tasks labeled" important, but not urgent "are important to do, but can wait. Tasks with labels like" low-priority can be put off if necessary.

●. Finishing crucial tasks in the morning will leave you with a sense of accomplishment. The day will already feel like a success and a great deal of your stress will be relieved. Start off each day by knocking out the most important tasks on your list.

●Do not multitask. Many people assume multitasking is a great way to get more done each day and manage time wisely. However, focusing on multiple tasks once actually makes you less productive. . Focus completely on one task at a time instead. You will get your work done quicker this way, allowing you to make the most of your time.

A. Return all your emails

B. Do important tasks first

C. To-do lists are a great tool

D. Things will take longer to do, as you are not giving anything your full attention

E. If you can choose a particular space to work choose a space free of distractions F. Surround yourself with inspiring decorations that help you feel enthusiastic and pass1onate

G. To manage your time, use your working in the right environment and prioritizing tasks

Being first in your class is a goal that you can work toward, but you must set it for yourself from the first day of high school.

Read beyond assigned reading. Following your course outline and doing all of your assigned reading are important. But to pull ahead to first rank, you also need to read books that can provide that extra information you need.  Prepare an extra credit report based on what you learn.

Don't just physically sit in the chair. Be a part of group discussions, and volunteer for extra projects and teams. Take leadership roles whenever they're offered. If the class has a debating team, take part in it often and come prepared with notes and references for every debate.

Ask for help when you see you need it. Balancing different classes and assignments can make it difficult to keep up in every subject. If you feel that you are having trouble grasping certain topics, don't struggle until your grades begin to slip. Turn to the teachers if necessary.  Show an interest in your classmates. Your teacher will notice.

Ask your teacher for extra credit assignments, particularly if you receive a disappointing grade in a subject. Don't merely accept the mark. Do everything you can to raise it.

Stay physically fit.  Eat well, drink lots of water and get plenty of sleep. Spend time outdoors and away from your studies. But be disciplined (有条理的) . Schedule a study period for each day and stick to it.

A. Finish your homework in time.

B. Participate in teamwork in class.

C. Get plenty of exercise either through team or individual activities.

D. Try these tips along your way to help you get that first rank in your class.

E. Concentrate on what your teacher explains so that you can grasp the main points.

F. Similarly, if you do well in a subject, tell your teacher you're available to help others.

G. If you're studying World War Ⅱ, for instance, read biographies of the important players.

As is often the case, when we wake up feeling sleepy and with dark circles under eyes, many of us often make a decision: "I'm going to bed earlier tomorrow! " We seem to be really determined. . We are still absorbed in what we are doing without realizing it is already too late the next day. This behaviour is called "bedtime procrastination" (睡眠拖延症)，and results from lack of self-control and our body clock.

. According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists, 53 percent of the 2, 400 participants said they didn't follow their sleep schedule, delaying it at least twice a week. They delayed bedtime because they couldn't stop doing other trivial things (琐事)，which were keeping them up in the first place.

People who generally have trouble resisting temptations (诱惑) and following their intentions firmly are more likely to delay going to bed. They find it hard to control themselves.

. Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bedtime. Those who get up late are more likely to postpone their bedtime than those who wake early every morning. Night owls would go to bed late at the very beginning of the weekday, even though they had to get up early for work and school. .

Therefore, if we want to cure our bedtime procrastination, the intention to go to bed earlier is not enough. Biological processes need to support this intention.

We should have a clear understanding that bedtime procrastination is a big problem. .

A. Bedtime procrastination is a common problem.

B. Sleep is supposed to make us feel energized the next day.

C. Yet, lack of self-control is not the only thing to blame.

D. Unfortunately, chances are that we don't stick to our promise.

E. It's their special body clock that plays a part in delaying their bedtime.

F. The choices we make could turn out to be pretty important for our health.

G. There is an old saying about how going to bed early makes us "healthy, wealthy and wise".

Talking to yourself may seem a little shameful. According to the well-known saying, talking to yourself is the first sign of madness,  Talking to ourselves, whether out loud or silently in our heads, is a valuable tool for thought. 

Far from being mentally ill, self-talk allows us to plan what we are going to do, manage our activities, regulate our emotions and even create a description of our experience. 

As children, according to the Russian psychologist Lev Vygotsky, we use private speech to regulate our actions in the same way that we use public speech to control the behavior of others.  Psychological experiments have shown that the private speech can improve our performance on tasks ranging from judging what other people are thinking to sorting images into categories. One recent study suggested that self-talk is most effective when we address ourselves in the second person, as "you" rather than "I".

 If you want proof, turn on the sports channel. You're certain to see an athlete or two cheering themselves up with a bitter phrase or scolding themselves after a bad shot. 

Conduct a dialogue with ourselves.  The private speech seems to be a particularly good way of solving problems and working through ideas. The to-and-fro between different points of view means our thoughts can end up in expected places, just like a regular dialogue can, and might turn out to be one of the keys lo human creativity. 

A. What is private speech?

B. But there is no need for embarrassment. 

C. Psychologists refer to this as private speech. 

D. Ask questions of the self and provide answers. 

E. We do a lot of private speech when we are young. 

F. As we grow older, we make the private speech become the way of blinking, 

G. Although the private speech is effective, we never entirely put away the out-loud speech. 

Study Abroad

Every year，thousands of students choose to study abroad for the summer, six months, a year or longer. Here are some things you need to know before you make such a decision.

Why do it?

Living in another country will help you learn about the culture of another land. You will see the world in a new way.  Many companies today want employees who speak a second language or who have experienced living or working in another country.

Making the right choice.

To choose the right country or school，ask yourself these questions Do I want to live with a host family(寄宿家庭)，with roommates, or alone? How much do I want to pay?

Get your passport and visa(签证) early！Before you go，learn as much of the language as you can，and read about the customs of your host country. Also，talk with people who have experienced studying abroad. Call the school to make sure someone can meet you when you get there.

Once you are there.

After the first few weeks it's usual to feel a little homesick.Just be open to meeting new people and having new experiences. Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place with new customs. Talk to your new friends and write about your feelings.

How to Make the World a Better Place

When you think about people who have made the world a better place, you probably think of famous scientists or great leaders. That is not all the truth. An act of kindness can bring a smile to a person's face even if only for a moment.

Give away your money.

For example, if you want to help hungry children, you can try to find an international organization that provides food for those in poor areas. Every cent you give away will mean a lot.

Help a stranger.

Your small actions can brighten the day of others. Hold the door for someone whose hands are full. Help the blind cross the street. The key is expecting nothing in return for your acts of kindness.

Care about those you know.

Show the people close to you how much you care about them. Tell them they mean a lot to you. Make a beautiful gift for a friend. Take your husband to his favourite fun place if he has had a hard week.

Be grateful to others.

Have you had good service in a restaurant? Thank the waiter. Do you have a very good neighbour who is always there when you need her? Tell her how much you appreciate her being in your life.

If a friend needs skills in a certain area, offer your advice. Perhaps she is struggling to set up a computer, and you know how to do that. Offer whatever ability you have, but always remember to be polite.

A. Share your knowledge.

B. Keep walking forward.

C. Small steps, not big ones.

D. Give your seat on the bus to an old man.

E. Ordinary people like you and me can also help a lot.

F. Tell your children how much they mean to you.

G. Choose charity (慈善机构) that has meaning for you.

Being a superhero to others

Ewan Drum has always liked superheroes. He likes how they help people. At age seven, he told his parents, "I want to dress up like a superhero and help the homeless." Wearing his red superhero cape (斗篷), Ewan helped pass out 70 packed lunches to hungry people in a park in Detroit, Michigan. That's how Super Ewan was born.

People donated (捐赠) money and supplies, and Ewan took them to those in need. When someone donated jugs of water, Ewan and his family drove their car to get even more. They took the water to Flint, Michigan, a city that had unsafe drinking water. Another time, a businessman donated six turkeys. "In the end"， he says, "we gave 64 turkey dinners to families all around Detroit."

Ewan has a motto：Everyone can be a superhero to someone. At an event called the Hero Round Table, Ewan says，"It's not hard to help people. You can keep some socks and food in your car to help people in need. You can help a neighbor garden. "

It's been several years since Super Ewan started his task. Every month, he still visits the same park to hand out clothes, food, and supplies to people who are hungry or homeless—his Super Friends. "No matter what happens，" Ewan says, "I will always keep helping people."

A. This superhero says he'll never take off his cape.

B. News spread (传播) about Ewan's act of kindness.

C. A few months later, Ewan's family planned a day of giving.

D. Every little thing helps and can make someone feel happy.

E. Ewan says he wants more adults to act like superheroes.

F. Several days later, his parents drove to Flint and helped him raise a lot of money.

G. With his parents' help, Ewan asked for more turkeys through the Internet, plus side dishes.

What's the use of language? Why does the human race learn to speak, write, and sign? Certainly the primary purpose of language is for communication. We use language to communicate our ideas and opinions to each other. We use it to tell others our thoughts. Sometimes we tell the truth. Sometimes we tell lies. But in all these cases, the basic aim is clear: to get the ideas in our head into someone else's head. But there are several other uses of language where the basic aim has nothing to do with communicating ideas.

Earlier in the book, I talked about accents and dialects. These tell people who we are and where we come from. In both ways we express our identities.

Here's another use of language: to express our emotions. Imagine you're hammering a nail into a piece of wood, but something goes wrong and you hit your finger instead. What will come out of your mouth? But quite a few would shout, "Stupid hammer!" as if it was the hammer's fault. What sort of language is this? The hammer doesn't have a brain, so it can't possibly understand us. So what are we doing? Actually, we just want to get rid of our nervous energy. By shouting at the hammer, we feel a bit better.

We also use language to avoid embarrassment and get on with other people. Imagine people sometimes say such things as "Looks like rain" or "Lovely day" when they meet each other. They don't want to start a proper conversation, but they feel it would be rude to pass by in silence.

A. Therefore, they make a comment on the weather.

B. One of these uses of language is to express identity.

C. Of course, if you're very brave you might not say anything.

D. It shows that we're getting on well with the people we're talking to.

E. And for that to happen, we must speak them, write them, or sign them.

F. We might think the answer is very simple: to communicate with each other.

G. Rather a large number of people, I suspect, would shout out something bad.

In moving to another country it is not uncommon to experience culture shock. As a Chinese person in Britain, I am no different.

Basically, there are five stages of culture shock.

Stage one can be called the Tourist stage". If you travel a lot, you'll agree with me. Everything in a new place is very exciting to a tourist.After all, tourists don't usually stay too long in one place.

The second stage is the "shock stage". I am new in the country. Will someone cheat or rob me? I don't know anybody here and I miss home. Luckily, my "shock period" was quite short. I had so many things to do every day, so I didn't have time to get depressed.

You learn to deal with the difficulties and stop complaining. This period can be slow and if you fail, you have to go back to the shock stage. I am very lucky. I have a roommate who has lived here for several years. Every time I talk to her, I feel better.

We feel more comfortable and can adapt to the new culture. I think this will take a long time because I don't see any trace of it in me.

The last stage is called the re-entry shock stage". This is the shock you feel when returning home. Everybody is happy to see you again, but you've changed..