议论文 知识点题库
【写作内容】
建议 | 理由 |
3/5的同学建议买文具（stationery）发给大家使用 | 可以让同学们亲身体验收获的喜悦； 能鼓励大家将这一行动继续下去。 |
2/5的同学建议把这笔钱捐给地震灾区 | 灾区人民比我们更需要这笔钱； 用自己的劳动成果帮助别人更有意义。 |
【评分标准】概括准确,语言规范,内容合适,语篇连贯。
Recently more and more people focus on Zhang Lili, Wu Xiuying, Wu Bin, Zhou Chong and others alike, all of whom are highly thought of for what they did. ……
1).支持者85％，理由…….
2).反对者15％ 理由…….
3).你的看法…….
注意：1.参考词汇 military training军训 2. 词数100左右;
Dear editor,
I'm writing to tell you something about the discussion on whether it is necessary for senior one students to take the one-week military training. ……
Yours,
Lihua
Nowadays, cheating in exams is popular among some students.
报 纸 | 网 站 |
①传统媒体，天天更新，信息可靠 ②携带方便，随时随地可以阅读 ③仅有文字和图片 | ①新兴媒体，信息更新速度快 ②依赖于电脑及互联网 ③包含文字、图片、音频和视频 |
注意：1）短文必须包括上述所有内容，可以适当发挥;
2）词数：100左右
3）参考词汇：更新update;音频audio;视频video
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
Dear John,
……
Yours,
Li Hua
请根据以上内容，写一篇以"Should students be allowed to use smart phones in school time?"的作文，表明自己的观点并陈述理由去支持你的观点（至少三点）。
要求：字数120词左右
38%：赞成 | 给孩子们做可口的饭菜，洗衣服，从而让孩子们有更多的时间学习和休息。 |
62%： 反对 | 增加经济负担；给学生造成许多精神压力；孩子的独立生活能力得不到培养。 |
你的观点 | …… |
注意：1). 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；
2). 词数：100左右；
3). 参考词汇：经济负担：economic pressure 精神压力：mental stress
The other day our class had a heated discussion about whether it is necessary for parents to accompany students studying at school.…
注意:1）自选角度和内容;
2）字数100 左右;
3）信的开头和结尾已写好(不计入总词数)。
Dear editor,
In Chinese tradition, family reunion always plays a very important part in communication.
Best wishes!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
1）慈善捐助对受惠人群会有哪些影响；
2）你最想加入的慈善组织是哪一类（助学、济贫、关爱残疾人……)，理由是什么。
注意：1）可参照以上内容适当发挥；
2）作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3）开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Charity is becoming a popular word in China.
1）不要过分依赖电子产品；
2）多抽出时间锻炼身体；
3）学会与他人交往。
要求：1）需包含所有写作要点，词数120左右。
2）可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
How to grow up healthily
On a sunny day s shepherd (牧羊人) walked with his two hungry sheep along a winding country path. He managed to have them two tied to each other just in case they should go separated. It was quite a long time before they arrived at a place where there was merely a small amount of fresh grass on each side of the path. Both of the sheep were so hungry that they hurried to the grass but in the separated direction as the picture showed. Unfortunately the rope fastening them was not long enough. No matter how hard they struggled, neither was able to reach the grass in front of them.
The shepherd was about to help them when he was surprised to find that one of them should voluntarily abandon the struggle, and went along with the other. Consequently, together the two sheep enjoyed the fresh grass on one side happily, and then the grass on the other.
【写作内容】⑴用约30个单词概述上面这则寓言的主要内容。⑵用约120个单词就此则寓言谈谈你的想法，内容包括：①从这则寓言中，你获得了哪些启示？②结合该寓言给你的启示，谈谈你在生活中是如何做的。
【写作要求】①写作过程中不能直接引用原谅语句；②作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；③不必写标题。
【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。
参考词汇：fable寓言
The Role of Humility at Work
There are many qualities that leaders must develop if they wish to have a meaningful impact in the workplace. But among these many important qualities, the value of humility seems to be frequently overlooked. Part of this is due to common misconceptions about what it means to be humble.
Humility tends to be overlooked in the workplace because it is frequently misinterpreted as a "weak" quality. We have been led to believe that people who are humble are easily bulldozed (欺负) by others and aren't willing to stick up for themselves. Many define humility as having a low opinion of oneself. While this may be one widely accepted view of humility today, it is actually a far cry from the true meaning of the word—and the way it should be applied in leadership. Humility isn't about being passive and weak. It's about showing respect to others and recognizing truth in all situations, including in the workplace.
A humble professional sounds like the type of person that most of us would prefer to interact with on a daily basis. It is the type of person that can become a truly effective leader. "Humble leaders must be willing to evaluate criticism to determine if it's valid or not," said Christopher Ferry, founder of Boca Recovery Center. "The best leaders are willing to admit when they are wrong and view mistakes as learning opportunities so they can turn them into something transformative. In all my work developing the leadership skills of managers, if I could give them any quality with a magic stick, it would be humility."
Though humility is often underrated by world at large, it's essential if you want to be successful as a leader, not just at work but in life. Reject your idea to boast or lift yourself above anyone and decide to be at the service of others.
阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
During all kinds of holidays, millions of people will buy gifts for loved ones. This is a great thing but tons of those people will make the same mistake, and buy the wrong gift. What's going on? Gift buying has become a selfish deed. We don't actually look for things people want to receive. Instead, and too many of our gifts' harm, we tend to look for things that we want to give. It's a subtle(微妙的), but pretty significant problem.
Research has shown that givers tend to value the gifts they buy considerably more than receivers. Gifts are valued about 10 to 33 percent less by receivers than what givers paid for them, Joel Waldfogel noted in Scroogenomics: Why You Shouldn't Buy Presents for the Holidays, his 2019 book on gift-giving.
The disagreement seems to come from a simple wrong belief that thoughtful presents are the best presents. They are not. In fact, they might be the worst presents. The more thought you put into a present, the more likely you are to get lost in buying what the person you're buying the present for actually wants.
In other words, people let their gift-giving egos(自我)get in the way of great presents. Especially when the receiver is someone they want to show they know really well. Fortunately, the answer to our same insistence on guessing what people want is simple: stop it.
If that's too hard, or impersonal, there's another helpful rule. Instead of buying restrictive(限制的)gifts, like gift cards for specific stores, buy gifts that allow for flexibility, like gift cards that can be used more broadly(or better yet, cash). People tend to prefer gift cards to actual gifts, and cash to both, Steffel explained. Steffel's latest research, which focuses on gift card giving, points to exactly this point—that versatility(多用途) is the key to better gift giving.
How could we possibly think that keeping animals in cages in unnatural environments - mostly for entertainment purposes is fair and respectful?
Zoo officials say they are concerned about animals. However, most zoos remain "collections" of interesting "things" rather than protective habitats. Zoos teach people that it is acceptable to keep animals bored, lonely, and far from their natural homes.
Zoos claim to educate people and save endangered species, but visitors leave zoos without having learned anything meaningful about the animals' natural behavior, intelligence, or beauty. Zoos keep animals in small spaces or cages, and most signs only mention the species' name, diet, and natural range (分布区). The animals' normal behavior is seldom noticed because zoos don't usually take care of the animals' natural needs.
The animals are kept together in small spaces, with no privacy and little opportunity for mental and physical exercise. This results in unusual and self-destructive behavior called zoochosis (动物精神病). A worldwide study of zoos found that zoochosis is common among animals kept in small spaces or cages. Another study showed that elephants spend 22 percent of their time making repeated head movements or biting cage bars, and bears spend 30 percent of their time walking back and forth, a sign of unhappiness and pain.
Furthermore, most animals in zoos are not endangered. Captive breeding (圈养繁殖) of endangered big cats, Asian elephants, and other species has not resulted in their being sent back to the wild. Zoos talk a lot about their captive breeding programs because they do not want people to worry about a species dying out. In fact, baby animals also attract a lot of paying customers. Haven't we seen enough competitions to name baby animals?
Actually, we will save endangered species only if we save their habitats and put an end to the reasons why people kill them. Instead of supporting zoos, we should support groups that work to protect animals' natural habitats.
Why is the world's population growing？The answer is not what you might think. The reason for the explosion is not that people have been reproducing like rabbits, but that people have stopped dropping dead like flies. In 1900, people died at the average age of 30.By 2000 the average age was 65.But while increasing health was a typical feature of the 20th century, declining birth rate could be a defining one of the 21st.
Statistics show that the average number of births per woman has fallen from 4.9 in the early 1960s to 2.5 nowadays. Furthermore, around 50% of the world's population live in regions where the figure is now below the replacement level (i.e.2.1 births per woman) and almost all developed nations are experiencing sub-replacement birth rate. You might think that developing nations would make up the loss (especially since 80% of the world's people now live in such nations), but you'd be wrong. Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions too, which might cause catastrophic global shortages of work force within a few decades.
A great decline in young work force is likely to occur in China, for instance. What does it imply？First, China needs to undergo rapid economic development before a population decline hits the country. Second, if other factors such as technology remain constant, economic growth and material expectations will fall well below recent standards and this could invite trouble.
Russia is another country with population problems that could break its economic promise. Since 1992 the number of people dying has been bigger than that of those being born by a massive 50%.Indeed official figures suggest the country has shrunk by 5% since 1993 and people in Russia live a shorter life now than those in 1961.Why is this occurring？Nobody is quite sure, but poor diet and above all long-time alcoholism have much to do with it. If current trends don't bend, Russia's population will be about the size of Yemen's by the year 2050.
In the north of India, the population is booming due to high birth rates, but in the south, where most economic development is taking place, birth rate is falling rapidly. In a further twist, birth rate is highest in poorly educated rural areas and lowest in highly educated urban areas. In total, 25% of India's working-age population has no education. In 2030, a sixth of the country's potential work force could be totally uneducated.
One solution is obviously to import foreign workers via immigration. As for the USA, it is almost unique among developed nations in having a population that is expected to grow by 20% from 2010—2030.Moreover, the USA has a track record of successfully accepting immigrants. As a result it's likely to see a rise in the size of its working-age population and to witness strong economic growth over the longer term.
Where Arts Should Get Its Funding?
Few people would contest the value of arts in a civilized society. Great art enriches people's lives by providing pleasure, stimulation and an escape from the pressure of everyday life. However, it is also true that many of the arts, such as classical music, the ballet, and the visual arts have always attracted a minority audience. The question is whether the arts should be publicly funded, or whether it is the consumers who should pay.
It is my view that the government should subsidize the arts, for a number of reasons. First of all, without subsidies, many artists would undoubtedly be unable to survive financially. Government grants can enable them to work with artistic freedom, while if they worked independently or relied on private subsidies they might be subject to market pressures and the need to make a profit. Secondly, the arts contribute to a nation's cultural heritage and can create a sense of social identity. They can also play an important role in education, community regeneration and even crime prevention. However, the main argument for public funding of the arts is not social usefulness, but rather because they are important for their own sake.
Of course, there are those who argue that public money would be better spent on meeting the needs of the poorer members of society, rather than catering for the interests of an elite. However, I believe that a healthy society is one in which art and creativity are valued alongside these basic needs. Indeed, a civilized society ought to make the arts accessible to everyone, regardless of their background or income.
In conclusion, the arts should be funded across a broad range of activities, for example, by supporting community or school theatre projects, or bringling sculptures and art installations to public places.
Many teenagers in high school today try out for a sport because they think it will make them popular with their friends. But there are of course many other benefits to be gained from sports in school.
With home computers, video games, and TVs becoming more and more popular, it has become so much easier for teens to be by themselves rather than going out with friends. Teens used to go hanging out at the mall or drive around town, but now they just sit at home. While they may not find a new best friend when going out, they will learn how to interact with fellows, which they will find useful later in life. Therefore, getting teens into a sport gives them an opportunity to go out and socialize.
One of the biggest problems in our society today is obesity (肥胖), and it is not just a problem with adults. More and more teens are becoming overweight due to poor eating habits and a lack of exercise. Joining in a sport will help them go out and take some exercise without feeling pressured to lose weight or get in shape.
Sport also provides parents with a great way to bond with their children by showing up to support them at games and helping them with their practices. These days, it is becoming harder for parents to show love and support to teens. Through sports, they can not only spend time with their kids and talk to them, but also have a chance to chat with their friends and learn about who they are hanging out with.
Parents may think “but my kid isn't good enough to make their school team”. Actually, there are plenty of other places besides schools to play sports. Just take a look around the area and it is certainly not hard to find many sporting activities suitable for teens to join in.
It is generally believed that scientific research should improve our quality of life. Meanwhile, there is almost universal agreement that the government should provide financial and political support for any research that is likely to result in immediate and significant benefits for the majority of people. However, when it comes to whether the government should support scientific research with no practical use, people's ideas vary. I agree with the statement that the government should distribute enough funds to any scientific research that aims to improve the wellbeing of people, even if it is of no practical use in the short run.
Scientific research whose social benefits are immediate, predictable, and farreaching should continue to be a high priority (优先事项). For example, biotechnology research has been proven to help cure and prevent diseases; advances in medical technology make it possible to offer safer treatments; information technology enables education to be more accessible; and communication technology promotes global peace by improving mutual understanding among people and their participation in the democratic (民主的) process.
However, this is not to say that research whose benefits are less immediate or clear should be given a lower priority. It is difficult to predict what research will finally lead to the greatest contributions to society. Unwillingness to finance less practical scientific research could have a harmful effect on the efforts to explore new knowledge. This is particularly true of the computer science. For example, before the first computer was invented, public opinions went against it, as most people saw nothing practical in computer research. However, computers transformed the way human society developed and proved to be of great use in the long run, especially in terms of scientific development in fields such as the military, medicine, aviation, and education.
Therefore, never should we think that scientific research whose benefits are unknown is not worth undertaking since the purpose of any research should be to discover the truth, whatever it might be.
Every year, more and more parents complain to their children's schools about PE. They believe that their children shouldn't have to participate in physical activities if they don't want to. Supporters of PE, however, believe that it is a necessary element of all-round schooling and our society's well-being. They insist PE in schools remains one of the few places in which the youth can be forced to participate in aerobic exercise.
Firstly, they believe that participation in sport promotes health. In fact physical education is a springboard for involvement in sports and physical activities throughout life. The government is, or should be, concerned with the health of its citizens. Encouraging physical activities in the young through compulsory PE fights child overweight and contributes to forming lifelong habits of exercise. This doesn't have to be through traditional team sports;increasing schools are able to offer exercise in the form of swimming, gymnastics, dancing, etc.
Besides, physical education helps to develop character and mutual respect required to succeed in an adult environment. Playing team sports builds character and encourages students to work with others, as they would be expected to do in most business or sporting environments. Sport teaches children how to win and lose with good graces and builds a strong school spirit through competition with other institutions. It is often the experience of playing on a team together that builds the strongest friendships at school, which endure for years afterwards.
Finally, the pursuit of national sporting achievements begins in the school. If schools don't have compulsory PE, it is much harder to pick out, develop and equip athletes to represent the country on a wider stage. However, it's much easier to find suitable individuals with a full sports program in every school.
Last, school PE helps select and train potential athletes for national teams. (要点4)
